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What titrimetric method of analysis requires the use of both external and internal indicators?
Alkalimetry
Complexometric titration
Permanganatometry
Nitritometry
Argentometry
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A solution contains calcium, barium, aluminium, potassium, and sodium cations. Into this solution a small amount of ammonium hydroxide and alizarin solution was added, which resulted in production of red precipitate. What ion was detected as the result of this reaction?
Calcium
Barium
Aluminium
Potassium
Sodium
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Select an indicator for argentometric determination of chloride ions using the Mohr method:
Fluorescein
Potassium chromate
Eosin
Diphenylcarbazone
Methyl red
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Quantitative determination of copper salts by means of photometric titration should be conducted according to the calibration graph that is built within the following coordinates:
Light absorption intensity - wavelength
Optical density - temperature
Optical density - wavelength
Optical density - liquid layer thickness
Optical density - concentration
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2M solution of HCl was added into the solution being studied, which resulted in formation of white precipitate that turned black when processed with ammonia solution. What cation is present in this solution?
Pb2+
Ba2+
Mg2+
Hg2+
Ag+
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What should be measured during quantitative determination of glucose by means of polarimetry?
Absorption coefficient of a polarized light beam in the solution
Rotation angle of a polarized light beam
Refractive index
Optical density of the solution
Light beam dispersion in the solution
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Concentration of ethyl alcohol in tinctures and some other dosage forms can be determined by means of refractometry. For this purpose the following should be measured:
Solution refractive index
Angle of total internal reflection of a light beam
Light beam refraction angle
Light beam incidence angle
Rotation angle of a light polarization plane
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Ammonium thiocyanate solution was added into the solution being studied. The resulting solution colored red. This analytical effect indicates the presence of the following cation:
Mercury(I)
Mercury(II)
Iron(III)
Lead(II)
Silver
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What reference electrode should be used for potentiometric determination in a solution that contains ammonia and sodium hydroxide?
Glass
Silver chloride
Platinum
Zinc
Silver
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When barium chloride solution was added into the solution being studied, it resulted in a white precipitate that was acidand alkali-insoluble, which indicates that this solution contains:
Sulfate ions
Permanganate ions
Iron(II) ions
Chloride ions
Nitrate ions
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What laboratory glassware is used in titrimetric methods of analysis to measure out a precise volume of a titrant?
Measuring cylinder
Burette
Volumetric flask
Measuring glass
Pipette
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Quantitative content of oxalic acid can be determined by means of permanganatometry. How to determine the equivalence point for this kind of titration?
With specific indicator
When titrate changes its color after another drop of working solution is added
With redox indicator diphenylamine
With pH indicator
With adsorption indicator
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Specify what method of redox titration requires the use of specific indicator - starch - to fix the end point:
Cerimetry
Iodometry
Permanganatometry
Bromatometry
Nitritometry
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To separate cations of the 6th analytical group from cations of the 5th analytical group (acid-base classification), the following is used:
Excess sulfuric acid solution
Excess sodium hydroxide solution
Silver nitrate solution
Acetic acid solution
Excess ammonia solution
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To determine mass-volume fraction of ammonia in a solution, the following solution should be used:
Potassium permanganate
Hydrochloric acid
Iodine
Sodium hydroxide
Sulfuric acid
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Pharmacopoeia reaction to determine benzoate ions requires interaction with the solution of:
Iron(III) chloride
Diphenylamine
Resorcin
Acetic anhydride
Potassium chloride
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What reference electrode can be used in potentiometric analysis of a medicinal substance?
Quinhydrone
Antimony
Glass
Silver chloride
Zinc
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Why is there no group reagent for the cations of the 1st analytical group (acid-base cassification)?
They have large ionic radii
They can form soluble bases
Most of their salts are water-soluble
They have close ionic radii
They belong to biologically important elements
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What working solutions (titrants) are used in Volhard method (precipitation titration)?
AgNO3 and NH4SCN
Na2S2O3 and K[I3]
HClO4 and KOH
KMnO4 and KBrO3
H2SO4 and NaOH
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The third analitycal group of cations (acid-base classification) includes Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+. What acid can function as a precipitator agent (group reagent) for these cations?
H2SO4
HNO3
CH3COOH
HCI
HCIO4
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Reaction of sodium ions with potassium hexahydroxoantimonate(V) in neutral medium produces precipitate. Specify the color of this precipitate:
Red
White
Green
Yellow
Blue
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Which compound of those listed below is a condensed arene?
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Specify the Wurtz reaction among those given below:
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Select the formula of diazonium salt:
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Salts and esters of oxalic acid are called:
Oxalates
Adipates
Succinates
Malonates
Urates
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What test is used for identification of uric acid and other compounds with purine nucleus?
Lucas reagent
Copper mirror reaction
Silver mirror reaction
Fehling reagent
Murexide reaction
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Select the compound with both pyrrole and pyridine nitrogen atoms from those given below:
Pteridine
Pyridazine
Pyrimidine
Theophylline
2-Aminopyridine
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What reagent allows distinguishing between maltose (a reducing disaccharide) and sucrose (a non-reducing disaccharide)?
FeCl3
Br2
Tollens reagent
K4[Fe(CN6)]
NaOH
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Specify the name of the alkene given below according to the IUPAC substitutive nomenclature:
4-Ethyl-2-methyl-3-pentene
4-Ethyl-2-methyl-2-pentene
3,5-Dimethyl-4-hexene
2-Ethyl-4-methyl-3-pentene
2,4-Dimethyl-2-hexene
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Cellulose hydrolysis produces the following disaccharide:
Cellobiose
Lactose
Maltose
Sucrose
Glucose
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Transformation C2H4 (alkene) −→ C2H6 (alkane) occurs during the following reaction:
Dehydrogenation
Hydrogenation
Dimerization
Hydration
Dehydration
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What type of bonds participates in creation of both linear and cyclic carboxylic acid associates in the form of dimers?
Ionic bonds
Nonpolar covalent bonds
Polar covalent bonds
Donor-acceptor bonds
Hydrogen bonds
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The end-productof heating bromoethane with aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide is:?
Ethanoic acid
Diethyl ether
Ethene
Ethane
Ethanol
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Name the product of starch hydrolysis:
Mannose
Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
Ribose
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What is the formula of salicylic acid?
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Which of the compounds given below is an aromatic one?
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Which of the listed monosaccharides is a ketose?
Glucose
Mannose
Fructose
Ribose
Galactose
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Fructose is a monosaccharide, glucose isomer. In medicine it is used in treatment of hepatic disorders and as a part of special diets. Which formula corresponds with Dfructose?
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Dibazol (Bendazol) is a hypotensive antispasmodic drug. Its mechanism of action is based on its ability to block phosphodiesterase type 4 enzyme activity. This drug contains the following heterocyclic compound:
Pyridine
Benzimidazole
Benzene
Pyrimidine
Thiazole
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Which formula corresponds with β-D-glucopyranose?
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What compound is synthesized by means of beta-picoline oxidation?
Uric acid
Nicotinic acid
Barbituric acid
Ascorbic acid
Benzoic acid
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What compound will be produced as the result of toluene chlorination in the presence of FeCl3 catalyst?
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What value determines the degree of influence that foreign ions have on the potential of an ion-selective electrode?
Osmotic coefficient
Selectivity coefficient
Activity coefficient
Diffusion coefficient
Electrical conductivity coefficient
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Name the process of spontaneous adhesion of drops in an emulsion to each other:
Flotation
Sedimentation
Coagulation
Flocculation
Coalescence
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Enzymes are widely used as drugs in pharmacy. What is the main difference that separates enzymes from non-biological catalysts?
High dispersion
High homogeneity
High universality
Low universality
High specificity and selectivity
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Name the structural unit of a colloidal solution of a medicinal substance:
Micelle
Zwitterion
Atom
Ion
Molecule
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Surfactants and high-molecular compounds are added into concentrated emulsions to stabilize them. These substances are:
Catalysts
Absorbents
Activators
Emulsifiers
Solvents
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Specify the order of acetone breakdown reaction:
CH3COCH3 = C2H4 + H2 + CO
First
Third
Zero
Second
Fractional
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What two methods of obtaining a disperse system can be characterized as physical condensation?
Chemical condensation and peptization
Ultrafiltration and peptization
Vapour condensation and solvent substitution
Ultrafiltration and vapour condensation
Dispergation and peptization
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If in the process of molecular adsorption the solute is being adsorbed more than the solvent, then the following occurs:
Positive adsorption
Selective adsorption
No adsorption
Negative adsorption
Ion adsorption
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What device is used to measure surface tension of a liquid?
Calorimeter
Nephelometer
Stalagmometer
Viscometer
Areometer
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Sedimentation is characteristic of the following systems:
Foams
Electrolyte solutions
Nonelectrolyte solutions
Solutions of high-molecular compounds
Suspensions
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Under certain conditions, solutions of high-molecular substances can lose their flowability, meaning that the bonds begin to form between macromolecules, leading to the formation of a spatial grid. Name this process:
Coagulation
Coacervation
Peptization
Gel formation
Condensation
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Collagen, gelatin, keratin, and myosin are the proteins that are formed with peptide bonds and resemble long threads in shape. Name this type of proteins:
Chain proteins
Structured proteins
-
Globular proteins
Fibrillar proteins
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Name the ability of high-molecular compounds to prevent precipitation of lyophobic sols and deposition of cholesterol plaques on the vessel walls:
Coacervation
Coagulation
Sedimentation
Thixotropy
Colloid protection
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Saline solution with 0.9% of NaCl in relation to blood serum can be characterized as:
Colloidal
Isotonic
Hypertonic
-
Hypotonic
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Helmholtz energy is a direction criterion of a spontaneous process at a constant:
Temperature and pressure
Internal energy and volume
Entropy and volume
Temperature and volume
Entropy and pressure
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Name the process of removing one or several substances from a complex system by means of a selective solvent:
Condensation
Extraction
Crystallization
Evaporation
Dispersion
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In medical and pharmaceutical practice the phenomena of adsorption, wetting, and adhesion are regularly observed. Name this group of phenomena:
Molecular-kinetic phenomena
Physico-chemical phenomena
Optical phenomena
Surface phenomena
Electrokinetic phenomena
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I.I.Mechnikov, when studying inflammatory process, described a certain order that is characteristic of leukocyte migration to the inflammation focus. The cells emigrate to the focus in the following order:
Neutrophilic granulocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes
Monocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophilic granulocytes
Neutrophilic granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes
Lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophilic granulocytes
Monocytes, neutrophilic granulocytes, lymphocytes
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A patient has developed anuria. Blood pressure is 50/20 mm Hg. What process of uropoiesis caused acute decrease of urination?
Glomerular filtration
Tubular secretion
Obligatory reabsorption
Facultative reabsorption
-
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During lancing an abscess in the oral cavity, it produces a yellow-green discharge. What cells are always present and predominant in the purulent exudate?
Basophils
Lymphocytes
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Erythrocytes
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People, who were in the building during a fire, suffer from carbon monoxide poisoning. What type of hypoxia can be observed in this case?
Hypoxic
Tissue
Circulatory
Hemic
Respiratory
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A 42-year-old patient presents with skin pallor, weakness, and enlarged lymph nodes. In peripheral blood: leukocytosis, no intermediate forms of leukocytes
(”leukemic hiatus”), accelerated ESR. What disease can be suspected in this case?
Acute leukemia
Erythromyelosis
Neutrophilic leukocytosis
Leukemoid reaction
Chronic leukemia
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To reproduce Ehrlich carcinoma in a rabbit, a certain amount of benzpyrene (a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) was daily applied to a dehaired patch of skin of the animal. What method is used for tumor modelling in this case?
Induction
Transplantation
Explantation
Hormone administration
Ionizing radiation
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After a surgery the patient presented with a severe pain syndrome. What change in the patient’s hormonal status is most likely in this case?
Insulin hypersecretion
Increased catecholamine production
Decreased ACTH production
Decreased production of mineralocorticoids
Decreased production of glucocorticoids
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A 9-year-old child due to acute bronchitis developed elevated body temperature up to 38.5oC that lasted for a week and was then followed by a drop in the temperature down to 37.0oC. What mechanism is leading at the 3rd stage of fever?
Increased diuresis
Development of chills
Increased respiration rate
Peripheral vasodilation
Increased heat production
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One hour after a child took polyvitamins in the dosage form of a syrup, the child developed a markedly itching urticaria-type rash all over the body. What type of allergic response can be characterized by this sign?
Anaphylactic
Delayed-type hypersensitivity
Cytotoxic
Immune complex
Autoallergic
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A patient develops prolonged hemorrhages and hemorrhages into the muscles and joints as a result of any microtraumas. In the blood there is a deficiency of the VIII plasma factor of blood coagulation. What disease of blood system is observed in this patient?
Vaquez disease (polycythemia vera)
Iron-deficiency anemia
B12 and folate deficiency anemia
Hemophilia A
Thrombocytopenic purpura
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A man received a radiation dose of 30 Gy. He presents with necrotic angina, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Blood tests revealed anemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. What stage of acute radiation sickness is observed in the patient?
-
Manifest illness stage
Prodromal stage
Recovery
Latent stage
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A 54-year-old man requested a pharmacist’s advice on drug prescription. The patient has 4-year-long history of chronic glomerulonephritis and 2-year-long history of persistent hypertension. What substance synthesized in the kidneys has important role in development of arterial hypertension?
Catecholamines
Histamine
Nitric oxide
Aldosterone
Renin
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Examination of a 45-year-old man, who for a long time kept to a vegetarian plantbased diet, revealed him to have negative nitrogen balance. What peculiarity of his diet has caused such developments?
Excessive water content
Insufficient fat content
Excessive carbohydrate content
Insufficient protein content
Insufficient vitamin content
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A 23-year-old man came to the infectious diseases department with complaints of abdominal distension and diarrhea. He was diagnosed with lambliasis. What type of leukocytosis is characteristic of this disease?
Monocytic
Neutrophilic
Lymphocytic
Eosinophilic
Basophilic
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What is the mechanism of indirect action of ionizing radiation on cells?
Damage to the cytoplasmic membrane
Chromosome rupture
Formation of large amount of free radicals
Swelling of organelles
Activation of protein biosynthesis
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A couple came to the genetic consultation for their newborn child to be examined. Karyotype test detects an additional chromosome in the 21 pair. What diagnosis can be made?
Klinefelter syndrome
Patau syndrome
Edwards syndrome
Down syndrome
Turner syndrome
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After a physical exertion a person develops extra (premature) cardiac contractions. What type of arrhythmia is it?
Paroxysmal tachycardia
Extrasystole
Sinus tachycardia
Sinus bradycardia
Ventricular fibrillation
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A 55-year-old man came to a doctor with complaints of acute pain in his big toes. Meat and wine are always present in his diet. The doctor suspects gout. What substance must be measured in the patient’s blood to confirm this diagnosis?
Urea
Ketone bodies
Bilirubin
Uric acid
Lactate
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suffers from diarrhea, dermatitis, and dementia. What vitamin is likely to be deficient in this patient, causing the patient’s condition?
Vitamin D
Nicotinic acid
Tocopherol
Vitamin K
Retinol
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An unconscious patient was brought into the intensive care unit. Acetone breath, acute hyperglycemia, and ketonemia are detected. What complication of diabetes mellitus occurred in this case?
Diabetic coma
Acute acetone poisoning
Nephritis
Hypoglycemic coma
Cataract
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Serum total protein is one of metabolic indicators. What reaction is usually used in clinical laboratories to measure this value?
Fohl
Xanthoproteic
Ninhydrin
Nitroprusside
Biuret
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Thyroid gland produces a hormone that regulates Ca2+ levels in blood, which facilitates mineralization of bone tissue. What hormone has such an effect?
Thyrocalcitonin
Triiodothyronine
Thyroxin
Dopamine
Adrenaline
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A patient is diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. For diagnostic purpose it is necessary to measure the activity of the following enzyme in the patient’s blood:
Creatine kinase
Amylase
Pepsin
LDH
Aldolase
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What enzyme allows for synthesis of various genes from template-RNA to DNA in genetic engineering (this enzyme catalyzes the process discovered in RNAviruses)?
Reverse transcriptase
DNA-ligase
Helicase
Endonuclease
Exonuclease
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Primary structure of nucleic acids is a polynucleotide chain that has a certain composition and order of the nucleotides. What bonds stabilize this structure?
Glycosidic
-phosphodiester
Peptide
Amide
Disulfide
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Gout develops when purine nucleotide metabolism is disturbed. A doctor prescribed the patient allopurinol that is a competitive inhibitor of:
Lactate dehydrogenase
Xanthine oxidase
Alcohol dehydrogenase
Succinate dehydrogenase
Hexokinase
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Cocarboxylase is used in medicine as a pharmaceutical preparation for treatment of myocardial dystrophy and conditions that affect muscles and peripheral CNS. What vitamin is a component of this preparation?
B1
B12
C
B2
B6
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A patient complains of polyuria. Urine test detects no pathologic components, but urine specific gravity is abnormally low. What hormone secretion is likely to be disturbed in this patient?
Cortisol
Vasopressin
Somatotropin
Thyrotropin
Insulin
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A patient with hyperproduction of thyroid hormones has been prescribed Merkazolilum. This drug inhibits the following enzyme participating in iodothyronine synthesis:
Iodide peroxidase
Reductase
Decarboxylase
Aminotransferase
Aromatase
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Ascorutin vitamin preparation is used for treatment of bleeding gums and punctate hemorrhages. What vitamin does this preparation contain?
Бiологiчнахiмiя
D
E
K
A
C
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A man developed high plasma iron levels due to intensified hemolysis of erythrocytes. What plasma protein transports iron?
Histone
Transferrin
Albumin
Interferon
Ceruloplasmin
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In case of hypovitaminosis of a certain vitamin, disturbed proliferation of epithelial and connective tissue can be observed. Patients with this type of hypovitaminosis usually present with impaired vision and spatial orientation. Name this vitamin:
Cholecalciferol
Pyridoxine
Riboflavin
Tocopherol
Retinol
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Antihistamines are used in treatment of allergic responses, because histamine functions as an allergic response mediator. Name the amino acid from which histamine is produced:
Asparagine
Histidine
Tyrosine
Alanine
Glycine
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Cholesterol synthesis inhibitors are used as antiatherosclerotic drugs. Select one such drug from the list:
Benzylpenicillin
Chloramphenicol
Pancreatin
Sulfanilamide
Lovastatin
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Aspartame is used as a sweetener and in treatment of diabetes mellitus. What amino acid does it contain?
Valine
Leucine
Methionine
Glutamic acid
Aspartic acid
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Hemoglobin break-up begins in the cells of reticuloendothelial system. What enzyme catalyzes the reduction reaction of biliverdine into bilirubin?
Hexokinase
Xanthine oxidase
Beta-glucuronidase
Heme oxygenase
Biliverdine reductase
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grow in moderately humid conditions belong to the following ecological group:
Succulents
Xerophytes
Hydrophytes
Mesophytes
Hygrophytes
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Among the trees of Fabaceae family there is an early-flowering melliferous plant with pinnately compound leaves, spine-shaped stipules, and white fragrant flowers arranged in hanging racemes. Name this plant:
Aronia melanocarpa
Robinia pseudoacacia
Aesculus hippocastanum
Quercus robur
Armeniaca vulgaris
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Select a Brassicaceae family plant that contains glycosides similar in action to those obtained from foxglove:
Polygonum aviculare
Primula officinalis
Erysimum canescens
Urtica dioica
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
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Among harvested plants there was Capsella bursa-pastoris, which can be characterized as follows:
Biennial plant, basal leaves - pinnatilobate, fruit - small round silique
Perennial plant, basal leaves - entire-kind, fruit - cylindric silique
Annual plant, basal leaves - pinnatisected or pinnatipartite, fruit - small triangular heart-shaped silique
Annual plant, basal leaves - compound, fruit - segmented silique
Biennial plant, basal leaves - membranous, fruit - small winged heart-shaped silique
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Berberis vulgaris has spines that are modifications of:
Rachises
Leaves
Petioles
Stipules
Stems
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In monocotyledonous plants metabolism end-products are often represented by multiple needle crystals of calcium oxalate arranged in clusters. Name these structures:
Raphides
Druses
Twinned crystals
Crystalline sand
Styloids
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Name the male gametophyte of flowering plants:
Carpel
Embryo sac
Pollen grains
Nucellus
Ovule
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A gastric tea contains small oval brown lignified cone-shaped plant parts up to 1.5 cm in length that can be identified as:
Larch cones
Cypress cones
Berry-like juniper cones
Platycladus orientalis cones
Aggregate fruits of alnus
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A diagnostic feature important for correct identification of pine species is the number of needles on the short shoots (brachyblasts). Pinus sylvestris has the following number of needles on its short shoots:
2
8
5
3
Many
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In pharmaceutical manufacturing, rutin and quercetin are obtained from the flowers of a certain Fabaceae family plant. Name this plant:
Robinia pseudoacacia
Astragalus piletocladus
Caragana arborescens
Acacia dealbata
Styphnolobium japonicum
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A cough tea contains comminuted roots of a plant. The roots are colored bright yellow and taste sweet. They were identified as roots of the following plant:
Althaea officinalis
Acorus calamus
Glycyrrhiza glabra
Valeriana officinalis
Sanguisorba officinalis
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Nuciform fruits include a certain type of one-seeded fruit that does not burst when ripe. Its base is enclosed in a cup-shaped cupule formed by the broad part of the peduncle to which the flower was attached. Name this type of fruit:
Nutlet
Samara
Caryopsis
Nut
Acorn
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Plantago major inflorescence grows at the apex, its rachis is long, with sessile flowers. Name this type of inflorescence:
Panicle
Spike
Capitulum
Spadix
Thyrse
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Upon examination of a flower it is determined to have one pistil made up of single free carpel. Therefore, this gynoecium can be identified as:
Paracarpous
Syncarpous
Apocarpous
Lysicarpous
Monocarpous
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One of the important diagnostic features of garden sage and motherwort is their shape of corolla. Their flowers have the following type of corolla:
Funnelform
Bilabiate
Thimble-shaped
Ligulate
Pseudoligulate
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Rhizome of an Asteraceae family species is polycephalous, succulent, has lysigenous cavities, accumulates inulin. Such underground organ is characterisic of:
Helianthus annuus
Hyoscyamus niger
Inula helenium
Sorbus aucuparia
Digitalis grandiflora
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To obtain bacterial exotoxins, microorganisms are cultivated in a liquid nutrient medum, into which the toxins are being discharged. What method allows clearing the medium of microorganisms, so that only pure exotoxins will remain in the medium?
Autoclaving
Application of disinfectants (Chloramine)
Boiling
Filtration through bacterial filters
Ultraviolet irradiation
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In the course of bacteriological examination of the feces of a patient with diarrhea, a pure culture of slightly curved bacilli was obtained. In the microslide these microorganisms were arranged in clusters resembling schools of fish. Cultivation in the alkaline medium (alkaline peptone water) in six hours resulted in formation of a bluetinged film. These features are characteristic of the following causative agent:
Salmonellae
Colibacilli
Spirochetes
Mycobacteria
Vibrio cholerae
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One day after eating meatballs in the school canteen, several students came to the nurse’s office complaining of stomachache, vomiting, high body temperature, and diarrhea. One of the students was hospitalized in a severe condition. What microorganisms can be the cause of this food toxicoinfection?
Salmonellae
Meningococci
Clostridiae
Streptococci
Shigellae
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For tetanus prevention a certain toxin is used. For 4 weeks this toxin is being neutralized with formaldehyde (0.4%) under the temperature of 39oC. Name the resulting preparation:
Inactivated vaccine
Antitoxic serum
Anatoxin
Adjuvant
Immunoglobulin
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After examination the patient was diagnosed with tick-borne encephalitis. What route of transmission is characteristic of this disease?
Parenteral transmission
Fecal-oral transmission
Vertical transmission
Airborne droplet transmission
Vector-borne transmission
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A chemotherapeutic agent has bactericidal effect against streptococci, staphylococci, bacilli, and clostridia. According to its action spectrum this drug belongs to the following group:
Antituberculous agents
Antiviral agents
Narrow spectrum antibacterial agents
Broad spectrum antibacterial agents
Broad spectrum antifungal agents
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It is known, that HIV infection leads to severe immunologic disturbances in the body that result in the development of AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome). What cells of the human body are the most susceptible to HIV infection?
Hepatocytes
Suppressor T cells
Endotheliocytes
T helper cells
B lymphocytes
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Microbe survival within environment is facilitated by spore formation. What genus of microorganisms can be characterized as spore formers:
Peptococcus
Staphylococcus
Clostridium
Peptostreptococcus
Bacteroides
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To induce an artificially acquired active immunity, a three-month-oldchild was given orally a Sabin strain-based live cultural vaccine. This vaccine is used for prevention of:
Poliomyelitis
Parotitis
Rubella
Measles
Tuberculosis
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After examination the child was diagnosed with scarlet fever. What microorganism is a causative agent of this disease?
Klebsiella
Staphylococcus
Streptococcus
Meningococcus
Actinomycete
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A ready-made drug was inoculated on Sabouraud’s agar and incubated under 22oC for 5 days. This nutrient medium was used to determine the following:
Number of mold and yeast fungi
Presence of S. aureus
Total number of bacteria
Presence of E. coli
Presence of Salmonella
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Seitz filters are widely used in laboratory practice. What is their purpose?
Disinfection of solutions
Virus destruction
Sterilization by means of filtration
Measurement of water contamination
Growing of bacteriophages
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Thermolabile medicinal preparation for extemporal use was heated to 65oC thrice with intervals of one day between the heatings. What method of sterilization was used in this case?
Calcination
Pasteurization
Koch’s steam sterilization
Filtration
Tyndallization
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Many serological reactions require strictly aseptic conditions. What method of sterilization is optimal for decontamination of laboratory glassware?
Calcination
Pasteurization
Dry heat
Filtration
Tyndallization
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During microscopy of a smear made from the sputum sample and stained according to the Ziehl-Neelsen technique, the medical laboratory scientist detected bright red acid-fast bacilli arranged separately and in groups. What microorganisms were detected?
Salmonella typhi
Micobacterium tuberculosis
Bacillus anthracis
Bordetella pertussis
Staphylococcus aureus
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Sanitary-microbiological assessment of water quality in the water supply system conducted by the sanitary-epidemiological station detected microorganisms indicative of fecal contamination of water. What microorganisms were detected?
Haemophilus influenzae
Streptococcus agalactiae
Neisseria sicca
Escherichia coli
Staphylococcus aureus
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Air contamination with pathological microorganisms can be anticipated by the presence of indicator bacteria. Specify the bacteria that indicate immediate epidemiologic danger:
Hemolytic streptococci
Micrococci
Yeast fungi
Mold fungi
Sarcinae
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It can be safely assumed that the infants born from the mothers with the history of measles will not be affected by the measles outbreak during their stay in the maternity ward. What classes of antibodies provide the infants with the resistance to this disease?
IgD
IgA
IgE
IgM
IgG
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During a surgery, tubocurarin chloride was used as a muscle relaxant. What antagonist should the patient be given to restore spontaneous breathing?
Dithylin (Suxamethonium)
Proserin (Neostigmine)
Cytitone (Cytisine)
Aethimizole (Methylamide)
Benzohexonium (Hexamethonium)
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A patient, who has been taking phenazepam for a month, came to the pharmacy. He insists that he needs to buy two more packages of this drug, because without it he feels unwell. The side-effect of this drug that can be observed in this patient is based on the development of:
Tolerance
Addiction
After-effect
Cumulation
Idiosyncrasy
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Select the halogenated antiseptic that would be preferable for a child to pack in the first aid kit, when going to a summer camp:
Methylene blue
Copper sulfate
Formaldehyde solution
Iodine alcoholic solution
Brilliant green
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A medical student needs to choose an adrenergic drug for treatment of anaphylactic shock. What would you recommend?
Clophelin (Clonidine)
Adrenaline hydrochloride
Galazolin (Xylometazoline)
Izadrin (Isoprenaline)
Fenoterol
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What is the main mechanism of benzylpenicillin bactericidal action on the coccal flora?
Increased phagocytic activity of leukocytes
Activation of macroorganism immune system
Inhibition of protein synthesis
Disturbed cytoplasmic membrane permeability
Disturbed synthesis of microbial cell wall
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What drug can quickly stop an angina pectoris attack, when taken sublingually?
Nitroglycerine
Digoxin
Amiodarone
Lisinopril
Corglycon
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Name the ability of a drug to accumulate within the patient’s body:
Allergy
Synergism
Cumulation
Antagonism
Habituation
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You work in the pharmacy located at the premises of the dermatovenerologic clinic. Consult an intern what antibiotic is a drug of choice for treatment of syphilis:
Polymyxin M sulfate
Streptomycin sulfate
Benzylpenicillin sodium salt
Levorin sodium salt
Lincomycin hydrochloride
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A doctor has prescribed a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug to relieve inflammation and pain syndrome. Name this drug:
Diclofenac sodium
Glibenclamide
Prednisolone
Loratadine
Calcium chloride
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What is the most common side-effect of inhaled corticosteroids?
Arterial hypertension
Subcapsular cataract
Osteoporosis
Oropharyngeal candidiasis
Increased body mass
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Treatment with sodium bromide resulted in development of bromism in the patient: rhinitis, cough, conjunctivitis, and skin rashes. What should the patient be prescribed to treat this condition?
Sodium chloride
Potassium chloride
Calcium chloride
Sodium iodide
Sodium sulfate
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A patient with allergic rhinitis was prescribed loratadine. This drug belongs to the following group of antiallergic agents:
H1-antagonists
Glucocorticoids
Leukotriene receptor antagonists
H2-antagonists
Membrane stabilizers
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A patient suffers from intense cough with production of viscous sputum. What drug can thin the sputum and facilitate expectoration?
Butamirate
Codeine phosphate
Prenoxdiazine
Glaucine
Acetylcysteine
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A patient with myocardial infarction was receiving heparin as a part of the complex therapy. With time the patient developed hematuria. What drug should be given as an antidote in this case?
Vicasol (Menadione)
Protamine sulfate
Aminocaproic acid
Neodicumarin
Fibrinogen
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A patient with tracheitis was prescribed a centrally acting antitussive drug that does not depress respiration, causes no addiction, and lowers blood pressure. Name this drug:
Morphine hydrochloride
Acetylcysteine
Glaucine hydrochloride
Codeine phosphate
Prenoxdiazine
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What drug is used for treatment of organophosphate poisoning?
Aciclovir
Atropine sulfate
Izoniazid
Metronidazole
Platyphylline
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Select the drug with anti-herpesvirus activity that can be used for prevention and treatment of herpetic lesions on skin and mucosa:
Aciclovir
Nystatin
Rifampicin
Atropine
Ranitidine
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Forced diuresis needs to be induced in a patient with acute medication poisoning. What drug must be used for this purpose?
Diphenhydramine
Progesterone
Furosemide
Strophantin
Bisacodil
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Caffeine is one of the alkaloids contained in tea and coffee. Caffeine is contraindicated in case of:
Depression of nervous activity
Hypotension
Migraine
Fatigue
Essential hypertension
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To quickly relieve the state of acute psychosis, the patient was prescribed a rapid/short-acting psychotropic drug. Name this drug:
Piracetam
Droperidol
Valerian extract
Caffeine and sodium benzoate
Amitriptyline
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After ishemic stroke the patient was prescribed a drug to improve his intellectual functioning and memory. What drug should he obtain from the pharmacy?
Piracetam
Metoclopramide
Tabex (Cytisine)
-
Diphenin (Phenytoin)
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