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Step 1 - Pharmacy 2020
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2 із 150
A solution contains calcium, barium, aluminium, potassium, and sodium cations. Into this solution a small amount of ammonium hydroxide and alizarin solution was added, which resulted in production of red precipitate. What ion was detected as the result of this reaction?
Aluminium
Calcium
Barium
Potassium
Sodium
3 із 150
Select an indicator for argentometric determination of chloride ions using the Mohr method:
Potassium chromate
Diphenylcarbazone
Eosin
Fluorescein
Methyl red
4 із 150
Quantitative determination of copper salts by means of photometric titration should be conducted according to the calibration graph that is built within the following coordinates:
Optical density - concentration
Optical density - temperature
Optical density - liquid layer thickness
Light absorption intensity - wavelength
Optical density - wavelength
5 із 150
2M solution of HCl was added into the solution being studied, which resulted in formation of white precipitate that turned black when processed with ammonia solution. What cation is present in this solution?
Hg2+
Ag+
Pb2+
Ba2+
Mg2+
6 із 150
What should be measured during quantitative determination of glucose by means of polarimetry?
Rotation angle of a polarized light beam
Refractive index
Absorption coefficient of a polarized light beam in the solution
Light beam dispersion in the solution
Optical density of the solution
7 із 150
Concentration of ethyl alcohol in tinctures and some other dosage forms can be determined by means of refractometry. For this purpose the following should be measured:
Solution refractive index
Rotation angle of a light polarization plane
Angle of total internal reflection of a light beam
Light beam incidence angle
Light beam refraction angle
8 із 150
Ammonium thiocyanate solution was added into the solution being studied. The resulting solution colored red. This analytical effect indicates the presence of the following cation:
Iron(III)
Mercury(II)
Silver
Mercury(I)
Lead(II)
9 із 150
What reference electrode should be used for potentiometric determination in a solution that contains ammonia and sodium hydroxide?
Glass
Platinum
Silver
Silver chloride
Zinc
10 із 150
When barium chloride solution was added into the solution being studied, it resulted in a white precipitate that was acidand alkali-insoluble, which indicates that this solution contains:
Sulfate ions
Chloride ions
Nitrate ions
Permanganate ions
Iron(II) ions
11 із 150
What laboratory glassware is used in titrimetric methods of analysis to measure out a precise volume of a titrant?
Burette
Pipette
Volumetric flask
Measuring cylinder
Measuring glass
12 із 150
Quantitative content of oxalic acid can be determined by means of permanganatometry. How to determine the equivalence point for this kind of titration?
When titrate changes its color after another drop of working solution is added
With redox indicator diphenylamine
With pH indicator
With specific indicator
With adsorption indicator
13 із 150
Specify what method of redox titration requires the use of specific indicator - starch - to fix the end point:
Iodometry
Permanganatometry
Nitritometry
Cerimetry
Bromatometry
14 із 150
To separate cations of the 6th analytical group from cations of the 5th analytical group (acid-base classification), the following is used:
Excess ammonia solution
Excess sodium hydroxide solution
Excess sulfuric acid solution
Acetic acid solution
Silver nitrate solution
15 із 150
To determine mass-volume fraction of ammonia in a solution, the following solution should be used:
Hydrochloric acid
Sulfuric acid
Potassium permanganate
Iodine
Sodium hydroxide
16 із 150
Pharmacopoeia reaction to determine benzoate ions requires interaction with the solution of:
Iron(III) chloride
Potassium chloride
Resorcin
Acetic anhydride
Diphenylamine
17 із 150
What reference electrode can be used in potentiometric analysis of a medicinal substance?
Silver chloride
Glass
Quinhydrone
Antimony
Zinc
18 із 150
Why is there no group reagent for the cations of the 1st analytical group (acid-base cassification)?
Most of their salts are water-soluble
They have close ionic radii
They have large ionic radii
They can form soluble bases
They belong to biologically important elements
19 із 150
What working solutions (titrants) are used in Volhard method (precipitation titration)?
AgNO3 and NH4SCN
H2SO4 and NaOH
Na2S2O3 and K[I3]
KMnO4 and KBrO3
HClO4 and KOH
20 із 150
The third analitycal group of cations (acid-base classification) includes Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+. What acid can function as a precipitator agent (group reagent) for these cations?
H2SO4
HNO3
HCI
CH3COOH
HCIO4
21 із 150
Reaction of sodium ions with potassium hexahydroxoantimonate(V) in neutral medium produces precipitate. Specify the color of this precipitate:
White
Red
Yellow
Green
Blue
22 із 150
Which compound of those listed below is a condensed arene?
23 із 150
Specify the Wurtz reaction among those given below:
24 із 150
Select the formula of diazonium salt:
25 із 150
Salts and esters of oxalic acid are called:
Succinates
Adipates
+Oxalates
Malonates
Urates
26 із 150
What test is used for identification of uric acid and other compounds with purine nucleus?
Murexide reaction
Silver mirror reaction
Lucas reagent
Fehling reagent
Copper mirror reaction
27 із 150
Select the compound with both pyrrole and pyridine nitrogen atoms from those given below:
Theophylline
2-Aminopyridine
Pteridine
Pyrimidine
Pyridazine
28 із 150
What reagent allows distinguishing between maltose (a reducing disaccharide) and sucrose (a non-reducing disaccharide)?
Tollens reagent
NaOH
FeCl3
Br2
K4[Fe(CN6)]
29 із 150
Specify the name of the alkene given below according to the IUPAC substitutive nomenclature:
2,4-Dimethyl-2-hexene
4-Ethyl-2-methyl-2-pentene
2-Ethyl-4-methyl-3-pentene
3,5-Dimethyl-4-hexene
4-Ethyl-2-methyl-3-pentene
30 із 150
Cellulose hydrolysis produces the following disaccharide:
Cellobiose
Maltose
Sucrose
Glucose
Lactose
31 із 150
Transformation C2H4 (alkene) −→ C2H6 (alkane) occurs during the following reaction:
Hydrogenation
Dehydrogenation
Dehydration
Hydration
Dimerization
32 із 150
What type of bonds participates in creation of both linear and cyclic carboxylic acid associates in the form of dimers?
Hydrogen bonds
Ionic bonds
Polar covalent bonds
Nonpolar covalent bonds
Donor-acceptor bonds
33 із 150
The end-productof heating bromoethane with aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide is:?
Ethanol
Ethane
Ethene
Ethanoic acid
Diethyl ether
34 із 150
Name the product of starch hydrolysis:
Glucose
Fructose
Mannose
Ribose
Galactose
35 із 150
What is the formula of salicylic acid?
36 із 150
Which of the compounds given below is an aromatic one?
37 із 150
Which of the listed monosaccharides is a ketose?
Fructose
Mannose
Glucose
Galactose
Ribose
38 із 150
Fructose is a monosaccharide, glucose isomer. In medicine it is used in treatment of hepatic disorders and as a part of special diets. Which formula corresponds with Dfructose?
39 із 150
Dibazol (Bendazol) is a hypotensive antispasmodic drug. Its mechanism of action is based on its ability to block phosphodiesterase type 4 enzyme activity. This drug contains the following heterocyclic compound:
Benzimidazole
Benzene
Thiazole
Pyridine
Pyrimidine
40 із 150
Which formula corresponds with β-D-glucopyranose?
41 із 150
What compound is synthesized by means of beta-picoline oxidation?
Nicotinic acid
Benzoic acid
Uric acid
Barbituric acid
Ascorbic acid
42 із 150
What compound will be produced as the result of toluene chlorination in the presence of FeCl3 catalyst?
43 із 150
What value determines the degree of influence that foreign ions have on the potential of an ion-selective electrode?
Selectivity coefficient
Diffusion coefficient
Activity coefficient
Electrical conductivity coefficient
Osmotic coefficient
44 із 150
Name the process of spontaneous adhesion of drops in an emulsion to each other:
Coalescence
Flocculation
Sedimentation
Flotation
Coagulation
45 із 150
Enzymes are widely used as drugs in pharmacy. What is the main difference that separates enzymes from non-biological catalysts?
High specificity and selectivity
High universality
Low universality
High dispersion
High homogeneity
46 із 150
Name the structural unit of a colloidal solution of a medicinal substance:
Micelle
Molecule
Atom
Ion
Zwitterion
47 із 150
Surfactants and high-molecular compounds are added into concentrated emulsions to stabilize them. These substances are:
Emulsifiers
Activators
Catalysts
Solvents
Absorbents
48 із 150
Specify the order of acetone breakdown reaction: CH3COCH3 = C2H4 + H2 + CO
First
Second
Third
Zero
Fractional
49 із 150
What two methods of obtaining a disperse system can be characterized as physical condensation?
Vapour condensation and solvent substitution
Chemical condensation and peptization
Dispergation and peptization
Ultrafiltration and peptization
Ultrafiltration and vapour condensation
50 із 150
If in the process of molecular adsorption the solute is being adsorbed more than the solvent, then the following occurs:
Positive adsorption
Negative adsorption
No adsorption
Selective adsorption
Ion adsorption
51 із 150
What device is used to measure surface tension of a liquid?
Stalagmometer
Areometer
Viscometer
Calorimeter
Nephelometer
52 із 150
Sedimentation is characteristic of the following systems:
Suspensions
Solutions of high-molecular compounds
Nonelectrolyte solutions
Electrolyte solutions
Foams
53 із 150
Under certain conditions, solutions of high-molecular substances can lose their flowability, meaning that the bonds begin to form between macromolecules, leading to the formation of a spatial grid. Name this process:
Gel formation
Coacervation
Condensation
Coagulation
Peptization
54 із 150
Collagen, gelatin, keratin, and myosin are the proteins that are formed with peptide bonds and resemble long threads in shape. Name this type of proteins:
Fibrillar proteins
Globular proteins
Chain proteins
Structured proteins
-
55 із 150
Name the ability of high-molecular compounds to prevent precipitation of lyophobic sols and deposition of cholesterol plaques on the vessel walls:
Colloid protection
Coacervation
Sedimentation
Coagulation
Thixotropy
56 із 150
Saline solution with 0.9% of NaCl in relation to blood serum can be characterized as:
Isotonic
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
Colloidal
-
57 із 150
Helmholtz energy is a direction criterion of a spontaneous process at a constant:
Temperature and volume
Temperature and pressure
Entropy and volume
Internal energy and volume
Entropy and pressure
58 із 150
Name the process of removing one or several substances from a complex system by means of a selective solvent:
Extraction
Evaporation
Crystallization
Dispersion
Condensation
59 із 150
In medical and pharmaceutical practice the phenomena of adsorption, wetting, and adhesion are regularly observed. Name this group of phenomena:
Surface phenomena
Electrokinetic phenomena
Molecular-kinetic phenomena
Optical phenomena
Physico-chemical phenomena
60 із 150
I.I.Mechnikov, when studying inflammatory process, described a certain order that is characteristic of leukocyte migration to the inflammation focus. The cells emigrate to the focus in the following order:
Neutrophilic granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes
Monocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophilic granulocytes
Neutrophilic granulocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes
Monocytes, neutrophilic granulocytes, lymphocytes
Lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophilic granulocytes
61 із 150
A patient has developed anuria. Blood pressure is 50/20 mm Hg. What process of uropoiesis caused acute decrease of urination?
Glomerular filtration
Obligatory reabsorption
Facultative reabsorption
Tubular secretion
-
62 із 150
During lancing an abscess in the oral cavity, it produces a yellow-green discharge. What cells are always present and predominant in the purulent exudate?
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils
Lymphocytes
Erythrocytes
63 із 150
People, who were in the building during a fire, suffer from carbon monoxide poisoning. What type of hypoxia can be observed in this case?
Hemic
Circulatory
Hypoxic
Respiratory
Tissue
64 із 150
A 42-year-old patient presents with skin pallor, weakness, and enlarged lymph nodes. In peripheral blood: leukocytosis, no intermediate forms of leukocytes (”leukemic hiatus”), accelerated ESR. What disease can be suspected in this case?
Acute leukemia
Chronic leukemia
Erythromyelosis
Neutrophilic leukocytosis
Leukemoid reaction
65 із 150
To reproduce Ehrlich carcinoma in a rabbit, a certain amount of benzpyrene (a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) was daily applied to a dehaired patch of skin of the animal. What method is used for tumor modelling in this case?
Induction
Transplantation
Explantation
Ionizing radiation
Hormone administration
66 із 150
After a surgery the patient presented with a severe pain syndrome. What change in the patient’s hormonal status is most likely in this case?
Increased catecholamine production
Insulin hypersecretion
Decreased ACTH production
Decreased production of glucocorticoids
Decreased production of mineralocorticoids
67 із 150
A 9-year-old child due to acute bronchitis developed elevated body temperature up to 38.5oC that lasted for a week and was then followed by a drop in the temperature down to 37.0oC. What mechanism is leading at the 3rd stage of fever?
Peripheral vasodilation
Increased heat production
Development of chills
Increased diuresis
Increased respiration rate
68 із 150
One hour after a child took polyvitamins in the dosage form of a syrup, the child developed a markedly itching urticaria-type rash all over the body. What type of allergic response can be characterized by this sign?
Anaphylactic
Immune complex
Cytotoxic
Delayed-type hypersensitivity
Autoallergic
69 із 150
A patient develops prolonged hemorrhages and hemorrhages into the muscles and joints as a result of any microtraumas. In the blood there is a deficiency of the VIII plasma factor of blood coagulation. What disease of blood system is observed in this patient?
Hemophilia A
B12 and folate deficiency anemia
Iron-deficiency anemia
Thrombocytopenic purpura
Vaquez disease (polycythemia vera)
70 із 150
A man received a radiation dose of 30 Gy. He presents with necrotic angina, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Blood tests revealed anemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. What stage of acute radiation sickness is observed in the patient?
Manifest illness stage
Prodromal stage
Latent stage
Recovery
-
71 із 150
A 54-year-old man requested a pharmacist’s advice on drug prescription. The patient has 4-year-long history of chronic glomerulonephritis and 2-year-long history of persistent hypertension. What substance synthesized in the kidneys has important role in development of arterial hypertension?
Renin
Nitric oxide
Aldosterone
Histamine
Catecholamines
72 із 150
Examination of a 45-year-old man, who for a long time kept to a vegetarian plantbased diet, revealed him to have negative nitrogen balance. What peculiarity of his diet has caused such developments?
Insufficient protein content
Insufficient fat content
Insufficient vitamin content
Excessive water content
Excessive carbohydrate content
73 із 150
A 23-year-old man came to the infectious diseases department with complaints of abdominal distension and diarrhea. He was diagnosed with lambliasis. What type of leukocytosis is characteristic of this disease?
Eosinophilic
Neutrophilic
Basophilic
Lymphocytic
Monocytic
74 із 150
What is the mechanism of indirect action of ionizing radiation on cells?
Formation of large amount of free radicals
Chromosome rupture
Damage to the cytoplasmic membrane
Swelling of organelles
Activation of protein biosynthesis
75 із 150
A couple came to the genetic consultation for their newborn child to be examined. Karyotype test detects an additional chromosome in the 21 pair. What diagnosis can be made?
Down syndrome
Edwards syndrome
Patau syndrome
Turner syndrome
Klinefelter syndrome
76 із 150
After a physical exertion a person develops extra (premature) cardiac contractions. What type of arrhythmia is it?
Extrasystole
Sinus tachycardia
Sinus bradycardia
Ventricular fibrillation
Paroxysmal tachycardia
77 із 150
A 55-year-old man came to a doctor with complaints of acute pain in his big toes. Meat and wine are always present in his diet. The doctor suspects gout. What substance must be measured in the patient’s blood to confirm this diagnosis?
Uric acid
Urea
Lactate
Bilirubin
Ketone bodies
78 із 150
suffers from diarrhea, dermatitis, and dementia. What vitamin is likely to be deficient in this patient, causing the patient’s condition?
Nicotinic acid
Vitamin K
Vitamin D
Tocopherol
Retinol
79 із 150
An unconscious patient was brought into the intensive care unit. Acetone breath, acute hyperglycemia, and ketonemia are detected. What complication of diabetes mellitus occurred in this case?
Diabetic coma
Hypoglycemic coma
Cataract
Acute acetone poisoning
Nephritis
80 із 150
Serum total protein is one of metabolic indicators. What reaction is usually used in clinical laboratories to measure this value?
Biuret
Ninhydrin
Xanthoproteic
Fohl
Nitroprusside
81 із 150
Thyroid gland produces a hormone that regulates Ca2+ levels in blood, which facilitates mineralization of bone tissue. What hormone has such an effect?
Thyrocalcitonin
Thyroxin
Triiodothyronine
Dopamine
Adrenaline
82 із 150
A patient is diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. For diagnostic purpose it is necessary to measure the activity of the following enzyme in the patient’s blood:
Amylase
Aldolase
LDH
Creatine kinase
Pepsin
83 із 150
What enzyme allows for synthesis of various genes from template-RNA to DNA in genetic engineering (this enzyme catalyzes the process discovered in RNAviruses)?
Reverse transcriptase
Exonuclease
DNA-ligase
Helicase
Endonuclease
84 із 150
Primary structure of nucleic acids is a polynucleotide chain that has a certain composition and order of the nucleotides. What bonds stabilize this structure?
-phosphodiester
Peptide
Glycosidic
Disulfide
Amide
85 із 150
Gout develops when purine nucleotide metabolism is disturbed. A doctor prescribed the patient allopurinol that is a competitive inhibitor of:
Xanthine oxidase
Succinate dehydrogenase
Alcohol dehydrogenase
Lactate dehydrogenase
Hexokinase
86 із 150
Cocarboxylase is used in medicine as a pharmaceutical preparation for treatment of myocardial dystrophy and conditions that affect muscles and peripheral CNS. What vitamin is a component of this preparation?
B1
B2
B6
C
B12
87 із 150
A patient complains of polyuria. Urine test detects no pathologic components, but urine specific gravity is abnormally low. What hormone secretion is likely to be disturbed in this patient?
Vasopressin
Somatotropin
Thyrotropin
Insulin
Cortisol
88 із 150
A patient with hyperproduction of thyroid hormones has been prescribed Merkazolilum. This drug inhibits the following enzyme participating in iodothyronine synthesis:
Iodide peroxidase
Aromatase
Reductase
Decarboxylase
Aminotransferase
89 із 150
Ascorutin vitamin preparation is used for treatment of bleeding gums and punctate hemorrhages. What vitamin does this preparation contain? Бiологiчнахiмiя
C
K
D
A
E
90 із 150
A man developed high plasma iron levels due to intensified hemolysis of erythrocytes. What plasma protein transports iron?
Transferrin
Interferon
Ceruloplasmin
Albumin
Histone
91 із 150
In case of hypovitaminosis of a certain vitamin, disturbed proliferation of epithelial and connective tissue can be observed. Patients with this type of hypovitaminosis usually present with impaired vision and spatial orientation. Name this vitamin:
Retinol
Cholecalciferol
Tocopherol
Riboflavin
Pyridoxine
92 із 150
Antihistamines are used in treatment of allergic responses, because histamine functions as an allergic response mediator. Name the amino acid from which histamine is produced:
Histidine
Glycine
Asparagine
Tyrosine
Alanine
93 із 150
Cholesterol synthesis inhibitors are used as antiatherosclerotic drugs. Select one such drug from the list:
Lovastatin
Sulfanilamide
Benzylpenicillin
Pancreatin
Chloramphenicol
94 із 150
Aspartame is used as a sweetener and in treatment of diabetes mellitus. What amino acid does it contain?
Aspartic acid
Glutamic acid
Valine
Leucine
Methionine
95 із 150
Hemoglobin break-up begins in the cells of reticuloendothelial system. What enzyme catalyzes the reduction reaction of biliverdine into bilirubin?
Biliverdine reductase
Beta-glucuronidase
Xanthine oxidase
Heme oxygenase
Hexokinase
96 із 150
grow in moderately humid conditions belong to the following ecological group:
Mesophytes
Hydrophytes
Hygrophytes
Xerophytes
Succulents
97 із 150
Among the trees of Fabaceae family there is an early-flowering melliferous plant with pinnately compound leaves, spine-shaped stipules, and white fragrant flowers arranged in hanging racemes. Name this plant:
Robinia pseudoacacia
Armeniaca vulgaris
Aesculus hippocastanum
Aronia melanocarpa
Quercus robur
98 із 150
Select a Brassicaceae family plant that contains glycosides similar in action to those obtained from foxglove:
Erysimum canescens
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
Urtica dioica
Polygonum aviculare
Primula officinalis
99 із 150
Among harvested plants there was Capsella bursa-pastoris, which can be characterized as follows:
Annual plant, basal leaves - pinnatisected or pinnatipartite, fruit - small triangular heart-shaped silique
Biennial plant, basal leaves - pinnatilobate, fruit - small round silique
Perennial plant, basal leaves - entire-kind, fruit - cylindric silique
Annual plant, basal leaves - compound, fruit - segmented silique
Biennial plant, basal leaves - membranous, fruit - small winged heart-shaped silique
100 із 150
Berberis vulgaris has spines that are modifications of:
Leaves
Stipules
Petioles
Stems
Rachises
101 із 150
In monocotyledonous plants metabolism end-products are often represented by multiple needle crystals of calcium oxalate arranged in clusters. Name these structures:
Raphides
Druses
Styloids
Twinned crystals
Crystalline sand
102 із 150
Name the male gametophyte of flowering plants:
Pollen grains
Carpel
Embryo sac
Ovule
Nucellus
103 із 150
A gastric tea contains small oval brown lignified cone-shaped plant parts up to 1.5 cm in length that can be identified as:
Aggregate fruits of alnus
Larch cones
Cypress cones
Berry-like juniper cones
Platycladus orientalis cones
104 із 150
A diagnostic feature important for correct identification of pine species is the number of needles on the short shoots (brachyblasts). Pinus sylvestris has the following number of needles on its short shoots:
2
5
3
8
Many
105 із 150
In pharmaceutical manufacturing, rutin and quercetin are obtained from the flowers of a certain Fabaceae family plant. Name this plant:
Styphnolobium japonicum
Robinia pseudoacacia
Caragana arborescens
Astragalus piletocladus
Acacia dealbata
106 із 150
A cough tea contains comminuted roots of a plant. The roots are colored bright yellow and taste sweet. They were identified as roots of the following plant:
Glycyrrhiza glabra
Althaea officinalis
Acorus calamus
Valeriana officinalis
Sanguisorba officinalis
107 із 150
Nuciform fruits include a certain type of one-seeded fruit that does not burst when ripe. Its base is enclosed in a cup-shaped cupule formed by the broad part of the peduncle to which the flower was attached. Name this type of fruit:
Acorn
Nut
Nutlet
Samara
Caryopsis
108 із 150
Plantago major inflorescence grows at the apex, its rachis is long, with sessile flowers. Name this type of inflorescence:
Spike
Panicle
Spadix
Capitulum
Thyrse
109 із 150
Upon examination of a flower it is determined to have one pistil made up of single free carpel. Therefore, this gynoecium can be identified as:
Monocarpous
Apocarpous
Lysicarpous
Paracarpous
Syncarpous
110 із 150
One of the important diagnostic features of garden sage and motherwort is their shape of corolla. Their flowers have the following type of corolla:
Bilabiate
Thimble-shaped
Funnelform
Pseudoligulate
Ligulate
111 із 150
Rhizome of an Asteraceae family species is polycephalous, succulent, has lysigenous cavities, accumulates inulin. Such underground organ is characterisic of:
Inula helenium
Hyoscyamus niger
Digitalis grandiflora
Sorbus aucuparia
Helianthus annuus
112 із 150
To obtain bacterial exotoxins, microorganisms are cultivated in a liquid nutrient medum, into which the toxins are being discharged. What method allows clearing the medium of microorganisms, so that only pure exotoxins will remain in the medium?
Filtration through bacterial filters
Boiling
Autoclaving
Ultraviolet irradiation
Application of disinfectants (Chloramine)
113 із 150
In the course of bacteriological examination of the feces of a patient with diarrhea, a pure culture of slightly curved bacilli was obtained. In the microslide these microorganisms were arranged in clusters resembling schools of fish. Cultivation in the alkaline medium (alkaline peptone water) in six hours resulted in formation of a bluetinged film. These features are characteristic of the following causative agent:
Vibrio cholerae
Colibacilli
Salmonellae
Spirochetes
Mycobacteria
114 із 150
One day after eating meatballs in the school canteen, several students came to the nurse’s office complaining of stomachache, vomiting, high body temperature, and diarrhea. One of the students was hospitalized in a severe condition. What microorganisms can be the cause of this food toxicoinfection?
Salmonellae
Streptococci
Clostridiae
Shigellae
Meningococci
115 із 150
For tetanus prevention a certain toxin is used. For 4 weeks this toxin is being neutralized with formaldehyde (0.4%) under the temperature of 39oC. Name the resulting preparation:
Anatoxin
Immunoglobulin
Antitoxic serum
Adjuvant
Inactivated vaccine
116 із 150
After examination the patient was diagnosed with tick-borne encephalitis. What route of transmission is characteristic of this disease?
Vector-borne transmission
Vertical transmission
Airborne droplet transmission
Fecal-oral transmission
Parenteral transmission
117 із 150
A chemotherapeutic agent has bactericidal effect against streptococci, staphylococci, bacilli, and clostridia. According to its action spectrum this drug belongs to the following group:
Broad spectrum antibacterial agents
Narrow spectrum antibacterial agents
Broad spectrum antifungal agents
Antiviral agents
Antituberculous agents
118 із 150
It is known, that HIV infection leads to severe immunologic disturbances in the body that result in the development of AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome). What cells of the human body are the most susceptible to HIV infection?
T helper cells
Hepatocytes
Suppressor T cells
Endotheliocytes
B lymphocytes
119 із 150
Microbe survival within environment is facilitated by spore formation. What genus of microorganisms can be characterized as spore formers:
Clostridium
Bacteroides
Staphylococcus
Peptococcus
Peptostreptococcus
120 із 150
To induce an artificially acquired active immunity, a three-month-oldchild was given orally a Sabin strain-based live cultural vaccine. This vaccine is used for prevention of:
Poliomyelitis
Tuberculosis
Measles
Rubella
Parotitis
121 із 150
After examination the child was diagnosed with scarlet fever. What microorganism is a causative agent of this disease?
Streptococcus
Staphylococcus
Meningococcus
Klebsiella
Actinomycete
122 із 150
A ready-made drug was inoculated on Sabouraud’s agar and incubated under 22oC for 5 days. This nutrient medium was used to determine the following:
Number of mold and yeast fungi
Total number of bacteria
Presence of E. coli
Presence of S. aureus
Presence of Salmonella
123 із 150
Seitz filters are widely used in laboratory practice. What is their purpose?
Sterilization by means of filtration
Disinfection of solutions
Measurement of water contamination
Growing of bacteriophages
Virus destruction
124 із 150
Thermolabile medicinal preparation for extemporal use was heated to 65oC thrice with intervals of one day between the heatings. What method of sterilization was used in this case?
Tyndallization
Pasteurization
Koch’s steam sterilization
Calcination
Filtration
125 із 150
Many serological reactions require strictly aseptic conditions. What method of sterilization is optimal for decontamination of laboratory glassware?
Dry heat
Tyndallization
Pasteurization
Filtration
Calcination
126 із 150
During microscopy of a smear made from the sputum sample and stained according to the Ziehl-Neelsen technique, the medical laboratory scientist detected bright red acid-fast bacilli arranged separately and in groups. What microorganisms were detected?
Micobacterium tuberculosis
Bacillus anthracis
Salmonella typhi
Staphylococcus aureus
Bordetella pertussis
127 із 150
Sanitary-microbiological assessment of water quality in the water supply system conducted by the sanitary-epidemiological station detected microorganisms indicative of fecal contamination of water. What microorganisms were detected?
Escherichia coli
Streptococcus agalactiae
Haemophilus influenzae
Neisseria sicca
Staphylococcus aureus
128 із 150
Air contamination with pathological microorganisms can be anticipated by the presence of indicator bacteria. Specify the bacteria that indicate immediate epidemiologic danger:
Hemolytic streptococci
Sarcinae
Mold fungi
Yeast fungi
Micrococci
129 із 150
It can be safely assumed that the infants born from the mothers with the history of measles will not be affected by the measles outbreak during their stay in the maternity ward. What classes of antibodies provide the infants with the resistance to this disease?
IgG
IgA
IgD
IgM
IgE
130 із 150
During a surgery, tubocurarin chloride was used as a muscle relaxant. What antagonist should the patient be given to restore spontaneous breathing?
Proserin (Neostigmine)
Dithylin (Suxamethonium)
Cytitone (Cytisine)
Aethimizole (Methylamide)
Benzohexonium (Hexamethonium)
131 із 150
A patient, who has been taking phenazepam for a month, came to the pharmacy. He insists that he needs to buy two more packages of this drug, because without it he feels unwell. The side-effect of this drug that can be observed in this patient is based on the development of:
Addiction
Idiosyncrasy
After-effect
Cumulation
Tolerance
132 із 150
Select the halogenated antiseptic that would be preferable for a child to pack in the first aid kit, when going to a summer camp:
Iodine alcoholic solution
Brilliant green
Copper sulfate
Methylene blue
Formaldehyde solution
133 із 150
A medical student needs to choose an adrenergic drug for treatment of anaphylactic shock. What would you recommend?
Adrenaline hydrochloride
Clophelin (Clonidine)
Galazolin (Xylometazoline)
Fenoterol
Izadrin (Isoprenaline)
134 із 150
What is the main mechanism of benzylpenicillin bactericidal action on the coccal flora?
Disturbed synthesis of microbial cell wall
Inhibition of protein synthesis
Disturbed cytoplasmic membrane permeability
Activation of macroorganism immune system
Increased phagocytic activity of leukocytes
135 із 150
What drug can quickly stop an angina pectoris attack, when taken sublingually?
Nitroglycerine
Digoxin
Amiodarone
Lisinopril
Corglycon
136 із 150
Name the ability of a drug to accumulate within the patient’s body:
Cumulation
Antagonism
Synergism
Habituation
Allergy
137 із 150
You work in the pharmacy located at the premises of the dermatovenerologic clinic. Consult an intern what antibiotic is a drug of choice for treatment of syphilis:
Benzylpenicillin sodium salt
Lincomycin hydrochloride
Levorin sodium salt
Streptomycin sulfate
Polymyxin M sulfate
138 із 150
A doctor has prescribed a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug to relieve inflammation and pain syndrome. Name this drug:
Diclofenac sodium
Glibenclamide
Loratadine
Prednisolone
Calcium chloride
139 із 150
What is the most common side-effect of inhaled corticosteroids?
Oropharyngeal candidiasis
Increased body mass
Osteoporosis
Subcapsular cataract
Arterial hypertension
140 із 150
Treatment with sodium bromide resulted in development of bromism in the patient: rhinitis, cough, conjunctivitis, and skin rashes. What should the patient be prescribed to treat this condition?
Sodium chloride
Potassium chloride
Sodium iodide
Calcium chloride
Sodium sulfate
141 із 150
A patient with allergic rhinitis was prescribed loratadine. This drug belongs to the following group of antiallergic agents:
H1-antagonists
H2-antagonists
Glucocorticoids
Membrane stabilizers
Leukotriene receptor antagonists
142 із 150
A patient suffers from intense cough with production of viscous sputum. What drug can thin the sputum and facilitate expectoration?
Acetylcysteine
Prenoxdiazine
Codeine phosphate
Glaucine
Butamirate
143 із 150
A patient with myocardial infarction was receiving heparin as a part of the complex therapy. With time the patient developed hematuria. What drug should be given as an antidote in this case?
Protamine sulfate
Aminocaproic acid
Vicasol (Menadione)
Fibrinogen
Neodicumarin
144 із 150
A patient with tracheitis was prescribed a centrally acting antitussive drug that does not depress respiration, causes no addiction, and lowers blood pressure. Name this drug:
Glaucine hydrochloride
Codeine phosphate
Morphine hydrochloride
Acetylcysteine
Prenoxdiazine
145 із 150
What drug is used for treatment of organophosphate poisoning?
Atropine sulfate
Aciclovir
Platyphylline
Metronidazole
Izoniazid
146 із 150
Select the drug with anti-herpesvirus activity that can be used for prevention and treatment of herpetic lesions on skin and mucosa:
Aciclovir
Nystatin
Atropine
Ranitidine
Rifampicin
147 із 150
Forced diuresis needs to be induced in a patient with acute medication poisoning. What drug must be used for this purpose?
Furosemide
Strophantin
Progesterone
Bisacodil
Diphenhydramine
148 із 150
Caffeine is one of the alkaloids contained in tea and coffee. Caffeine is contraindicated in case of:
Essential hypertension
Fatigue
Hypotension
Depression of nervous activity
Migraine
149 із 150
To quickly relieve the state of acute psychosis, the patient was prescribed a rapid/short-acting psychotropic drug. Name this drug:
Droperidol
Valerian extract
Piracetam
Amitriptyline
Caffeine and sodium benzoate
150 із 150
After ishemic stroke the patient was prescribed a drug to improve his intellectual functioning and memory. What drug should he obtain from the pharmacy?
Piracetam
Metoclopramide
Tabex (Cytisine)
Diphenin (Phenytoin)
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