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What titrimetric method of analysis requires the use of both external and internal indicators?
Nitritometry
Alkalimetry
Complexometric titration
Permanganatometry
Argentometry
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A solution contains calcium, barium, aluminium, potassium, and sodium cations. Into this solution a small amount of ammonium hydroxide and alizarin solution was added, which resulted in production of red precipitate. What ion was detected as the result of this reaction?
Calcium
Barium
Potassium
Aluminium
Sodium
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Select an indicator for argentometric determination of chloride ions using the Mohr method:
Methyl red
Diphenylcarbazone
Potassium chromate
Fluorescein
Eosin
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Quantitative determination of copper salts by means of photometric titration should be conducted according to the calibration graph that is built within the following coordinates:
Optical density - liquid layer thickness
Light absorption intensity - wavelength
Optical density - temperature
Optical density - wavelength
Optical density - concentration
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2M solution of HCl was added into the solution being studied, which resulted in formation of white precipitate that turned black when processed with ammonia solution. What cation is present in this solution?
Hg2+
Pb2+
Ba2+
Ag+
Mg2+
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What should be measured during quantitative determination of glucose by means of polarimetry?
Light beam dispersion in the solution
Refractive index
Rotation angle of a polarized light beam
Optical density of the solution
Absorption coefficient of a polarized light beam in the solution
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Concentration of ethyl alcohol in tinctures and some other dosage forms can be determined by means of refractometry. For this purpose the following should be measured:
Rotation angle of a light polarization plane
Light beam incidence angle
Angle of total internal reflection of a light beam
Solution refractive index
Light beam refraction angle
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Ammonium thiocyanate solution was added into the solution being studied. The resulting solution colored red. This analytical effect indicates the presence of the following cation:
Silver
Mercury(I)
Lead(II)
Iron(III)
Mercury(II)
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What reference electrode should be used for potentiometric determination in a solution that contains ammonia and sodium hydroxide?
Platinum
Glass
Zinc
Silver
Silver chloride
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When barium chloride solution was added into the solution being studied, it resulted in a white precipitate that was acidand alkali-insoluble, which indicates that this solution contains:
Permanganate ions
Iron(II) ions
Sulfate ions
Chloride ions
Nitrate ions
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What laboratory glassware is used in titrimetric methods of analysis to measure out a precise volume of a titrant?
Volumetric flask
Measuring cylinder
Pipette
Burette
Measuring glass
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Quantitative content of oxalic acid can be determined by means of permanganatometry. How to determine the equivalence point for this kind of titration?
With adsorption indicator
With specific indicator
With redox indicator diphenylamine
When titrate changes its color after another drop of working solution is added
With pH indicator
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Specify what method of redox titration requires the use of specific indicator - starch - to fix the end point:
Bromatometry
Cerimetry
Nitritometry
Iodometry
Permanganatometry
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To separate cations of the 6th analytical group from cations of the 5th analytical group (acid-base classification), the following is used:
Excess ammonia solution
Excess sodium hydroxide solution
Acetic acid solution
Excess sulfuric acid solution
Silver nitrate solution
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To determine mass-volume fraction of ammonia in a solution, the following solution should be used:
Sodium hydroxide
Sulfuric acid
Hydrochloric acid
Iodine
Potassium permanganate
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Pharmacopoeia reaction to determine benzoate ions requires interaction with the solution of:
Acetic anhydride
Potassium chloride
Resorcin
Diphenylamine
Iron(III) chloride
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What reference electrode can be used in potentiometric analysis of a medicinal substance?
Glass
Silver chloride
Quinhydrone
Zinc
Antimony
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Why is there no group reagent for the cations of the 1st analytical group (acid-base cassification)?
They belong to biologically important elements
They can form soluble bases
They have large ionic radii
Most of their salts are water-soluble
They have close ionic radii
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What working solutions (titrants) are used in Volhard method (precipitation titration)?
Na2S2O3 and K[I3]
H2SO4 and NaOH
HClO4 and KOH
KMnO4 and KBrO3
AgNO3 and NH4SCN
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The third analitycal group of cations (acid-base classification) includes Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+. What acid can function as a precipitator agent (group reagent) for these cations?
HCI
HCIO4
HNO3
H2SO4
CH3COOH
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Reaction of sodium ions with potassium hexahydroxoantimonate(V) in neutral medium produces precipitate. Specify the color of this precipitate:
White
Blue
Red
Yellow
Green
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Which compound of those listed below is a condensed arene?
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Specify the Wurtz reaction among those given below:
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Select the formula of diazonium salt:
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Salts and esters of oxalic acid are called:
Succinates
Urates
Malonates
+Oxalates
Adipates
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What test is used for identification of uric acid and other compounds with purine nucleus?
Murexide reaction
Copper mirror reaction
Fehling reagent
Lucas reagent
Silver mirror reaction
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Select the compound with both pyrrole and pyridine nitrogen atoms from those given below:
Theophylline
2-Aminopyridine
Pteridine
Pyridazine
Pyrimidine
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What reagent allows distinguishing between maltose (a reducing disaccharide) and sucrose (a non-reducing disaccharide)?
K4[Fe(CN6)]
FeCl3
Br2
NaOH
Tollens reagent
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Specify the name of the alkene given below according to the IUPAC substitutive nomenclature:
2-Ethyl-4-methyl-3-pentene
3,5-Dimethyl-4-hexene
2,4-Dimethyl-2-hexene
4-Ethyl-2-methyl-3-pentene
4-Ethyl-2-methyl-2-pentene
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Cellulose hydrolysis produces the following disaccharide:
Cellobiose
Glucose
Lactose
Maltose
Sucrose
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Transformation C2H4 (alkene) −→ C2H6 (alkane) occurs during the following reaction:
Hydration
Dimerization
Dehydration
Dehydrogenation
Hydrogenation
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What type of bonds participates in creation of both linear and cyclic carboxylic acid associates in the form of dimers?
Nonpolar covalent bonds
Ionic bonds
Polar covalent bonds
Donor-acceptor bonds
Hydrogen bonds
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The end-productof heating bromoethane with aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide is:?
Ethanoic acid
Ethane
Ethanol
Diethyl ether
Ethene
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Name the product of starch hydrolysis:
Glucose
Mannose
Galactose
Ribose
Fructose
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What is the formula of salicylic acid?
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Which of the compounds given below is an aromatic one?
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Which of the listed monosaccharides is a ketose?
Galactose
Fructose
Ribose
Glucose
Mannose
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Fructose is a monosaccharide, glucose isomer. In medicine it is used in treatment of hepatic disorders and as a part of special diets. Which formula corresponds with Dfructose?
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Dibazol (Bendazol) is a hypotensive antispasmodic drug. Its mechanism of action is based on its ability to block phosphodiesterase type 4 enzyme activity. This drug contains the following heterocyclic compound:
Pyrimidine
Benzene
Thiazole
Benzimidazole
Pyridine
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Which formula corresponds with β-D-glucopyranose?
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What compound is synthesized by means of beta-picoline oxidation?
Barbituric acid
Uric acid
Nicotinic acid
Benzoic acid
Ascorbic acid
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What compound will be produced as the result of toluene chlorination in the presence of FeCl3 catalyst?
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What value determines the degree of influence that foreign ions have on the potential of an ion-selective electrode?
Selectivity coefficient
Activity coefficient
Electrical conductivity coefficient
Osmotic coefficient
Diffusion coefficient
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Name the process of spontaneous adhesion of drops in an emulsion to each other:
Flocculation
Coalescence
Sedimentation
Coagulation
Flotation
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Enzymes are widely used as drugs in pharmacy. What is the main difference that separates enzymes from non-biological catalysts?
High dispersion
High universality
Low universality
High specificity and selectivity
High homogeneity
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Name the structural unit of a colloidal solution of a medicinal substance:
Ion
Zwitterion
Micelle
Atom
Molecule
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Surfactants and high-molecular compounds are added into concentrated emulsions to stabilize them. These substances are:
Absorbents
Emulsifiers
Catalysts
Activators
Solvents
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Specify the order of acetone breakdown reaction:
CH3COCH3 = C2H4 + H2 + CO
Second
First
Zero
Third
Fractional
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What two methods of obtaining a disperse system can be characterized as physical condensation?
Ultrafiltration and vapour condensation
Chemical condensation and peptization
Ultrafiltration and peptization
Dispergation and peptization
Vapour condensation and solvent substitution
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If in the process of molecular adsorption the solute is being adsorbed more than the solvent, then the following occurs:
Positive adsorption
Selective adsorption
No adsorption
Ion adsorption
Negative adsorption
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What device is used to measure surface tension of a liquid?
Viscometer
Nephelometer
Calorimeter
Stalagmometer
Areometer
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Sedimentation is characteristic of the following systems:
Foams
Solutions of high-molecular compounds
Nonelectrolyte solutions
Suspensions
Electrolyte solutions
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Under certain conditions, solutions of high-molecular substances can lose their flowability, meaning that the bonds begin to form between macromolecules, leading to the formation of a spatial grid. Name this process:
Gel formation
Condensation
Peptization
Coacervation
Coagulation
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Collagen, gelatin, keratin, and myosin are the proteins that are formed with peptide bonds and resemble long threads in shape. Name this type of proteins:
Chain proteins
Globular proteins
-
Structured proteins
Fibrillar proteins
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Name the ability of high-molecular compounds to prevent precipitation of lyophobic sols and deposition of cholesterol plaques on the vessel walls:
Coagulation
Colloid protection
Sedimentation
Thixotropy
Coacervation
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Saline solution with 0.9% of NaCl in relation to blood serum can be characterized as:
-
Isotonic
Hypotonic
Colloidal
Hypertonic
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Helmholtz energy is a direction criterion of a spontaneous process at a constant:
Internal energy and volume
Entropy and volume
Entropy and pressure
Temperature and pressure
Temperature and volume
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Name the process of removing one or several substances from a complex system by means of a selective solvent:
Dispersion
Extraction
Crystallization
Condensation
Evaporation
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In medical and pharmaceutical practice the phenomena of adsorption, wetting, and adhesion are regularly observed. Name this group of phenomena:
Surface phenomena
Physico-chemical phenomena
Optical phenomena
Molecular-kinetic phenomena
Electrokinetic phenomena
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I.I.Mechnikov, when studying inflammatory process, described a certain order that is characteristic of leukocyte migration to the inflammation focus. The cells emigrate to the focus in the following order:
Neutrophilic granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes
Monocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophilic granulocytes
Monocytes, neutrophilic granulocytes, lymphocytes
Neutrophilic granulocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes
Lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophilic granulocytes
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A patient has developed anuria. Blood pressure is 50/20 mm Hg. What process of uropoiesis caused acute decrease of urination?
Tubular secretion
Glomerular filtration
Obligatory reabsorption
Facultative reabsorption
-
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During lancing an abscess in the oral cavity, it produces a yellow-green discharge. What cells are always present and predominant in the purulent exudate?
Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils
Erythrocytes
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People, who were in the building during a fire, suffer from carbon monoxide poisoning. What type of hypoxia can be observed in this case?
Hemic
Circulatory
Tissue
Hypoxic
Respiratory
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A 42-year-old patient presents with skin pallor, weakness, and enlarged lymph nodes. In peripheral blood: leukocytosis, no intermediate forms of leukocytes
(”leukemic hiatus”), accelerated ESR. What disease can be suspected in this case?
Leukemoid reaction
Chronic leukemia
Neutrophilic leukocytosis
Erythromyelosis
Acute leukemia
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To reproduce Ehrlich carcinoma in a rabbit, a certain amount of benzpyrene (a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) was daily applied to a dehaired patch of skin of the animal. What method is used for tumor modelling in this case?
Ionizing radiation
Transplantation
Induction
Hormone administration
Explantation
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After a surgery the patient presented with a severe pain syndrome. What change in the patient’s hormonal status is most likely in this case?
Increased catecholamine production
Insulin hypersecretion
Decreased ACTH production
Decreased production of glucocorticoids
Decreased production of mineralocorticoids
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A 9-year-old child due to acute bronchitis developed elevated body temperature up to 38.5oC that lasted for a week and was then followed by a drop in the temperature down to 37.0oC. What mechanism is leading at the 3rd stage of fever?
Peripheral vasodilation
Increased diuresis
Development of chills
Increased respiration rate
Increased heat production
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One hour after a child took polyvitamins in the dosage form of a syrup, the child developed a markedly itching urticaria-type rash all over the body. What type of allergic response can be characterized by this sign?
Immune complex
Delayed-type hypersensitivity
Autoallergic
Cytotoxic
Anaphylactic
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A patient develops prolonged hemorrhages and hemorrhages into the muscles and joints as a result of any microtraumas. In the blood there is a deficiency of the VIII plasma factor of blood coagulation. What disease of blood system is observed in this patient?
Hemophilia A
Iron-deficiency anemia
B12 and folate deficiency anemia
Vaquez disease (polycythemia vera)
Thrombocytopenic purpura
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A man received a radiation dose of 30 Gy. He presents with necrotic angina, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Blood tests revealed anemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. What stage of acute radiation sickness is observed in the patient?
-
Prodromal stage
Manifest illness stage
Latent stage
Recovery
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A 54-year-old man requested a pharmacist’s advice on drug prescription. The patient has 4-year-long history of chronic glomerulonephritis and 2-year-long history of persistent hypertension. What substance synthesized in the kidneys has important role in development of arterial hypertension?
Catecholamines
Histamine
Aldosterone
Renin
Nitric oxide
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Examination of a 45-year-old man, who for a long time kept to a vegetarian plantbased diet, revealed him to have negative nitrogen balance. What peculiarity of his diet has caused such developments?
Insufficient protein content
Excessive carbohydrate content
Insufficient fat content
Insufficient vitamin content
Excessive water content
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A 23-year-old man came to the infectious diseases department with complaints of abdominal distension and diarrhea. He was diagnosed with lambliasis. What type of leukocytosis is characteristic of this disease?
Eosinophilic
Basophilic
Monocytic
Lymphocytic
Neutrophilic
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What is the mechanism of indirect action of ionizing radiation on cells?
Swelling of organelles
Damage to the cytoplasmic membrane
Chromosome rupture
Formation of large amount of free radicals
Activation of protein biosynthesis
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A couple came to the genetic consultation for their newborn child to be examined. Karyotype test detects an additional chromosome in the 21 pair. What diagnosis can be made?
Klinefelter syndrome
Turner syndrome
Edwards syndrome
Down syndrome
Patau syndrome
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After a physical exertion a person develops extra (premature) cardiac contractions. What type of arrhythmia is it?
Paroxysmal tachycardia
Extrasystole
Sinus bradycardia
Sinus tachycardia
Ventricular fibrillation
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A 55-year-old man came to a doctor with complaints of acute pain in his big toes. Meat and wine are always present in his diet. The doctor suspects gout. What substance must be measured in the patient’s blood to confirm this diagnosis?
Lactate
Bilirubin
Uric acid
Urea
Ketone bodies
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suffers from diarrhea, dermatitis, and dementia. What vitamin is likely to be deficient in this patient, causing the patient’s condition?
Nicotinic acid
Tocopherol
Vitamin D
Vitamin K
Retinol
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An unconscious patient was brought into the intensive care unit. Acetone breath, acute hyperglycemia, and ketonemia are detected. What complication of diabetes mellitus occurred in this case?
Nephritis
Hypoglycemic coma
Cataract
Acute acetone poisoning
Diabetic coma
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Serum total protein is one of metabolic indicators. What reaction is usually used in clinical laboratories to measure this value?
Ninhydrin
Fohl
Xanthoproteic
Nitroprusside
Biuret
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Thyroid gland produces a hormone that regulates Ca2+ levels in blood, which facilitates mineralization of bone tissue. What hormone has such an effect?
Dopamine
Thyrocalcitonin
Triiodothyronine
Thyroxin
Adrenaline
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A patient is diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. For diagnostic purpose it is necessary to measure the activity of the following enzyme in the patient’s blood:
Amylase
Aldolase
Pepsin
Creatine kinase
LDH
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What enzyme allows for synthesis of various genes from template-RNA to DNA in genetic engineering (this enzyme catalyzes the process discovered in RNAviruses)?
Reverse transcriptase
DNA-ligase
Endonuclease
Helicase
Exonuclease
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Primary structure of nucleic acids is a polynucleotide chain that has a certain composition and order of the nucleotides. What bonds stabilize this structure?
Glycosidic
Peptide
Amide
-phosphodiester
Disulfide
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Gout develops when purine nucleotide metabolism is disturbed. A doctor prescribed the patient allopurinol that is a competitive inhibitor of:
Succinate dehydrogenase
Alcohol dehydrogenase
Hexokinase
Xanthine oxidase
Lactate dehydrogenase
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Cocarboxylase is used in medicine as a pharmaceutical preparation for treatment of myocardial dystrophy and conditions that affect muscles and peripheral CNS. What vitamin is a component of this preparation?
B2
B1
C
B12
B6
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A patient complains of polyuria. Urine test detects no pathologic components, but urine specific gravity is abnormally low. What hormone secretion is likely to be disturbed in this patient?
Cortisol
Insulin
Thyrotropin
Somatotropin
Vasopressin
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A patient with hyperproduction of thyroid hormones has been prescribed Merkazolilum. This drug inhibits the following enzyme participating in iodothyronine synthesis:
Iodide peroxidase
Reductase
Decarboxylase
Aminotransferase
Aromatase
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Ascorutin vitamin preparation is used for treatment of bleeding gums and punctate hemorrhages. What vitamin does this preparation contain?
Бiологiчнахiмiя
A
E
D
C
K
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A man developed high plasma iron levels due to intensified hemolysis of erythrocytes. What plasma protein transports iron?
Histone
Ceruloplasmin
Interferon
Albumin
Transferrin
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In case of hypovitaminosis of a certain vitamin, disturbed proliferation of epithelial and connective tissue can be observed. Patients with this type of hypovitaminosis usually present with impaired vision and spatial orientation. Name this vitamin:
Riboflavin
Cholecalciferol
Pyridoxine
Tocopherol
Retinol
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Antihistamines are used in treatment of allergic responses, because histamine functions as an allergic response mediator. Name the amino acid from which histamine is produced:
Alanine
Tyrosine
Histidine
Glycine
Asparagine
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Cholesterol synthesis inhibitors are used as antiatherosclerotic drugs. Select one such drug from the list:
Benzylpenicillin
Sulfanilamide
Chloramphenicol
Pancreatin
Lovastatin
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Aspartame is used as a sweetener and in treatment of diabetes mellitus. What amino acid does it contain?
Glutamic acid
Leucine
Aspartic acid
Valine
Methionine
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Hemoglobin break-up begins in the cells of reticuloendothelial system. What enzyme catalyzes the reduction reaction of biliverdine into bilirubin?
Beta-glucuronidase
Hexokinase
Biliverdine reductase
Heme oxygenase
Xanthine oxidase
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grow in moderately humid conditions belong to the following ecological group:
Hygrophytes
Succulents
Xerophytes
Hydrophytes
Mesophytes
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Among the trees of Fabaceae family there is an early-flowering melliferous plant with pinnately compound leaves, spine-shaped stipules, and white fragrant flowers arranged in hanging racemes. Name this plant:
Aesculus hippocastanum
Robinia pseudoacacia
Aronia melanocarpa
Quercus robur
Armeniaca vulgaris
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Select a Brassicaceae family plant that contains glycosides similar in action to those obtained from foxglove:
Polygonum aviculare
Primula officinalis
Urtica dioica
Erysimum canescens
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
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Among harvested plants there was Capsella bursa-pastoris, which can be characterized as follows:
Perennial plant, basal leaves - entire-kind, fruit - cylindric silique
Biennial plant, basal leaves - pinnatilobate, fruit - small round silique
Annual plant, basal leaves - compound, fruit - segmented silique
Biennial plant, basal leaves - membranous, fruit - small winged heart-shaped silique
Annual plant, basal leaves - pinnatisected or pinnatipartite, fruit - small triangular heart-shaped silique
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Berberis vulgaris has spines that are modifications of:
Stipules
Petioles
Rachises
Stems
Leaves
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In monocotyledonous plants metabolism end-products are often represented by multiple needle crystals of calcium oxalate arranged in clusters. Name these structures:
Styloids
Crystalline sand
Twinned crystals
Raphides
Druses
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Name the male gametophyte of flowering plants:
Nucellus
Embryo sac
Carpel
Ovule
Pollen grains
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A gastric tea contains small oval brown lignified cone-shaped plant parts up to 1.5 cm in length that can be identified as:
Platycladus orientalis cones
Berry-like juniper cones
Aggregate fruits of alnus
Larch cones
Cypress cones
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A diagnostic feature important for correct identification of pine species is the number of needles on the short shoots (brachyblasts). Pinus sylvestris has the following number of needles on its short shoots:
3
5
Many
2
8
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In pharmaceutical manufacturing, rutin and quercetin are obtained from the flowers of a certain Fabaceae family plant. Name this plant:
Robinia pseudoacacia
Caragana arborescens
Acacia dealbata
Astragalus piletocladus
Styphnolobium japonicum
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A cough tea contains comminuted roots of a plant. The roots are colored bright yellow and taste sweet. They were identified as roots of the following plant:
Sanguisorba officinalis
Acorus calamus
Glycyrrhiza glabra
Althaea officinalis
Valeriana officinalis
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Nuciform fruits include a certain type of one-seeded fruit that does not burst when ripe. Its base is enclosed in a cup-shaped cupule formed by the broad part of the peduncle to which the flower was attached. Name this type of fruit:
Nutlet
Acorn
Caryopsis
Nut
Samara
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Plantago major inflorescence grows at the apex, its rachis is long, with sessile flowers. Name this type of inflorescence:
Thyrse
Spike
Spadix
Panicle
Capitulum
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Upon examination of a flower it is determined to have one pistil made up of single free carpel. Therefore, this gynoecium can be identified as:
Lysicarpous
Apocarpous
Monocarpous
Paracarpous
Syncarpous
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One of the important diagnostic features of garden sage and motherwort is their shape of corolla. Their flowers have the following type of corolla:
Funnelform
Thimble-shaped
Pseudoligulate
Bilabiate
Ligulate
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Rhizome of an Asteraceae family species is polycephalous, succulent, has lysigenous cavities, accumulates inulin. Such underground organ is characterisic of:
Digitalis grandiflora
Hyoscyamus niger
Inula helenium
Sorbus aucuparia
Helianthus annuus
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To obtain bacterial exotoxins, microorganisms are cultivated in a liquid nutrient medum, into which the toxins are being discharged. What method allows clearing the medium of microorganisms, so that only pure exotoxins will remain in the medium?
Ultraviolet irradiation
Autoclaving
Boiling
Filtration through bacterial filters
Application of disinfectants (Chloramine)
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In the course of bacteriological examination of the feces of a patient with diarrhea, a pure culture of slightly curved bacilli was obtained. In the microslide these microorganisms were arranged in clusters resembling schools of fish. Cultivation in the alkaline medium (alkaline peptone water) in six hours resulted in formation of a bluetinged film. These features are characteristic of the following causative agent:
Mycobacteria
Salmonellae
Vibrio cholerae
Spirochetes
Colibacilli
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One day after eating meatballs in the school canteen, several students came to the nurse’s office complaining of stomachache, vomiting, high body temperature, and diarrhea. One of the students was hospitalized in a severe condition. What microorganisms can be the cause of this food toxicoinfection?
Clostridiae
Salmonellae
Streptococci
Shigellae
Meningococci
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For tetanus prevention a certain toxin is used. For 4 weeks this toxin is being neutralized with formaldehyde (0.4%) under the temperature of 39oC. Name the resulting preparation:
Antitoxic serum
Anatoxin
Immunoglobulin
Adjuvant
Inactivated vaccine
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After examination the patient was diagnosed with tick-borne encephalitis. What route of transmission is characteristic of this disease?
Vertical transmission
Parenteral transmission
Airborne droplet transmission
Vector-borne transmission
Fecal-oral transmission
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A chemotherapeutic agent has bactericidal effect against streptococci, staphylococci, bacilli, and clostridia. According to its action spectrum this drug belongs to the following group:
Antiviral agents
Antituberculous agents
Broad spectrum antifungal agents
Narrow spectrum antibacterial agents
Broad spectrum antibacterial agents
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It is known, that HIV infection leads to severe immunologic disturbances in the body that result in the development of AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome). What cells of the human body are the most susceptible to HIV infection?
Suppressor T cells
Hepatocytes
Endotheliocytes
B lymphocytes
T helper cells
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Microbe survival within environment is facilitated by spore formation. What genus of microorganisms can be characterized as spore formers:
Clostridium
Bacteroides
Peptococcus
Peptostreptococcus
Staphylococcus
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To induce an artificially acquired active immunity, a three-month-oldchild was given orally a Sabin strain-based live cultural vaccine. This vaccine is used for prevention of:
Tuberculosis
Rubella
Parotitis
Measles
Poliomyelitis
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After examination the child was diagnosed with scarlet fever. What microorganism is a causative agent of this disease?
Streptococcus
Actinomycete
Meningococcus
Klebsiella
Staphylococcus
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A ready-made drug was inoculated on Sabouraud’s agar and incubated under 22oC for 5 days. This nutrient medium was used to determine the following:
Presence of Salmonella
Total number of bacteria
Presence of E. coli
Number of mold and yeast fungi
Presence of S. aureus
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Seitz filters are widely used in laboratory practice. What is their purpose?
Disinfection of solutions
Growing of bacteriophages
Sterilization by means of filtration
Measurement of water contamination
Virus destruction
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Thermolabile medicinal preparation for extemporal use was heated to 65oC thrice with intervals of one day between the heatings. What method of sterilization was used in this case?
Tyndallization
Pasteurization
Calcination
Koch’s steam sterilization
Filtration
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Many serological reactions require strictly aseptic conditions. What method of sterilization is optimal for decontamination of laboratory glassware?
Pasteurization
Filtration
Calcination
Dry heat
Tyndallization
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During microscopy of a smear made from the sputum sample and stained according to the Ziehl-Neelsen technique, the medical laboratory scientist detected bright red acid-fast bacilli arranged separately and in groups. What microorganisms were detected?
Staphylococcus aureus
Salmonella typhi
Bordetella pertussis
Bacillus anthracis
Micobacterium tuberculosis
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Sanitary-microbiological assessment of water quality in the water supply system conducted by the sanitary-epidemiological station detected microorganisms indicative of fecal contamination of water. What microorganisms were detected?
Staphylococcus aureus
Escherichia coli
Neisseria sicca
Streptococcus agalactiae
Haemophilus influenzae
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Air contamination with pathological microorganisms can be anticipated by the presence of indicator bacteria. Specify the bacteria that indicate immediate epidemiologic danger:
Yeast fungi
Micrococci
Hemolytic streptococci
Mold fungi
Sarcinae
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It can be safely assumed that the infants born from the mothers with the history of measles will not be affected by the measles outbreak during their stay in the maternity ward. What classes of antibodies provide the infants with the resistance to this disease?
IgD
IgM
IgA
IgG
IgE
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During a surgery, tubocurarin chloride was used as a muscle relaxant. What antagonist should the patient be given to restore spontaneous breathing?
Aethimizole (Methylamide)
Cytitone (Cytisine)
Dithylin (Suxamethonium)
Proserin (Neostigmine)
Benzohexonium (Hexamethonium)
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A patient, who has been taking phenazepam for a month, came to the pharmacy. He insists that he needs to buy two more packages of this drug, because without it he feels unwell. The side-effect of this drug that can be observed in this patient is based on the development of:
Tolerance
After-effect
Addiction
Idiosyncrasy
Cumulation
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Select the halogenated antiseptic that would be preferable for a child to pack in the first aid kit, when going to a summer camp:
Formaldehyde solution
Brilliant green
Methylene blue
Iodine alcoholic solution
Copper sulfate
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A medical student needs to choose an adrenergic drug for treatment of anaphylactic shock. What would you recommend?
Clophelin (Clonidine)
Izadrin (Isoprenaline)
Fenoterol
Adrenaline hydrochloride
Galazolin (Xylometazoline)
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What is the main mechanism of benzylpenicillin bactericidal action on the coccal flora?
Inhibition of protein synthesis
Activation of macroorganism immune system
Disturbed synthesis of microbial cell wall
Increased phagocytic activity of leukocytes
Disturbed cytoplasmic membrane permeability
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What drug can quickly stop an angina pectoris attack, when taken sublingually?
Lisinopril
Digoxin
Amiodarone
Nitroglycerine
Corglycon
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Name the ability of a drug to accumulate within the patient’s body:
Allergy
Cumulation
Synergism
Habituation
Antagonism
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You work in the pharmacy located at the premises of the dermatovenerologic clinic. Consult an intern what antibiotic is a drug of choice for treatment of syphilis:
Benzylpenicillin sodium salt
Polymyxin M sulfate
Levorin sodium salt
Streptomycin sulfate
Lincomycin hydrochloride
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A doctor has prescribed a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug to relieve inflammation and pain syndrome. Name this drug:
Prednisolone
Calcium chloride
Diclofenac sodium
Loratadine
Glibenclamide
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What is the most common side-effect of inhaled corticosteroids?
Subcapsular cataract
Osteoporosis
Oropharyngeal candidiasis
Arterial hypertension
Increased body mass
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Treatment with sodium bromide resulted in development of bromism in the patient: rhinitis, cough, conjunctivitis, and skin rashes. What should the patient be prescribed to treat this condition?
Potassium chloride
Sodium sulfate
Calcium chloride
Sodium chloride
Sodium iodide
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A patient with allergic rhinitis was prescribed loratadine. This drug belongs to the following group of antiallergic agents:
H1-antagonists
Glucocorticoids
H2-antagonists
Leukotriene receptor antagonists
Membrane stabilizers
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A patient suffers from intense cough with production of viscous sputum. What drug can thin the sputum and facilitate expectoration?
Acetylcysteine
Glaucine
Butamirate
Codeine phosphate
Prenoxdiazine
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A patient with myocardial infarction was receiving heparin as a part of the complex therapy. With time the patient developed hematuria. What drug should be given as an antidote in this case?
Aminocaproic acid
Protamine sulfate
Fibrinogen
Neodicumarin
Vicasol (Menadione)
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A patient with tracheitis was prescribed a centrally acting antitussive drug that does not depress respiration, causes no addiction, and lowers blood pressure. Name this drug:
Glaucine hydrochloride
Morphine hydrochloride
Prenoxdiazine
Codeine phosphate
Acetylcysteine
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What drug is used for treatment of organophosphate poisoning?
Izoniazid
Metronidazole
Atropine sulfate
Aciclovir
Platyphylline
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Select the drug with anti-herpesvirus activity that can be used for prevention and treatment of herpetic lesions on skin and mucosa:
Rifampicin
Ranitidine
Aciclovir
Nystatin
Atropine
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Forced diuresis needs to be induced in a patient with acute medication poisoning. What drug must be used for this purpose?
Strophantin
Diphenhydramine
Furosemide
Bisacodil
Progesterone
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Caffeine is one of the alkaloids contained in tea and coffee. Caffeine is contraindicated in case of:
Hypotension
Fatigue
Migraine
Depression of nervous activity
Essential hypertension
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To quickly relieve the state of acute psychosis, the patient was prescribed a rapid/short-acting psychotropic drug. Name this drug:
Piracetam
Valerian extract
Droperidol
Caffeine and sodium benzoate
Amitriptyline
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After ishemic stroke the patient was prescribed a drug to improve his intellectual functioning and memory. What drug should he obtain from the pharmacy?
Diphenin (Phenytoin)
Tabex (Cytisine)
Piracetam
-
Metoclopramide
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