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Step 1 - Pharmacy 2018
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2 із 200
By means of photoelectrocolorimetric analysis the concentration of the following can be determined:
Colored solution
Turbid solution
Optically active substance
Colorless solution
Any type of solution
3 із 200
A patient suffers from Down’s disease that manifests as mental retardation, shortness of stature, pathologically short fingers and toes, and eyes with mongoloid slant. Karyotype analysis revealed trisomy 21. What group of diseases does this pathology belong to?
Chromosomal disorders
Molecular genetic disease
Gametopathy
Fetopathy
Blastopathy
4 із 200
Knowing the temperature of phase transformation under a certain pressure is extremely important in the process of drugs manufacturing. This temperature can be calculated using the:
Clausius-Clapeyron equation
Trouton’s rule
Gibbs’ phase rule
Mendeleev-Clapeyron equation
Konovalov’s laws
5 із 200
At the triple point on the water phase diagram, water is:
An invariant system
A monovariant system
A bivariant system
A trivariant system
A quadrivariant system
6 із 200
Bioavailability of a powder depends on the degree of comminution of the substance. The following value must be measured:
Dispersion
Concentration
Particle volume
Particle mass
Solution density
7 із 200
A patient with gout was prescribed allopurinol - a competitive inhibitor of xanthine oxidase. Xanthine oxidase is a terminal enzyme of catabolism of:
Purine nucleotides
Glycoproteins
Phospholipids
Higher fatty acids
Heteropolysaccharides
8 із 200
Many drugs must be manufactured under strictly aseptic conditions. One such possible source of microbiological contamination of drugs is laboratory glassware. What method should be used to sterilize the glassware?
Dry heat
Ignition
Boiling
Tyndallization
Pasteurization
9 із 200
To determine qualitative content of a drug, the drug sample was processed with 2M solution of HCl. White precipitate soluble in aqueous ammonia solution was formed. This analytical effect indicates the presence of the following cations:
Silver(I)
Lead(II)
Mercury(I)
Mercury(II)
Tin(II)
10 із 200
Name the process of spontaneous adhesion of drops in an emulsion to each other:
Coalescence
Flocculation
Sedimentation
Flotation
Coagulation
11 із 200
Inheritable genetic disorders can result in disturbed enzyme synthesis in the human body. What enzyme deficiency results in disturbed break-up of lactose:
Lactase
Maltase
Invertase
Lipase
Peptidase
12 із 200
To treat the patients with purulent wounds, a dressing with a certain immobilized enzyme is used. Name this enzyme:
Tripsin
Arginase
Catalase
Alkaline phosphatase
Acid phosphatase
13 із 200
Cerebrospinal fluid of a patient diagnosed with meningitis was taken for analysis. To detect the causative agent the sample was inoculated in a nutrient medium. Prior to that a serum had been added to the medium. What causative agent is expected to be obtained in this case?
Meningococcus
Mycobacteria
Staphylococcus
Viruses
Rickettsia
14 із 200
Hormones regulate numerous metabolic processes. What hormone activates glycogen synthesis?
Insulin
Adrenaline
Vasopressin
Thyroxine
Oxytocin
15 із 200
A structural analog of vitamin PP (nicotinic acid) is used as an antituberculous medicine. Name this medicine:
Isoniazid
Streptocide
Riboflavin
Tetracycline
Aspirin
16 із 200
A food plant of Polygonaceae family is being studied. The plant has reddish stalk, cordate-sagittate leaves, its fruit is a trihedral nutlet. Name this plant:
Fagopyrum esculentum
Persicaria bistorta
Persicaria hydropiper
Polygonum aviculare
Rumex confertus
17 із 200
Microscopy of subterranean organs of an Аsteraceae family plant shows articulated laticifers with anastomoses filled with white latex. It is characterisic of the following plant:
Taraxacum officinale
Helianthus annuus
Artemisia absinthium
Bidens tripartitа
Achillea millefolium
18 із 200
The defensive mechanisms against some infectious diseases can be greatly reinforced with interferon. Interferon preparations will be the most advisable in cases of the following type of infections:
Viral
Helminthic
Protozoal
Microbioses
Fungal
19 із 200
A chemotherapeutic agent has bactericidal effect against streptococci, staphylococci, bacilli, and clostridia. According to its action spectrum this drug belongs to the following group:
Broad spectrum antibacterial agents
Narrow spectrum antibacterial agents
Broad spectrum antifungal agents
Antiviral agents
Antituberculous agents
20 із 200
It is known that in plants the synthesis of secondary reserve starch occurs in:
Amyloplasts
Chloroplasts
Chromoplasts
Elaioplasts
Proteinoplasts
21 із 200
A patient has developed anuria. Blood pressure is 50/20 mm Hg. What process of uropoiesis was disturbed resulting in acute decrease of urine output?
Glomerular filtration
Obligate reabsorption
Facultative reabsorption
Tubular secretion
-
22 із 200
A 12-year-old boy is of short stature, but his mental development corresponds with that of his age group. What hormone deficiency is the most likely to cause this pathology?
Somatotropin
Insulin
Oxytocin
Vasopressin
Adrenaline
23 із 200
A 10-year-old child has height of 178 cm and body mass of 67 kg. These presentations are caused by the functional disturbance of the:
Pituitary gland
Thyroid gland
Gonads
Adrenal glands
Parathyroid glands
24 із 200
A certain infection leads to fetus malformation if a pregnant woman is affected. What vaccine should be used for prevention of this infection?
Rubella virus vaccine
Influenza virus vaccine
Mumps vaccine
Poliovirus vaccine
Antirabic vaccine
25 із 200
Quantitative content of hydrogen peroxide can be determined by means of the following self-indicator method:
Permanganatometry
Bromatometry
Iodometry
Nitritometry
Argentometry
26 із 200
Coumarins, vitamin K antagonists, suppress the processes of blood coagulation. What protein synthesis is blocked by coumarins?
Prothrombin
Gamma globulin
Albumin
Transferrin
Ceruloplasmin
27 із 200
HIV-infection occupational risk groups include people of various professions, healthcare workers included. Specify the mosl likely route of infection transmission for healthcare workers:
Parenteral transmission
Fecal-oral transmission
Droplet transmission
Transmission via airborne dust particles
Vector-borne transmission
28 із 200
Microbial survival within environment is facilitated by spore formation. What microorganisms of those listed below are spore formers:
Clostridia
Bacteroides
Staphylococci
Peptococci
Peptostreptococci
29 із 200
Synthesis of a medicinal substance occurs in an isolated system. What is a direction criterion of spontaneous processes?
Entropy change
Gibbs energy
Helmholtz energy
Intrinsic energy
Enthalpy
30 із 200
An enzyme transports structure fragments from one substrate into another. Name this class of enzymes:
Transferases
Isomerases
Oxidoreductases
Ligases
Hydrolases
31 із 200
A patient with high risk of hemorrhages is recommended to take vicasol (menadione) by his physician. This drug is the structural analog of:
Vitamin K
Vitamin A
Vitamin B5
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B6
32 із 200
Enzymes are widely used as drugs in pharmacy. What is the main feature that separates enzymes from non-biological catalysts?
High specificity and selectivity
High universality
Low universality
High dispersion
High homogeneity
33 із 200
Any damage to the patient’s vessels results in persistent hemorrhage. Blood clotting factor VIII is deficient in the patient’s blood. What disease does this patient suffer from?
Hemophilia
Acute vascular purpura
Thrombocytopenic purpura
Anemia
Radiation sickness
34 із 200
Name the structural unit of a colloidal solution of a medicinal substance:
Micelle
Molecule
Atom
Ion
Zwitterion
35 із 200
Protein structure includes proteinogenic amino acids. What is the position of the amino group in the structure of these amino acids?
α-position
β-position
γ-position
δ-position
ε-position
36 із 200
To induce diabetes mellitus in a rabbit, β-cells of pancreatic islets (islets of Langerhans) were selectively damaged with alloxan. What method of diabetes induction was used in this experiment?
Shutdown
Irritation
Introduction of enzymes, hormones
Isolated organs
Stimulation
37 із 200
A sample section of an axial body shows a complex consisting of phellogen and its derivatives - cork and phelloderm. Name this tissue:
Periderm
Colenchyma
Sclerenchyma
Epiblema
Epidermis
38 із 200
The Mohr method is used to determine mass concentration of sodium chloride in an isotonic solution. Titration is carried out with the following indicator:
Potassium chromate
Fluorescein
Ammonium iron(III) sulfate
Diphenylcarbazone
Ferroin
39 із 200
A patient presents with persistent tachycardia, exophthalmos, high excitability, increased basal metabolic rate. What disorder can lead to the development of this syndrome?
Hyperthyroidism
Hypoparathyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Hyperparathyroidism
Adrenal hypofunction
40 із 200
Racemose clusters of calcium carbonate crystals are detected among the waste products of a protoplast. These crystals are:
Cystoliths
Isolated crystals
Raphides
Styloid crystals
Crystal druses
41 із 200
After the pus sample taken from the urethra had been inoculated on ascitic agar, it resulted in growth of round transparent colonies. Microscopy of the colonies shows gram-negative kidney bean-shaped diplococci. What causative agent is it?
Gonococcus
Pneumococcus
Meningococcus
Micrococcus
Streptococcus
42 із 200
Laboratories of various specialization use the following method to determine general water hardness of potable water:
Complexometric titration
Acidimetry
Precipitation
Oxidimetry
Alkalimetry
43 із 200
Name the reaction producing a goldenyellow precipitate (”golden rain” reaction):
Precipitation of PbI2
Precipitation of PbCl2
Precipitation of AgI
Precipitation of HgI2
Precipitation of Hg2I2
44 із 200
Name the reactions and reagents that under certain conditions allow determination of certain ions in the presence of other ions:
Specific
Selective
Group
Characteristic
General
45 із 200
In Friedel-Crafts alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons the following substance is used as the catalyst:
Anhydrous AlCl3
Pt
Cr2O3
Alcoholic NaOH solution
PCl5
46 із 200
What compound of those listed below is a condensed arene?
47 із 200
How does increasing temperature affects physical adsorption of substances?
Decreases
Increases
Transforms into chemical adsorption
Decreases in heterogeneous systems
Increases in homogeneous systems
48 із 200
Gelatin expands the most in the following solvent:
Water
Acetic acid solution
Ethanol
Diethyl ether
Benzene
49 із 200
Azo dyes are produced as the result of:
Azo coupling
Diazotization
Amination
Nitration
Nitrosation
50 із 200
What reaction results in production of phthalic anhydride?
51 із 200
What drug is produced as the result of reaction between salicylic acid and acetic anhydride?
Aspirin
Salicylamide
Phenyl salicylate
Benzyl salicylate
Sodium salicylate
52 із 200
Glucose oxidation with a potent oxidizing agent (concentrated HNO3) results in production of:
D-glucaric acid
D-gluconic acid
D-glucuronic acid
D-galactaric (mucic) acid
D-arabinaric acid
53 із 200
A patient, who lives in the area with specific geochemical conditions, was diagnosed with endemic goiter. What microelement deficiency results in development of this pathology?
I
Cl
Br
F
Na
54 із 200
An oncological patient was prescribed fluorouracil that is a competitive inhibitor of thymidine synthase. It inhibits the process of:
Pyrimidine nucleotides synthesis
Carbohydrate disintegration
Purine nucleotides synthesis
Purine nucleotides disintegration
Lipids synthesis
55 із 200
During assessment of air purity in an aseptic unit of a phamacy, sedimentation analysis had been applied. Test resulted in growth of the small colonies with areas of hemolysis. What medium was used for inoculation?
Blood agar
Levine’s formulation (Eosin Methylene Blue agar)
Endo agar
Ploskirev’s agar
Egg-yolk salt agar
56 із 200
According to van’t Hoff rule, when the temperature is raised by 10 degrees, the reaction rate increases by:
2-4 times
1.5 times
5 times
10 times
Temperature does not affect reaction rate
57 із 200
What standard solution can be used to standardize the solution of I2?
Sodium thiosulfate solution
Potassium iodide solution
Potassium dichromate solution
Potassium permanganate solution
Sodium nitrite solution
58 із 200
Catalysts are widely used in production of drugs. How can reaction acceleration in the presence of a catalyst be explained?
Activation energy decreases
Total collision frequency increases
Activation energy increases
Collision frequency decreases
Molecule speed increases
59 із 200
On examination the patient’s sclera and oral mucosa are icteric. What biochemical blood value can be expected to be increased?
Bilirubin
Amylase
Glucose
Albumin
Cholesterol
60 із 200
Microorganisms in the environment are being affected by various physical factors. What is the effect of high temperature on a microbial cell?
Irreversible degradation of all cellular structures
Mutagenic effect
Transition into anabiosis state
Albuminolysis
Fats saponification
61 із 200
Extreme therapeutic effect of activated carbon is due to its high specific surface area. Name the phenomenon when gases are absorbed only by the surface of a solid body:
Adsorption
Adhesion
Desorption
Cohesion
Recuperation
62 із 200
Pastes are used in medicine to treat skin diseases. What type of disperse systems are they?
Suspensions
Emulsions
Powders
Foams
Aerosols
63 із 200
In photometric analysis the series of 6-8 standard solutions is used:
To build a calibration curve
To assess determination method
To simplify working method
To choose cuvettes
To choose optical filter
64 із 200
Ammonium iron(III) sulfate can be used as an indicator in:
Argentometry, Volhard method
Argentometry, Mohr method
Alkalimetry
Acidimetry
Complexometric titration
65 із 200
Quantitative determination of iodine is done by means of:
Redox titration
Alkalimetry
Complexometric titration
Acidimetry
Precipitation titration
66 із 200
Separation of substances in chromatography is based on the ability of solutes:
To distribute between the mobile and stationary phases
To distribute between two mobile phases
To distribute between two stationary phases
To dissolve
To precipitate
67 із 200
Quantitative content of oxalic acid can be determined by means of permanganatometry. How to determine equivalence point for this kind of titration?
When titrate changes its color after another drop of process solution is added
With redox indicator diphenylamine
With pH indicator
With specific indicator
With adsorption indicator
68 із 200
Surfactants and high-molecular compounds are added into concentrated emulsions to stabilize them. These substances are:
Emulsifiers
Activators
Catalysts
Solvents
Absorbents
69 із 200
Reaction of benzene sulfonation produces:
70 із 200
Choose the reaction of ester production among those listed below: A.
71 із 200
A 25-year-old man has an appointment with the dentist. Several minutes after his oral cavity was lavaged with furacilin (nitrofurazone) the patient developed significant labial edema. What type of allergic reaction is observed in this case?
Anaphylactic
Delayed-type hypersensitivity
Cytolytic
Stimulated
Immune complex
72 із 200
A patient with gastric carcinoma has undergone several courses of radiation therapy. What system is the first to become functionally disturbed after the body was exposed to ionizing radiation?
Blood
Nervous
Digestive
Urinary
Respiratory
73 із 200
A patient with acute myocardial infarction received anticoagulation therapy. What compound will have anticoagulation effect?
Heparin
Hyaluronic acid
Chondroitin sulfate
Dermatan sulfate
Keratan sulfate
74 із 200
Specify what method of redox titration requires the use of specific indicator - starch - to fix the end point:
Iodometry
Permanganatometry
Nitritometry
Cerimetry
Bromatometry
75 із 200
Causative agents of infectious diseases can be carried both by humans and animals. Name the group of infections that affect animals and can be passed onto humans:
Zooanthroponoses
Sapronoses
Anthroponoses
Zoonoses
Mixed
76 із 200
During regular check-up a patient presents with enlarged thyroid gland, exophthalmos, increased body temperature, heart rate up to 110/min. What hormone should be measured in the patient’s blood in this case?
Thyroxin
Testosterone
Glucagon
Insulin
Cortisol
77 із 200
A fruit tree of Rosaceae family has short thorny shoots; the fruit is a distinctivelyshaped pome with stone cells in its pulp. Name this plant:
Pyrus communis
Malus sylvestris
Cerasus vulgaris
Prunus armeniaca
Prunus spinosa
78 із 200
Pharmacopoeia reaction to determine benzoate ions requires interaction with the solution of:
Iron(III) chloride
Potassium chloride
Resorcin
Acetic anhydride
Diphenylamine
79 із 200
What solution can be used to detrmine the presence of chloride ions in the potable water?
Silver nitrate
Iodine
Potassium bromate
Sodium hydroxide
Ammonia
80 із 200
Insulin production in β-cells involves many substances. What substance gives the main signal for insulin synthesis when its concentration changes?
Glucose
Carbon dioxide
Heparin
Hemoglobin
Urea
81 із 200
Specify the substance that results from the following reaction: ?
Ethanal
Ethanol
Propanal
Propanone
Acetic acid
82 із 200
An ophthalmologist has detected increased time of dark adaptation in a patient. What vitamin deficiency can result in such symptom?
A
C
K
B1
B6
83 із 200
Morphologically the herbaceous plant being studied can be identified as Convallaria majalis. To confirm this conclusion additionally, a leaf of this plant was examined under the microscope and a search for the following crystalline inclusions was conducted:
Raphides
Single crystals
Druse crystals
Styloid crystals
Crystal sand
84 із 200
What type of conducting bundle is characteristic of primary anatomical structure of a root?
Radial
Concentric
Closed collateral
Bicollateral
Open collateral
85 із 200
Calendula officinalis as a representative of Asteraceae family can be characterized by the following type of inflorescence:
Anthodium
Umbel
Catkin
Capitulum
Corymb
86 із 200
In the age of 5 months the child had measles antibodies in the blood. By the age of 1 year these antibodies disappeared from the child’s blood. Why were these antibodies present in the child’s blood?
Acquired natural passive immunity
Non-specific resistance
Acquired natural active immunity
Innate immunity
Artificial immunity
87 із 200
A Gram stained smear shows large oval violet cells that form pseudomycelium. Name these microorganisms:
Candida fungi
Mucor fungi
Plasmodium vivax
Actinomycetales
Penicillium fungi
88 із 200
Herbarium specimens of medicinal plants are being studied. Which one of them belongs to Rosaceae family?
Crataegus sanguinea
Melilotus officinalis
Conium maculatum
Capsella bursa-pastoris
Polygonum persicaria
89 із 200
When working in the garden, a man accidentally cut his hand. The wound remained untreated. Shortly after that the wounded area developed inflammation with accumulation of exudate that contained numerous viable and degenerate neutrophils. What type of exudate is it?
Purulent
Serous
Fibrinous
Hemorrhagic
Catarrhal
90 із 200
A patient presents with persistent fever, with the difference between evening and morning temperature not exceeding 1oC. What type of fever curve is present in this patient?
Continuous
Remittent
Hectic
Recurrent
Intermittent
91 із 200
Natural peptides can carry out various functions. What bioactive peptide is a major antioxidant and functions as a coenzyme?
Glutathione
Bradykinin
Oxytocin
Liberin
Anserine
92 із 200
Gout develops when purine nucleotide metabolism is disturbed. The doctor prescribed the patient allopurinol that is a competitive inhibitor of:
Xanthine oxidase
Succinate dehydrogenase
Alcohol dehydrogenase
Lactate dehydrogenase
Hexokinase
93 із 200
Name the serums made from blood donated by volunteers or reconvalescent donors:
Homologous
Heterologous
Autoimmune
Attenuated
Corpuscular
94 із 200
During skill building session in the field of microbiology, a student performed inoculation of microorganisms into the solid nutrient medium to obtain isolated colonies. How should inoculation loops be sterilized after that?
Heating in the burner flame
Boiling under 60oC five times
Soaking in 1% chloramine-B solution
Dry heat sterilization under 160oC for 120-150 minutes
Formaldehyde vapor sterilization
95 із 200
A dry-heat box is used for sterilization of various materials and instruments in a bacteriological laboratory. This sterilization method can be applied to the following objects:
Glass test tubes
Rubber gloves
Simple nutrient medium
Wire inoculating loops
Physiological saline
96 із 200
A specialist of the analytical laboratory performs direct iodometric determination of ascorbic acid. What indicator is used in this case?
Starch
Methyl orange
Diphenylamine
Phenolphthalein
Methyl red
97 із 200
A certain herbaceous plant grows on the meadows of the Carpathian Mountains. It has orange anthodium inflorescences, upright stem, and a rosette of basal leaves. Name this plant:
Arnica montana
Cychorium intybus
Calendula officinalis
Echinacea purpurea
Centaurea cyanus
98 із 200
What indicator is used for fixing the endpoint of mercurimetric titration?
Thiocyanate complexes of iron(III)
Fluorescein
Eosin
Murexide
Potassium chromate
99 із 200
Ultraviolet irradiation is used in medicine in various physiotherapeutic procedures. What mechanism of medicinal action is characteristic of ultraviolet rays?
Activation of vitamin D synthesis
Activation of drug action
Decrease of melanin synthesis in the skin
Intensification of cell division
Activation of lipid peroxidation
100 із 200
Human body assimilates fats only as emulsions. Vegetable oils and animal fats contained in food are emulsified when exposed to bile (an emulsifier). How does interface tension change in this case?
Decreases
Increases
Remains unchanged
First increases, than decreases
First decreases, than increases
101 із 200
A patient has a gallstone lodged in the common bile duct, which blocks bile supply to the intestine. What digestive process will be disturbed in this case?
Fat digestion
Protein absorption
Carbohydrate digestion
Carbohydrate absorption
Protein digestion
102 із 200
You are studying a silvery downy plant of Asteraceae family, which is rich in essential oils and bitters. Harvested are the apical sprouts with a panicle of small round flower heads. This plant is:
Artemisia absinthium
Arctium lappa
Bidens tripartita
Calendula officinalis
Chamomilla recutita
103 із 200
A 46-year-old patient presents with hyperactivity of creatine kinase in his blood serum. What pathology can be suspected?
Myocardial infarction
Acute pancreatitis
Chronic hepatitis
Hemolytic anemia
Renal failure
104 із 200
Among dosage forms there are numerous disperse systems. Select a free disperse system from the list:
Emulsion
Gel
Jelly
Diaphragm
Membrane
105 із 200
How according to the Pharmacopoeia is pH determined?
Potentiometry
Spectrophotometry
Indicator
Conductometry
Polarography
106 із 200
A patient is pale, has goose bumps and chills. What stage of fever is it characteristic of?
Temperature increase
Temperature decrease
Continuous fever
Compensation
Latent stage
107 із 200
Ascarids were detected in a sick child. What changes in leukogram will be the most characteristic of helminthiasis?
Eosinophilia
Basophilia
Neutrophilia
Lymphocytosis
Monocytosis
108 із 200
A man received a radiation dose of 30 Gy. He presents with necrotic angina and disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Blood tests revealed anemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. What stage of acute radiation sickness is observed in the patient?
Manifest illness stage
Prodromal stage
Latent stage
Recovery
-
109 із 200
Neuroleptanalgesia has been applied in a case of cardiac infarction. What neuroleptic is most often administered along with fentanyl?
Droperidol
Perphenazine (Aethaperazinum)
Levomepromazine
Clozapine
Sulpiride
110 із 200
Select the halogenated antiseptic that would be preferable for a child to pack in the first aid kit, when going to a summer camp:
Iodine alcoholic solution
Brilliant green
Copper sulfate
Methylene blue
Formaldehyde solution
111 із 200
A patient, who was prescribed famotidine to treat peptic ulcer disease, came to the pharmacy. What is this drug’s mechanism of action?
H2-histamine receptor blockade
H1-histamine receptor blockade
Muscarinic receptor blockade
Inhibition of hydrogen potassium ATPase
Ganglionic receptor blockade
112 із 200
What is represented by such a pharmacokinetic value of a drug as its biological half-life (T1/2)?
Time period in which plasma drug concentration decreases by 50%
Blood plasma volume cleared of drug within a time unit
Period of total body clearance
Renal clearance rate
Correlation between the drug clearance rate and plasma drug concentration
113 із 200
A doctor needs to prescribe the patient a drug for replacement therapy after thyreoidectomy. What drug would you recommend?
L-thyroxine
Insulin
Prednisolone
Parathyroidin
Thiamazole
114 із 200
What is the main mechanism of benzylpenicillin bactericidal action on the coccal flora?
Disturbed synthesis of microbial cell wall
Inhibition of protein synthesis
Disturbed cytoplasmic membrane permeability
Activation of macroorganism immune system
Increased phagocytic activity of leukocytes
115 із 200
What mucolytic agent would you recommend for the patient with acute bronchitis to facilitate expectoration?
Acetylcysteine
Glaucine
Codeine
Libexin (Prenoxdiazine)
Hydrocodone
116 із 200
A patient with allergic dermatitis came to the hospital. What anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic drug must be prescribed in this case?
Prednisolone
Ethamide
Oxytocin
Insulin
Retabolil (Nandrolone)
117 із 200
A patient with bronchial asthma was prescribed a drug with the mechanism of action that is primarily based on the stimulation of β2 adrenergic receptors. Name this drug:
Salbutamol
Adrenaline hydrochloride
Droperidol
Clonidine
Isadrine (Isoprenaline)
118 із 200
Name the ability of a drug to accumulate within the patient’s body:
Cumulation
Antagonism
Synergism
Habituation
Allergy
119 із 200
What pharmacological effect of acetylsalicylic acid allows its application in patients with ischemic heart disease for prevention of thromboses?
Antiaggregant
Analgesic
Antipyretic
Ulcerogenic
Anti-inflammatory
120 із 200
A 48-year-old patient has been intravenously administered prednisolone solution to arrest severe attack of bronchial asthma. What group of hormonal agents does prednisolone belong to?
Glucocorticoids
Gestagenic drugs
Estrogenic drugs
Mineralocorticoid
Anabolic steroids
121 із 200
A doctor has prescribed a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug to relieve inflammation and pain syndrome. Name this drug:
Diclofenac sodium
Glibenclamide
Loratadine
Prednisolone
Calcium chloride
122 із 200
A patient suffers from hyperchromic B12-deficiency anemia. What vitamin preparation should be prescribed in this case?
Cyanocobalamin
Riboflavin
Vicasol (Menadione)
Thiamine chloride
Retinol acetate
123 із 200
To stimulate birth activity, a certain neurohypophyseal hormone is used. Name this hormone:
Oxytocin
Insulin
Glucagon
Thyroxine
Testosterone
124 із 200
Sanitary microbiological investigation of potable water has detected coliphages. What conclusion can be made about the sanitary-hygienic status of this water?
Fecal contamination
The water is safe to drink
The water is safe to drink after boiling
Artesian water
The water is for industrial use only
125 із 200
After a traffic accident the driver presents with increased blood glucose. What mechanism leads to hyperglycemia in this case?
Sympathoadrenal system activation
Increased production of somatotropic hormone
Decreased production of insulin
Decreased production of glucagon
Decreased tone of parasympathetic nervous system
126 із 200
Quantitative determination of iodides by Fajans method is performed with adsorption indicators. The following can be used as an adsorption indicator:
Eosin
Methyl orange
Phenolphthalein
Diphenylamine
Murexide
127 із 200
Pharmacopoeia reaction of potassium ferrocyanide with zinc cations produces:
White precipitate
Red precipitate
Violet precipitate
Yellow precipitate
Black precipitate
128 із 200
Rapid analysis of benzoate ions by means of Pharmacopoeia reaction with iron(III) chloride produces:
Pink-yellow precipitate
Green precipitate
Blue precipitate
Red precipitate
Black precipitate
129 із 200
The following is used to determine the titrant volume in the process of titrimetric analysis:
Burettes
Measuring flasks
Measuring glasses
Cylinders
Measuring tubes
130 із 200
A dissected flower has numerous stamens that are united by the stamen filaments into several bundles. What is this type of androecium?
Polyadelphous
Monadelphous
Diadelphous
Didynamous
Tetradynamous
131 із 200
Upon examination of a flower it is determined to have one pistil made up of single free carpel. Therefore, this gynoecium can be identified as:
Monocarpous
Apocarpous
Lysicarpous
Paracarpous
Syncarpous
132 із 200
Examination of a 45-year-old man, who for a long time kept to a vegetarian plantbased diet, revealed him to have negative nitrogen balance. What peculiarity of his diet has caused such developments?
Insufficient protein content
Insufficient fat content
Insufficient vitamin content
Excessive water content
Excessive carbohydrate content
133 із 200
After severe emotional strain a 53year-old man suddenly developed acute pain in the heart area, which irradiates to the left hand, to the neck, and under the left scapula. He noted numbness of his left hand. His face is pale and covered in cold sweat. Nitroglycerine administration stopped the pain attack after 10 minutes had passed. What is the most likely disease in this case?
Angina pectoris
Stroke
Myocardial infarction
Pulmonary embolism
Somatoform autonomic dysfunction
134 із 200
According to the Pharmacopoeia, molecular weight of a high-molecular substance should be determined by means of:
Viscometry
Potentiometry
Nephelometry
Osmometry
Cryometry
135 із 200
In the process of coagulation by mixtures of different electrolytes, they seem to counteract each other’s effect. Name this phenomenon:
Antagonism
Additivity
Synergism
Mutual coagulation
Sedimentation
136 із 200
One of the important diagnostic features of garden sage and motherwort is their shape of corolla. Their flowers have the following type of corolla:
Bilabiate
Thimble-shaped
Funnelform
Pseudoligulate
Ligulate
137 із 200
Investigation of bacterial contamination of indoor air in a pharmacy takes into account the total number of microorganisms present in a certain air volume, as well as qualitative content of indoor air microflora. Name the sanitary-indicative microorganisms for indoor air:
Staphylococcus and streptococcus
Colibacillus
Sarcina
Chromobacterium
Fungi and yeasts
138 із 200
During ultrasound investigation a patient was diagnosed with bilateralrenal artery stenosis of atherosclerotic genesis. Specify the bioactive substance that due to its excessive secretion is the key component of arterial hypertension pathogenesis in the given case:
Renin
Cortisol
Vasopressin
Noradrenaline
Thyroxin
139 із 200
Preliminary disinfection of air and working surfaces of the equipment was conducted in the operating room of the surgical inpatient unit. What method of sterilization would be the most advisable in this case?
Ultraviolet irradiation
Irradiation sterilization
High-frequency current
Flowing steam
Formaldehyde vapor
140 із 200
A patient was prescribed losartan for treatment of arterial hypertension. What mechanism of action does this drug have?
Angiotensin-receptor blockade
Inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme
Inhibition of phosphodiesterase
Activation of central α-adrenoceptors
Calcium channel blockade
141 із 200
Select the hepatoprotective drugs from the list below:
Essentiale (Phospholipides), Thiotriasoline
No-Spa (drotaverine), papaverine hydrochloride
Allochol, Cholenzym
Festal, Panzinorm (Pancreatin)
Oxaphenamide (Osalmid), Nicodin
142 із 200
Hydrochloric acid was added into the solution under investigation. The resulting precipitate was filtered, then this filter cake was processed with hot water; after the filtrate cooled, KI solution was added into it. What cation was present in the solution, if the precipitate was colored yellow?
Pb2+
Ag+
Hg2+
Ca2+
Ba2+
143 із 200
At the end of his shift a worker of the steel foundry felt dizziness, his body temperature increased to 38.5oC. What condition does he present with?
Hyperthermia
Decompression
Fever
Hypothermia
Hypertension
144 із 200
The third analitycal group of cations (acid-base classification) includes Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+. What acid can function as a precipitator agent (group reagent) for these cations?
H2SO4
HNO3
HCI
CH3COOH
HCIO4
145 із 200
Students should identify the following to determine the sex of a flower:
Stamens and pistils
Flower cup and corolla
Pedicle and receptacle
Symmetry
Color and type of indumentum
146 із 200
In spring a perennial plant of Asteraceae family produces floral shoots with gloden-yellow flowers. After blossomfall, shoots with large leaves appear. Name this plant:
Tussilago farfara
Нiреriсum perforatum
Potentilla erecta
Petroselinum crispum
Datura stramonium
147 із 200
Ultramicroscopy is used to determine the radius of dispersed phase particles. The following should be measured to make the necessary calculations:
Number of particles in a definite volume
Intensity of transmitted light
Intensity of scattered light
Distance traveled by a tagged particle
Time interval in which a tagged particle travels a certain distance
148 із 200
Permanganatometry is used in determination of many organic and inorganic compounds. What are the main advantages of permanganatometry over the other oxidimetric methods?
Sufficiently high redox potential; it is possible to determine titration end-point without indicator
Sufficiently high stability of potassium permanganate and its solutions
High selectivity and sensitivity when determining compounds
Pure potassium permanganate is easily available and obtainable
Various types of indicators can be used; in some cases catalysts are necessary to accelerate the reaction
149 із 200
Many organic compounds break up in the cell into simple products. What compounds break up into ammonia, carbon dioxide, and water in the human body?
Amino acids
Monosaccharides
Monohydric alcohols
Fatty acids
Keto acids
150 із 200
A fruit is a capsule with oblate light brown smooth glossy seeds that mucify when moistened. This fruit belongs to:
Linum usitatissimum
Hypericum perforatum
Ledum palustre
Linaria vulgaris
Digitalis purpurea
151 із 200
What substance forms colloid solution when dissolved in water?
Collargol
Sodium sulfate
Silver nitrate
Potassium gluconate
Sucrose
152 із 200
Paracetamol has antipyretic and analgesic effect. In the human body it is neutralized in the following organ:
Liver
Spleen
Intestine
Lungs
Heart
153 із 200
Rhizome of an Asteraceae family species is polycephalous, succulent, has lysigenous cavities, accumulates inulin. Such underground organ is characterisic of:
Inula helenium
Hyoscyamus niger
Digitalis grandiflora
Sorbus aucuparia
Helianthus annuus
154 із 200
Silver nitrate solution was added into a solution with anions of the first analytical group. A yellow precipitate was produced as the result, which indicates that this solution contained:
Arsenite ions
Arsenate ions
Sulfate ions
Iodide ions
Bromide ions
155 із 200
Some medicinal plants are poisonous. Select a poisonous plant from the list below:
Digitalis purpurea
Origaum vulgare
Thymus serpilum
Salvia officinalis
Thymus vulgaris
156 із 200
What cation can be detected with Chugaiev’s agent (Dimethylglyoxime)?
Ni2+
Ca2+
+
Mn2+
Co2+
157 із 200
A patient in the state of ketoacidotic coma presents with loud rapid respiration: labored expiration with tension of expiratory muscles occurs after deep inspiration. Name this type of pathologic respiration:
Kussmaul’s
Cheyne-Stokes’
Gasping
Stenotic
Biot’s
158 із 200
In a nursery-garden some medicinal plants developed signs of a disease: there are yellow spots and necrotic foci on the leaves. Sap of the diseased plants remained infectious even after passing through a bacteria-excluding filter. No microorganisms growth was detected on the nutrient medium. What microorganisms could be the cause of this disease?
Viruses
Fungi
Ray fungi
Bacteria
Mycoplasma
159 із 200
A laboratory received ethanol and methanol. What reaction can be used to distinguish between these two substances?
Iodoform test (I2 + NaOH)
Beilstein test
Formation of a chelate complex with copper hydroxide
Oxidation (CrO3, H2SO4)
Reaction with halogen anhydrides of inorganic acids
160 із 200
Select pyridine from the listed compounds:
161 із 200
Specify the products of urea hydrolysis:
CO2 +2NH3
CO2 + N2 +3H2
CO +2NH3
CO + N2 +3H2
CO2 + N2 +3H2O
162 із 200
Specify the products obtained as the result of formic acid being heated with concentrated sulfuric acid:
CO + H2O
CO2 + H2O
CO + CO2 + H2O
CO2 + H2
CO + H2
163 із 200
Transformation C2H4 (alkene) −→ C2H6 (alkane) occurs during the following reaction:
Hydrogenation
Dehydrogenation
Dehydration
Hydration
Dimerization
164 із 200
Hydrolysis reaction will NOT occur with:
Glycerol
Starch
Cellulose
Fat
Protein
165 із 200
What reaction proves that phenol has acidic properties?
166 із 200
Select ketose from the monosaccharides listed below:
Fructose
Glucose
Mannose
Arabinose
Ribose
167 із 200
According to Hueckel’s rule an organic compound will have aromatic properties if:
Its molecular structure contains a planar cycle with a closed conjugated system that contains (4n+2) of pi electrons, where n =
0,1,2,3, etc.
Its molecules are composed exclusively of carbon and hydrogen atoms that form a linear carbon chain
There is only one substituent in the molecule
There are condensed nuclei in the molecule
There is a cyclohexane ring in the molecule
168 із 200
A pharmacy has received a batch of drugs for treatment of upper respiratory tract infection. What drug is used to treat influenza?
Rimantadine
Methisazone
Levamisole
Idoxuridine
Doxycycline
169 із 200
A woman complains of itching lips; they are reddened and covered in scabs and scales after she had been using new lipstick for two weeks. What allergicreactions result in this kind of disorders?
Delayed
Cytotoxic
Immune complex
Anaphylactic
Stimulating
170 із 200
Choose the potent fast-acting diuretic to induce forced diuresis:
Furosemide
Hydrochlorothiazide
Spironolactone
Triamterene
Acetazolamide
171 із 200
Name the psychostimulant with analeptical action, which is a purine derivative:
Caffeine and sodium benzoate
Tramadol
Medazepam
Sodium bromide
Sulpiride
172 із 200
After ishemic stroke the patient was prescribed a drug to improve his intellectual functioning and memory. What drug would he obtain in the pharmacy?
Piracetam
Metoclopramide
Tabex (Cytisine)
Diphenin (Phenytoin)
-
173 із 200
A patient with a small cut on the palm came to the dispensing chemist. What antiseptic would be advisable in this case?
Hydrogen peroxide
Doxycycline hydrochloride
Ketoconazole
Lidocaine hydrochloride
Flemoxin (Amoxicillin)
174 із 200
Mother of a 10-year-old child came to the pharmacy to obtain a drug for prevention of upper respiratory tract infections. What drug would be recommended by the dispensing chemist?
Interferon
Benzoteph
Carvedilol
Tetracycline
Doxorubicin
175 із 200
A patient came to the pharmacy to obtain an antidiarrheal agent. What drug would be recommended by the dispensing chemist?
Loperamide
Dicaine (Tetracaine)
Ranitidine
Picolax (Sodium picosulfate)
Anesthesin (Benzocaine)
176 із 200
A patient came to the pharmacy to obtain a drug that contains pancreatic enzymes and can be taked for chronic pancreatitis. What drug would be recommended by the dispensing chemist?
Pancreatine
Triamcinolone
Gordox (Aprotinin)
Pirenzepine
Omeprazole
177 із 200
Increased concentration of active oxygen forms is a mechanism of pathogenesis in a number of diseases. To prevent this process, antioxidants are prescribed. Select an antioxidant from the list below:
α-tocopherol
Glucose
Calciferol
Cobalamine
Glicerol
178 із 200
A 28-year-old man with peptic ulcer of the stomach was prescribed a drug that inhibits gastric juice secretion. Specify this drug:
Omeprazole
Ethacrynic acid
Duphalac (Lactulose)
Lidocaine
Fenofibrate
179 із 200
An engine driver complains of his seasonal allergy symptoms. What nonsedating drug should be prescribed in this case?
Loratadine
Novocaine
Fenofibrate
Analgine (Metamizole)
Atenolol
180 із 200
Salicylic acid derivatives are widely used in medicine. Specify the formula of salicylic acid:
181 із 200
When an isolatedsystem spontaneously approaches its equilibrium, its entropy:
Approaches zero
Approaches infinity
Reaches maximum
Reaches minimum
Demonstrates linear magnification
182 із 200
A pharmacy produces a batch of vials with physiological saline for injections. How should they be sterilized?
Under pressure in an autoclave
In a steam-jacketed autoclave chamber
In a dry heat sterilizer
X-ray irradiation
Ultraviolet irradiation
183 із 200
A certain dioecious plant commonly grows at the forest edge. It is a shrub with thorned sprouts. Its fruit is a round black coenocarpous drupe (pyrenarium) with 3-4 seeds. Name this plant:
Rhamnus cathartica
Hippophae rhamnoides
Crataegus sanguinea
Rosa canina
Sambucus nigra
184 із 200
Choose the weakest carboxylic acid basing on its pKa value:
Propionic acid (рКа = 4.9)
Acetic acid (рКа = 4.7)
Formic acid (рКа = 3.7)
Lactic acid (рКа = 3.9)
Butyric acid (рКа = 4.82)
185 із 200
Which of the amines listed below is a primary amine?
C6H5CH2NH2
C6H5CH2NHCH3
C6H5NHCH3
C6H5N(CH3)2
C6H5CH2N(CH3)2
186 із 200
It can be safely assumed that the infants born from the mothers with the history of measles will not be affected by the measles outbreak during their stay in the maternity ward. What classes of antibodies provide the infants with the resistance to this disease?
IgG
IgA
IgD
IgM
IgE
187 із 200
The children attending a kindergarten were hospitalized with diagnosis of poliomyelitis. What was the route of infection transmission in this case?
Fecal-oral transmission
Alimentary transmission
Direct contact transmission
Transmission via airborne dust particles
Vector-borne transmission
188 із 200
What ion increases osmotic pressure in the focus of inflammation?
Potassium
Calcium
Fluorine
Magnesium
Chlorine
189 із 200
A 55-year-old man came to a doctor with complaints of acute pain in his big toes. Meat and wine are a permanent fixture in his diet. The doctor suspects gout. What substance must be measured in the patient’s blood to confirm this diagnosis?
Uric acid
Urea
Lactate
Bilirubin
Ketone bodies
190 із 200
Name the process of cell membrane saturation with a fat-like substance suberin:
Suberization
Lignification
Mineralization
Cutinization
Mucification
191 із 200
Specify the analgesic that affects opiate receptors and can cause development of tolerance and dependence:
Morphine
Phenobarbital
Medazepam
Voltaren (Diclofenac sodium)
Haloperidol
192 із 200
During furosemide therapy of a patient with chronic edematous syndrome, his plasma-cation concentration was disturbed. What drug should be used in this case?
Potassium chloride
Thiamine bromide
Ascorutin (Ascorbic acid + Rutoside)
Magne B6
Aspirin
193 із 200
Upon examination the ophthalmologist diagnosed a 21-year-old woman with visual impairment - hemeralopia (”night blindness”). What drug should this patient take to restore her vision?
Retinol acetate
Ergocalciferol
Suprastin (Chloropyramine)
Cholecalciferol
Sustac forte (Nitroglycerin)
194 із 200
What bonds participate in creation of both linear and cyclic dimeric carboxylic acid associates?
Hydrogen bonds
Ionic bonds
Polar covalent bonds
Nonpolar covalent bonds
Donor-acceptor bonds
195 із 200
Heating of sodium phenolate in CO2 stream results in production of a certain carboxylic acid. Name the resulting compound:
Salicylic acid
Ethyl salicylate
Phenyl salicylate
Benzoic acid
Aminophenol
196 із 200
Which alkadiene of those listed below is a diene with cumulated double bonds?
CH2 = C = CH2
CH3 − CH = CH − CH2 − CH = CH2
CH2 = CH − CH2 − CH = CH2
CH2 = CH −CH2−CH2−CH = CH2
CH2 = CH − CH = CH2
197 із 200
What compound will be produced as the result of toluene chlorination in the presence of FeCl3 catalyst?
198 із 200
Select α-maltose from the list:
4-О-(α-D-glucopyranoside)-α-Dglucopyranose
4-О-(α-D-glucopyranoside)-β-Dglucopyranose
4-О-(β-D-glucopyranoside)-α-Dglucopyranose
4-О-(β-D-glucopyranoside)-β-Dglucopyranose
α-D-glucopyranoside-β-D-fructofuranoside
199 із 200
What compound is synthesized as the result of β-picoline oxidation?
Nicotinic acid
Benzoic acid
Uric acid
Barbituric acid
Ascorbic acid
200 із 200