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What titrimetric method of analysis requires the use of both external and internal indicators?
Argentometry
Alkalimetry
Complexometric titration
Nitritometry
Permanganatometry
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A solution contains calcium, barium, aluminium, potassium, and sodium cations. Into this solution a small amount of ammonium hydroxide and alizarin solution was added, which resulted in production of red precipitate. What ion was detected as the result of this reaction?
Potassium
Calcium
Barium
Sodium
Aluminium
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Select an indicator for argentometric determination of chloride ions using the Mohr method:
Potassium chromate
Methyl red
Diphenylcarbazone
Eosin
Fluorescein
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Quantitative determination of copper salts by means of photometric titration should be conducted according to the calibration graph that is built within the following coordinates:
Optical density - temperature
Optical density - wavelength
Optical density - concentration
Light absorption intensity - wavelength
Optical density - liquid layer thickness
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2M solution of HCl was added into the solution being studied, which resulted in formation of white precipitate that turned black when processed with ammonia solution. What cation is present in this solution?
Ba2+
Mg2+
Hg2+
Pb2+
Ag+
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What should be measured during quantitative determination of glucose by means of polarimetry?
Refractive index
Optical density of the solution
Absorption coefficient of a polarized light beam in the solution
Rotation angle of a polarized light beam
Light beam dispersion in the solution
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Concentration of ethyl alcohol in tinctures and some other dosage forms can be determined by means of refractometry. For this purpose the following should be measured:
Light beam refraction angle
Rotation angle of a light polarization plane
Light beam incidence angle
Angle of total internal reflection of a light beam
Solution refractive index
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Ammonium thiocyanate solution was added into the solution being studied. The resulting solution colored red. This analytical effect indicates the presence of the following cation:
Silver
Iron(III)
Lead(II)
Mercury(II)
Mercury(I)
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What reference electrode should be used for potentiometric determination in a solution that contains ammonia and sodium hydroxide?
Silver
Zinc
Platinum
Silver chloride
Glass
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When barium chloride solution was added into the solution being studied, it resulted in a white precipitate that was acidand alkali-insoluble, which indicates that this solution contains:
Iron(II) ions
Permanganate ions
Nitrate ions
Chloride ions
Sulfate ions
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What laboratory glassware is used in titrimetric methods of analysis to measure out a precise volume of a titrant?
Burette
Pipette
Volumetric flask
Measuring cylinder
Measuring glass
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Quantitative content of oxalic acid can be determined by means of permanganatometry. How to determine the equivalence point for this kind of titration?
With pH indicator
With redox indicator diphenylamine
When titrate changes its color after another drop of working solution is added
With adsorption indicator
With specific indicator
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Specify what method of redox titration requires the use of specific indicator - starch - to fix the end point:
Cerimetry
Nitritometry
Bromatometry
Iodometry
Permanganatometry
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To separate cations of the 6th analytical group from cations of the 5th analytical group (acid-base classification), the following is used:
Acetic acid solution
Excess ammonia solution
Silver nitrate solution
Excess sodium hydroxide solution
Excess sulfuric acid solution
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To determine mass-volume fraction of ammonia in a solution, the following solution should be used:
Sulfuric acid
Potassium permanganate
Sodium hydroxide
Iodine
Hydrochloric acid
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Pharmacopoeia reaction to determine benzoate ions requires interaction with the solution of:
Diphenylamine
Acetic anhydride
Iron(III) chloride
Resorcin
Potassium chloride
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What reference electrode can be used in potentiometric analysis of a medicinal substance?
Glass
Antimony
Silver chloride
Zinc
Quinhydrone
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Why is there no group reagent for the cations of the 1st analytical group (acid-base cassification)?
They can form soluble bases
They belong to biologically important elements
They have close ionic radii
They have large ionic radii
Most of their salts are water-soluble
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What working solutions (titrants) are used in Volhard method (precipitation titration)?
HClO4 and KOH
AgNO3 and NH4SCN
Na2S2O3 and K[I3]
KMnO4 and KBrO3
H2SO4 and NaOH
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The third analitycal group of cations (acid-base classification) includes Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+. What acid can function as a precipitator agent (group reagent) for these cations?
CH3COOH
HNO3
HCI
HCIO4
H2SO4
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Reaction of sodium ions with potassium hexahydroxoantimonate(V) in neutral medium produces precipitate. Specify the color of this precipitate:
Yellow
Red
Green
Blue
White
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Which compound of those listed below is a condensed arene?
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Specify the Wurtz reaction among those given below:
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Select the formula of diazonium salt:
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Salts and esters of oxalic acid are called:
Oxalates
Succinates
Adipates
Urates
Malonates
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What test is used for identification of uric acid and other compounds with purine nucleus?
Silver mirror reaction
Murexide reaction
Lucas reagent
Fehling reagent
Copper mirror reaction
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Select the compound with both pyrrole and pyridine nitrogen atoms from those given below:
Pyrimidine
2-Aminopyridine
Pteridine
Theophylline
Pyridazine
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What reagent allows distinguishing between maltose (a reducing disaccharide) and sucrose (a non-reducing disaccharide)?
Br2
FeCl3
NaOH
K4[Fe(CN6)]
Tollens reagent
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Specify the name of the alkene given below according to the IUPAC substitutive nomenclature:
4-Ethyl-2-methyl-3-pentene
2,4-Dimethyl-2-hexene
4-Ethyl-2-methyl-2-pentene
2-Ethyl-4-methyl-3-pentene
3,5-Dimethyl-4-hexene
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Cellulose hydrolysis produces the following disaccharide:
Sucrose
Glucose
Lactose
Cellobiose
Maltose
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Transformation C2H4 (alkene) −→ C2H6 (alkane) occurs during the following reaction:
Hydration
Hydrogenation
Dehydrogenation
Dehydration
Dimerization
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What type of bonds participates in creation of both linear and cyclic carboxylic acid associates in the form of dimers?
Donor-acceptor bonds
Nonpolar covalent bonds
Ionic bonds
Hydrogen bonds
Polar covalent bonds
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The end-productof heating bromoethane with aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide is:?
Diethyl ether
Ethanoic acid
Ethanol
Ethane
Ethene
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Name the product of starch hydrolysis:
Galactose
Glucose
Mannose
Ribose
Fructose
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What is the formula of salicylic acid?
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Which of the compounds given below is an aromatic one?
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Which of the listed monosaccharides is a ketose?
Galactose
Glucose
Ribose
Fructose
Mannose
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Fructose is a monosaccharide, glucose isomer. In medicine it is used in treatment of hepatic disorders and as a part of special diets. Which formula corresponds with Dfructose?
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Dibazol (Bendazol) is a hypotensive antispasmodic drug. Its mechanism of action is based on its ability to block phosphodiesterase type 4 enzyme activity. This drug contains the following heterocyclic compound:
Pyrimidine
Pyridine
Benzimidazole
Thiazole
Benzene
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Which formula corresponds with β-D-glucopyranose?
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What compound is synthesized by means of beta-picoline oxidation?
Uric acid
Barbituric acid
Ascorbic acid
Nicotinic acid
Benzoic acid
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What compound will be produced as the result of toluene chlorination in the presence of FeCl3 catalyst?
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What value determines the degree of influence that foreign ions have on the potential of an ion-selective electrode?
Diffusion coefficient
Activity coefficient
Electrical conductivity coefficient
Selectivity coefficient
Osmotic coefficient
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Name the process of spontaneous adhesion of drops in an emulsion to each other:
Flocculation
Flotation
Sedimentation
Coalescence
Coagulation
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Enzymes are widely used as drugs in pharmacy. What is the main difference that separates enzymes from non-biological catalysts?
High dispersion
High universality
High homogeneity
High specificity and selectivity
Low universality
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Name the structural unit of a colloidal solution of a medicinal substance:
Micelle
Atom
Ion
Molecule
Zwitterion
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Surfactants and high-molecular compounds are added into concentrated emulsions to stabilize them. These substances are:
Solvents
Catalysts
Activators
Emulsifiers
Absorbents
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Specify the order of acetone breakdown reaction:
CH3COCH3 = C2H4 + H2 + CO
Second
Fractional
First
Third
Zero
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What two methods of obtaining a disperse system can be characterized as physical condensation?
Chemical condensation and peptization
Ultrafiltration and vapour condensation
Dispergation and peptization
Ultrafiltration and peptization
Vapour condensation and solvent substitution
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If in the process of molecular adsorption the solute is being adsorbed more than the solvent, then the following occurs:
Ion adsorption
Negative adsorption
Selective adsorption
No adsorption
Positive adsorption
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What device is used to measure surface tension of a liquid?
Calorimeter
Areometer
Nephelometer
Stalagmometer
Viscometer
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Sedimentation is characteristic of the following systems:
Solutions of high-molecular compounds
Foams
Suspensions
Electrolyte solutions
Nonelectrolyte solutions
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Under certain conditions, solutions of high-molecular substances can lose their flowability, meaning that the bonds begin to form between macromolecules, leading to the formation of a spatial grid. Name this process:
Peptization
Condensation
Gel formation
Coacervation
Coagulation
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Collagen, gelatin, keratin, and myosin are the proteins that are formed with peptide bonds and resemble long threads in shape. Name this type of proteins:
Structured proteins
Fibrillar proteins
Chain proteins
-
Globular proteins
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Name the ability of high-molecular compounds to prevent precipitation of lyophobic sols and deposition of cholesterol plaques on the vessel walls:
Coacervation
Colloid protection
Coagulation
Sedimentation
Thixotropy
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Saline solution with 0.9% of NaCl in relation to blood serum can be characterized as:
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
-
Colloidal
Isotonic
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Helmholtz energy is a direction criterion of a spontaneous process at a constant:
Temperature and pressure
Entropy and pressure
Entropy and volume
Internal energy and volume
Temperature and volume
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Name the process of removing one or several substances from a complex system by means of a selective solvent:
Dispersion
Condensation
Crystallization
Evaporation
Extraction
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In medical and pharmaceutical practice the phenomena of adsorption, wetting, and adhesion are regularly observed. Name this group of phenomena:
Optical phenomena
Surface phenomena
Molecular-kinetic phenomena
Physico-chemical phenomena
Electrokinetic phenomena
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I.I.Mechnikov, when studying inflammatory process, described a certain order that is characteristic of leukocyte migration to the inflammation focus. The cells emigrate to the focus in the following order:
Monocytes, neutrophilic granulocytes, lymphocytes
Monocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophilic granulocytes
Neutrophilic granulocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes
Neutrophilic granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes
Lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophilic granulocytes
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A patient has developed anuria. Blood pressure is 50/20 mm Hg. What process of uropoiesis caused acute decrease of urination?
Glomerular filtration
Facultative reabsorption
Obligatory reabsorption
-
Tubular secretion
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During lancing an abscess in the oral cavity, it produces a yellow-green discharge. What cells are always present and predominant in the purulent exudate?
Lymphocytes
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Erythrocytes
Basophils
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People, who were in the building during a fire, suffer from carbon monoxide poisoning. What type of hypoxia can be observed in this case?
Hemic
Hypoxic
Respiratory
Circulatory
Tissue
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A 42-year-old patient presents with skin pallor, weakness, and enlarged lymph nodes. In peripheral blood: leukocytosis, no intermediate forms of leukocytes
(”leukemic hiatus”), accelerated ESR. What disease can be suspected in this case?
Chronic leukemia
Erythromyelosis
Leukemoid reaction
Neutrophilic leukocytosis
Acute leukemia
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To reproduce Ehrlich carcinoma in a rabbit, a certain amount of benzpyrene (a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) was daily applied to a dehaired patch of skin of the animal. What method is used for tumor modelling in this case?
Hormone administration
Induction
Ionizing radiation
Explantation
Transplantation
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After a surgery the patient presented with a severe pain syndrome. What change in the patient’s hormonal status is most likely in this case?
Decreased ACTH production
Increased catecholamine production
Insulin hypersecretion
Decreased production of mineralocorticoids
Decreased production of glucocorticoids
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A 9-year-old child due to acute bronchitis developed elevated body temperature up to 38.5oC that lasted for a week and was then followed by a drop in the temperature down to 37.0oC. What mechanism is leading at the 3rd stage of fever?
Increased respiration rate
Increased heat production
Peripheral vasodilation
Development of chills
Increased diuresis
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One hour after a child took polyvitamins in the dosage form of a syrup, the child developed a markedly itching urticaria-type rash all over the body. What type of allergic response can be characterized by this sign?
Anaphylactic
Autoallergic
Delayed-type hypersensitivity
Cytotoxic
Immune complex
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A patient develops prolonged hemorrhages and hemorrhages into the muscles and joints as a result of any microtraumas. In the blood there is a deficiency of the VIII plasma factor of blood coagulation. What disease of blood system is observed in this patient?
Hemophilia A
Thrombocytopenic purpura
B12 and folate deficiency anemia
Vaquez disease (polycythemia vera)
Iron-deficiency anemia
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A man received a radiation dose of 30 Gy. He presents with necrotic angina, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Blood tests revealed anemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. What stage of acute radiation sickness is observed in the patient?
Latent stage
Manifest illness stage
Prodromal stage
Recovery
-
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A 54-year-old man requested a pharmacist’s advice on drug prescription. The patient has 4-year-long history of chronic glomerulonephritis and 2-year-long history of persistent hypertension. What substance synthesized in the kidneys has important role in development of arterial hypertension?
Histamine
Renin
Nitric oxide
Aldosterone
Catecholamines
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Examination of a 45-year-old man, who for a long time kept to a vegetarian plantbased diet, revealed him to have negative nitrogen balance. What peculiarity of his diet has caused such developments?
Insufficient fat content
Insufficient vitamin content
Excessive carbohydrate content
Excessive water content
Insufficient protein content
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A 23-year-old man came to the infectious diseases department with complaints of abdominal distension and diarrhea. He was diagnosed with lambliasis. What type of leukocytosis is characteristic of this disease?
Neutrophilic
Monocytic
Lymphocytic
Eosinophilic
Basophilic
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What is the mechanism of indirect action of ionizing radiation on cells?
Damage to the cytoplasmic membrane
Activation of protein biosynthesis
Swelling of organelles
Chromosome rupture
Formation of large amount of free radicals
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A couple came to the genetic consultation for their newborn child to be examined. Karyotype test detects an additional chromosome in the 21 pair. What diagnosis can be made?
Edwards syndrome
Turner syndrome
Klinefelter syndrome
Patau syndrome
Down syndrome
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After a physical exertion a person develops extra (premature) cardiac contractions. What type of arrhythmia is it?
Ventricular fibrillation
Extrasystole
Sinus bradycardia
Paroxysmal tachycardia
Sinus tachycardia
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A 55-year-old man came to a doctor with complaints of acute pain in his big toes. Meat and wine are always present in his diet. The doctor suspects gout. What substance must be measured in the patient’s blood to confirm this diagnosis?
Urea
Bilirubin
Ketone bodies
Uric acid
Lactate
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suffers from diarrhea, dermatitis, and dementia. What vitamin is likely to be deficient in this patient, causing the patient’s condition?
Nicotinic acid
Vitamin D
Vitamin K
Retinol
Tocopherol
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An unconscious patient was brought into the intensive care unit. Acetone breath, acute hyperglycemia, and ketonemia are detected. What complication of diabetes mellitus occurred in this case?
Nephritis
Diabetic coma
Cataract
Acute acetone poisoning
Hypoglycemic coma
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Serum total protein is one of metabolic indicators. What reaction is usually used in clinical laboratories to measure this value?
Nitroprusside
Ninhydrin
Xanthoproteic
Biuret
Fohl
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Thyroid gland produces a hormone that regulates Ca2+ levels in blood, which facilitates mineralization of bone tissue. What hormone has such an effect?
Dopamine
Triiodothyronine
Thyroxin
Adrenaline
Thyrocalcitonin
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A patient is diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. For diagnostic purpose it is necessary to measure the activity of the following enzyme in the patient’s blood:
Amylase
Pepsin
LDH
Aldolase
Creatine kinase
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What enzyme allows for synthesis of various genes from template-RNA to DNA in genetic engineering (this enzyme catalyzes the process discovered in RNAviruses)?
Reverse transcriptase
DNA-ligase
Endonuclease
Helicase
Exonuclease
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Primary structure of nucleic acids is a polynucleotide chain that has a certain composition and order of the nucleotides. What bonds stabilize this structure?
Disulfide
Peptide
-phosphodiester
Glycosidic
Amide
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Gout develops when purine nucleotide metabolism is disturbed. A doctor prescribed the patient allopurinol that is a competitive inhibitor of:
Alcohol dehydrogenase
Xanthine oxidase
Hexokinase
Succinate dehydrogenase
Lactate dehydrogenase
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Cocarboxylase is used in medicine as a pharmaceutical preparation for treatment of myocardial dystrophy and conditions that affect muscles and peripheral CNS. What vitamin is a component of this preparation?
C
B1
B6
B12
B2
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A patient complains of polyuria. Urine test detects no pathologic components, but urine specific gravity is abnormally low. What hormone secretion is likely to be disturbed in this patient?
Insulin
Thyrotropin
Vasopressin
Somatotropin
Cortisol
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A patient with hyperproduction of thyroid hormones has been prescribed Merkazolilum. This drug inhibits the following enzyme participating in iodothyronine synthesis:
Iodide peroxidase
Reductase
Aminotransferase
Aromatase
Decarboxylase
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Ascorutin vitamin preparation is used for treatment of bleeding gums and punctate hemorrhages. What vitamin does this preparation contain?
Бiологiчнахiмiя
D
C
K
A
E
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A man developed high plasma iron levels due to intensified hemolysis of erythrocytes. What plasma protein transports iron?
Albumin
Interferon
Transferrin
Ceruloplasmin
Histone
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In case of hypovitaminosis of a certain vitamin, disturbed proliferation of epithelial and connective tissue can be observed. Patients with this type of hypovitaminosis usually present with impaired vision and spatial orientation. Name this vitamin:
Retinol
Riboflavin
Cholecalciferol
Tocopherol
Pyridoxine
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Antihistamines are used in treatment of allergic responses, because histamine functions as an allergic response mediator. Name the amino acid from which histamine is produced:
Asparagine
Glycine
Tyrosine
Histidine
Alanine
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Cholesterol synthesis inhibitors are used as antiatherosclerotic drugs. Select one such drug from the list:
Pancreatin
Sulfanilamide
Benzylpenicillin
Chloramphenicol
Lovastatin
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Aspartame is used as a sweetener and in treatment of diabetes mellitus. What amino acid does it contain?
Aspartic acid
Leucine
Methionine
Valine
Glutamic acid
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Hemoglobin break-up begins in the cells of reticuloendothelial system. What enzyme catalyzes the reduction reaction of biliverdine into bilirubin?
Biliverdine reductase
Beta-glucuronidase
Heme oxygenase
Xanthine oxidase
Hexokinase
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grow in moderately humid conditions belong to the following ecological group:
Succulents
Hydrophytes
Mesophytes
Xerophytes
Hygrophytes
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Among the trees of Fabaceae family there is an early-flowering melliferous plant with pinnately compound leaves, spine-shaped stipules, and white fragrant flowers arranged in hanging racemes. Name this plant:
Quercus robur
Armeniaca vulgaris
Aesculus hippocastanum
Robinia pseudoacacia
Aronia melanocarpa
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Select a Brassicaceae family plant that contains glycosides similar in action to those obtained from foxglove:
Polygonum aviculare
Urtica dioica
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
Erysimum canescens
Primula officinalis
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Among harvested plants there was Capsella bursa-pastoris, which can be characterized as follows:
Biennial plant, basal leaves - pinnatilobate, fruit - small round silique
Biennial plant, basal leaves - membranous, fruit - small winged heart-shaped silique
Annual plant, basal leaves - pinnatisected or pinnatipartite, fruit - small triangular heart-shaped silique
Perennial plant, basal leaves - entire-kind, fruit - cylindric silique
Annual plant, basal leaves - compound, fruit - segmented silique
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Berberis vulgaris has spines that are modifications of:
Rachises
Stems
Stipules
Leaves
Petioles
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In monocotyledonous plants metabolism end-products are often represented by multiple needle crystals of calcium oxalate arranged in clusters. Name these structures:
Raphides
Crystalline sand
Styloids
Twinned crystals
Druses
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Name the male gametophyte of flowering plants:
Carpel
Ovule
Embryo sac
Nucellus
Pollen grains
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A gastric tea contains small oval brown lignified cone-shaped plant parts up to 1.5 cm in length that can be identified as:
Berry-like juniper cones
Platycladus orientalis cones
Aggregate fruits of alnus
Larch cones
Cypress cones
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A diagnostic feature important for correct identification of pine species is the number of needles on the short shoots (brachyblasts). Pinus sylvestris has the following number of needles on its short shoots:
Many
2
5
3
8
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In pharmaceutical manufacturing, rutin and quercetin are obtained from the flowers of a certain Fabaceae family plant. Name this plant:
Styphnolobium japonicum
Astragalus piletocladus
Caragana arborescens
Acacia dealbata
Robinia pseudoacacia
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A cough tea contains comminuted roots of a plant. The roots are colored bright yellow and taste sweet. They were identified as roots of the following plant:
Acorus calamus
Glycyrrhiza glabra
Althaea officinalis
Sanguisorba officinalis
Valeriana officinalis
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Nuciform fruits include a certain type of one-seeded fruit that does not burst when ripe. Its base is enclosed in a cup-shaped cupule formed by the broad part of the peduncle to which the flower was attached. Name this type of fruit:
Samara
Nut
Caryopsis
Acorn
Nutlet
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Plantago major inflorescence grows at the apex, its rachis is long, with sessile flowers. Name this type of inflorescence:
Spike
Capitulum
Spadix
Panicle
Thyrse
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Upon examination of a flower it is determined to have one pistil made up of single free carpel. Therefore, this gynoecium can be identified as:
Monocarpous
Lysicarpous
Apocarpous
Paracarpous
Syncarpous
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One of the important diagnostic features of garden sage and motherwort is their shape of corolla. Their flowers have the following type of corolla:
Ligulate
Funnelform
Bilabiate
Pseudoligulate
Thimble-shaped
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Rhizome of an Asteraceae family species is polycephalous, succulent, has lysigenous cavities, accumulates inulin. Such underground organ is characterisic of:
Inula helenium
Hyoscyamus niger
Helianthus annuus
Digitalis grandiflora
Sorbus aucuparia
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To obtain bacterial exotoxins, microorganisms are cultivated in a liquid nutrient medum, into which the toxins are being discharged. What method allows clearing the medium of microorganisms, so that only pure exotoxins will remain in the medium?
Boiling
Application of disinfectants (Chloramine)
Ultraviolet irradiation
Autoclaving
Filtration through bacterial filters
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In the course of bacteriological examination of the feces of a patient with diarrhea, a pure culture of slightly curved bacilli was obtained. In the microslide these microorganisms were arranged in clusters resembling schools of fish. Cultivation in the alkaline medium (alkaline peptone water) in six hours resulted in formation of a bluetinged film. These features are characteristic of the following causative agent:
Spirochetes
Vibrio cholerae
Mycobacteria
Salmonellae
Colibacilli
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One day after eating meatballs in the school canteen, several students came to the nurse’s office complaining of stomachache, vomiting, high body temperature, and diarrhea. One of the students was hospitalized in a severe condition. What microorganisms can be the cause of this food toxicoinfection?
Meningococci
Shigellae
Salmonellae
Clostridiae
Streptococci
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For tetanus prevention a certain toxin is used. For 4 weeks this toxin is being neutralized with formaldehyde (0.4%) under the temperature of 39oC. Name the resulting preparation:
Immunoglobulin
Antitoxic serum
Anatoxin
Adjuvant
Inactivated vaccine
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After examination the patient was diagnosed with tick-borne encephalitis. What route of transmission is characteristic of this disease?
Parenteral transmission
Vector-borne transmission
Vertical transmission
Airborne droplet transmission
Fecal-oral transmission
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A chemotherapeutic agent has bactericidal effect against streptococci, staphylococci, bacilli, and clostridia. According to its action spectrum this drug belongs to the following group:
Antituberculous agents
Antiviral agents
Broad spectrum antibacterial agents
Narrow spectrum antibacterial agents
Broad spectrum antifungal agents
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It is known, that HIV infection leads to severe immunologic disturbances in the body that result in the development of AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome). What cells of the human body are the most susceptible to HIV infection?
Endotheliocytes
T helper cells
B lymphocytes
Hepatocytes
Suppressor T cells
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Microbe survival within environment is facilitated by spore formation. What genus of microorganisms can be characterized as spore formers:
Clostridium
Peptococcus
Peptostreptococcus
Bacteroides
Staphylococcus
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To induce an artificially acquired active immunity, a three-month-oldchild was given orally a Sabin strain-based live cultural vaccine. This vaccine is used for prevention of:
Rubella
Tuberculosis
Parotitis
Measles
Poliomyelitis
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After examination the child was diagnosed with scarlet fever. What microorganism is a causative agent of this disease?
Actinomycete
Klebsiella
Meningococcus
Streptococcus
Staphylococcus
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A ready-made drug was inoculated on Sabouraud’s agar and incubated under 22oC for 5 days. This nutrient medium was used to determine the following:
Total number of bacteria
Presence of E. coli
Presence of S. aureus
Number of mold and yeast fungi
Presence of Salmonella
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Seitz filters are widely used in laboratory practice. What is their purpose?
Virus destruction
Disinfection of solutions
Measurement of water contamination
Sterilization by means of filtration
Growing of bacteriophages
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Thermolabile medicinal preparation for extemporal use was heated to 65oC thrice with intervals of one day between the heatings. What method of sterilization was used in this case?
Tyndallization
Calcination
Filtration
Pasteurization
Koch’s steam sterilization
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Many serological reactions require strictly aseptic conditions. What method of sterilization is optimal for decontamination of laboratory glassware?
Calcination
Filtration
Tyndallization
Pasteurization
Dry heat
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During microscopy of a smear made from the sputum sample and stained according to the Ziehl-Neelsen technique, the medical laboratory scientist detected bright red acid-fast bacilli arranged separately and in groups. What microorganisms were detected?
Bordetella pertussis
Bacillus anthracis
Micobacterium tuberculosis
Staphylococcus aureus
Salmonella typhi
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Sanitary-microbiological assessment of water quality in the water supply system conducted by the sanitary-epidemiological station detected microorganisms indicative of fecal contamination of water. What microorganisms were detected?
Haemophilus influenzae
Streptococcus agalactiae
Staphylococcus aureus
Neisseria sicca
Escherichia coli
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Air contamination with pathological microorganisms can be anticipated by the presence of indicator bacteria. Specify the bacteria that indicate immediate epidemiologic danger:
Yeast fungi
Sarcinae
Mold fungi
Hemolytic streptococci
Micrococci
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It can be safely assumed that the infants born from the mothers with the history of measles will not be affected by the measles outbreak during their stay in the maternity ward. What classes of antibodies provide the infants with the resistance to this disease?
IgE
IgD
IgA
IgM
IgG
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During a surgery, tubocurarin chloride was used as a muscle relaxant. What antagonist should the patient be given to restore spontaneous breathing?
Benzohexonium (Hexamethonium)
Dithylin (Suxamethonium)
Proserin (Neostigmine)
Aethimizole (Methylamide)
Cytitone (Cytisine)
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A patient, who has been taking phenazepam for a month, came to the pharmacy. He insists that he needs to buy two more packages of this drug, because without it he feels unwell. The side-effect of this drug that can be observed in this patient is based on the development of:
Tolerance
After-effect
Cumulation
Idiosyncrasy
Addiction
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Select the halogenated antiseptic that would be preferable for a child to pack in the first aid kit, when going to a summer camp:
Formaldehyde solution
Copper sulfate
Methylene blue
Brilliant green
Iodine alcoholic solution
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A medical student needs to choose an adrenergic drug for treatment of anaphylactic shock. What would you recommend?
Adrenaline hydrochloride
Clophelin (Clonidine)
Fenoterol
Izadrin (Isoprenaline)
Galazolin (Xylometazoline)
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What is the main mechanism of benzylpenicillin bactericidal action on the coccal flora?
Increased phagocytic activity of leukocytes
Disturbed cytoplasmic membrane permeability
Disturbed synthesis of microbial cell wall
Activation of macroorganism immune system
Inhibition of protein synthesis
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What drug can quickly stop an angina pectoris attack, when taken sublingually?
Amiodarone
Nitroglycerine
Lisinopril
Digoxin
Corglycon
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Name the ability of a drug to accumulate within the patient’s body:
Cumulation
Allergy
Antagonism
Habituation
Synergism
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You work in the pharmacy located at the premises of the dermatovenerologic clinic. Consult an intern what antibiotic is a drug of choice for treatment of syphilis:
Lincomycin hydrochloride
Polymyxin M sulfate
Streptomycin sulfate
Levorin sodium salt
Benzylpenicillin sodium salt
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A doctor has prescribed a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug to relieve inflammation and pain syndrome. Name this drug:
Calcium chloride
Glibenclamide
Loratadine
Prednisolone
Diclofenac sodium
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What is the most common side-effect of inhaled corticosteroids?
Subcapsular cataract
Oropharyngeal candidiasis
Increased body mass
Arterial hypertension
Osteoporosis
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Treatment with sodium bromide resulted in development of bromism in the patient: rhinitis, cough, conjunctivitis, and skin rashes. What should the patient be prescribed to treat this condition?
Potassium chloride
Sodium sulfate
Sodium iodide
Calcium chloride
Sodium chloride
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A patient with allergic rhinitis was prescribed loratadine. This drug belongs to the following group of antiallergic agents:
H1-antagonists
Glucocorticoids
Leukotriene receptor antagonists
Membrane stabilizers
H2-antagonists
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A patient suffers from intense cough with production of viscous sputum. What drug can thin the sputum and facilitate expectoration?
Glaucine
Codeine phosphate
Prenoxdiazine
Acetylcysteine
Butamirate
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A patient with myocardial infarction was receiving heparin as a part of the complex therapy. With time the patient developed hematuria. What drug should be given as an antidote in this case?
Vicasol (Menadione)
Fibrinogen
Aminocaproic acid
Protamine sulfate
Neodicumarin
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A patient with tracheitis was prescribed a centrally acting antitussive drug that does not depress respiration, causes no addiction, and lowers blood pressure. Name this drug:
Acetylcysteine
Morphine hydrochloride
Codeine phosphate
Prenoxdiazine
Glaucine hydrochloride
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What drug is used for treatment of organophosphate poisoning?
Aciclovir
Atropine sulfate
Platyphylline
Metronidazole
Izoniazid
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Select the drug with anti-herpesvirus activity that can be used for prevention and treatment of herpetic lesions on skin and mucosa:
Ranitidine
Aciclovir
Rifampicin
Atropine
Nystatin
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Forced diuresis needs to be induced in a patient with acute medication poisoning. What drug must be used for this purpose?
Diphenhydramine
Furosemide
Progesterone
Strophantin
Bisacodil
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Caffeine is one of the alkaloids contained in tea and coffee. Caffeine is contraindicated in case of:
Depression of nervous activity
Hypotension
Migraine
Fatigue
Essential hypertension
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To quickly relieve the state of acute psychosis, the patient was prescribed a rapid/short-acting psychotropic drug. Name this drug:
Caffeine and sodium benzoate
Amitriptyline
Piracetam
Valerian extract
Droperidol
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After ishemic stroke the patient was prescribed a drug to improve his intellectual functioning and memory. What drug should he obtain from the pharmacy?
Metoclopramide
Tabex (Cytisine)
-
Piracetam
Diphenin (Phenytoin)
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