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What titrimetric method of analysis requires the use of both external and internal indicators?
Nitritometry
Argentometry
Complexometric titration
Permanganatometry
Alkalimetry
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By means of photoelectrocolorimetric analysis the concentration of the following can be determined:
Optically active substance
Colored solution
Any type of solution
Turbid solution
Colorless solution
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A patient suffers from Down’s disease that manifests as mental retardation, shortness of stature, pathologically short fingers and toes, and eyes with mongoloid slant. Karyotype analysis revealed trisomy 21. What group of diseases does this pathology belong to?
Gametopathy
Fetopathy
Molecular genetic disease
Chromosomal disorders
Blastopathy
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Knowing the temperature of phase transformation under a certain pressure is extremely important in the process of drugs manufacturing. This temperature can be calculated using the:
Konovalov’s laws
Trouton’s rule
Mendeleev-Clapeyron equation
Gibbs’ phase rule
Clausius-Clapeyron equation
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At the triple point on the water phase diagram, water is:
A monovariant system
A trivariant system
An invariant system
A bivariant system
A quadrivariant system
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Bioavailability of a powder depends on the degree of comminution of the substance. The following value must be measured:
Particle volume
Dispersion
Concentration
Solution density
Particle mass
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A patient with gout was prescribed allopurinol - a competitive inhibitor of xanthine oxidase. Xanthine oxidase is a terminal enzyme of catabolism of:
Heteropolysaccharides
Phospholipids
Purine nucleotides
Glycoproteins
Higher fatty acids
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Many drugs must be manufactured under strictly aseptic conditions. One such possible source of microbiological contamination of drugs is laboratory glassware. What method should be used to sterilize the glassware?
Dry heat
Tyndallization
Boiling
Pasteurization
Ignition
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To determine qualitative content of a drug, the drug sample was processed with 2M solution of HCl. White precipitate soluble in aqueous ammonia solution was formed. This analytical effect indicates the presence of the following cations:
Silver(I)
Tin(II)
Lead(II)
Mercury(II)
Mercury(I)
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Name the process of spontaneous adhesion of drops in an emulsion to each other:
Flotation
Coalescence
Sedimentation
Coagulation
Flocculation
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Inheritable genetic disorders can result in disturbed enzyme synthesis in the human body. What enzyme deficiency results in disturbed break-up of lactose:
Invertase
Peptidase
Lactase
Maltase
Lipase
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To treat the patients with purulent wounds, a dressing with a certain immobilized enzyme is used. Name this enzyme:
Tripsin
Arginase
Acid phosphatase
Catalase
Alkaline phosphatase
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Cerebrospinal fluid of a patient diagnosed with meningitis was taken for analysis. To detect the causative agent the sample was inoculated in a nutrient medium. Prior to that a serum had been added to the medium. What causative agent is expected to be obtained in this case?
Meningococcus
Mycobacteria
Staphylococcus
Rickettsia
Viruses
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Hormones regulate numerous metabolic processes. What hormone activates glycogen synthesis?
Vasopressin
Insulin
Oxytocin
Adrenaline
Thyroxine
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A structural analog of vitamin PP (nicotinic acid) is used as an antituberculous medicine. Name this medicine:
Isoniazid
Aspirin
Riboflavin
Streptocide
Tetracycline
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A food plant of Polygonaceae family is being studied. The plant has reddish stalk, cordate-sagittate leaves, its fruit is a trihedral nutlet. Name this plant:
Persicaria bistorta
Polygonum aviculare
Fagopyrum esculentum
Persicaria hydropiper
Rumex confertus
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Microscopy of subterranean organs of an Аsteraceae family plant shows articulated laticifers with anastomoses filled with white latex. It is characterisic of the following plant:
Bidens tripartitа
Artemisia absinthium
Helianthus annuus
Taraxacum officinale
Achillea millefolium
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The defensive mechanisms against some infectious diseases can be greatly reinforced with interferon. Interferon preparations will be the most advisable in cases of the following type of infections:
Viral
Fungal
Protozoal
Microbioses
Helminthic
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A chemotherapeutic agent has bactericidal effect against streptococci, staphylococci, bacilli, and clostridia. According to its action spectrum this drug belongs to the following group:
Broad spectrum antibacterial agents
Antiviral agents
Antituberculous agents
Broad spectrum antifungal agents
Narrow spectrum antibacterial agents
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It is known that in plants the synthesis of secondary reserve starch occurs in:
Elaioplasts
Amyloplasts
Chloroplasts
Chromoplasts
Proteinoplasts
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A patient has developed anuria. Blood pressure is 50/20 mm Hg. What process of uropoiesis was disturbed resulting in acute decrease of urine output?
Obligate reabsorption
-
Facultative reabsorption
Tubular secretion
Glomerular filtration
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A 12-year-old boy is of short stature, but his mental development corresponds with that of his age group. What hormone deficiency is the most likely to cause this pathology?
Somatotropin
Adrenaline
Vasopressin
Oxytocin
Insulin
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A 10-year-old child has height of 178 cm and body mass of 67 kg. These presentations are caused by the functional disturbance of the:
Gonads
Parathyroid glands
Pituitary gland
Thyroid gland
Adrenal glands
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A certain infection leads to fetus malformation if a pregnant woman is affected. What vaccine should be used for prevention of this infection?
Influenza virus vaccine
Poliovirus vaccine
Mumps vaccine
Rubella virus vaccine
Antirabic vaccine
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Quantitative content of hydrogen peroxide can be determined by means of the following self-indicator method:
Bromatometry
Nitritometry
Argentometry
Permanganatometry
Iodometry
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Coumarins, vitamin K antagonists, suppress the processes of blood coagulation. What protein synthesis is blocked by coumarins?
Prothrombin
Albumin
Transferrin
Gamma globulin
Ceruloplasmin
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HIV-infection occupational risk groups include people of various professions, healthcare workers included. Specify the mosl likely route of infection transmission for healthcare workers:
Parenteral transmission
Vector-borne transmission
Droplet transmission
Transmission via airborne dust particles
Fecal-oral transmission
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Microbial survival within environment is facilitated by spore formation. What microorganisms of those listed below are spore formers:
Staphylococci
Bacteroides
Peptostreptococci
Clostridia
Peptococci
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Synthesis of a medicinal substance occurs in an isolated system. What is a direction criterion of spontaneous processes?
Intrinsic energy
Enthalpy
Helmholtz energy
Entropy change
Gibbs energy
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An enzyme transports structure fragments from one substrate into another.
Name this class of enzymes:
Hydrolases
Transferases
Oxidoreductases
Isomerases
Ligases
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A patient with high risk of hemorrhages is recommended to take vicasol (menadione) by his physician. This drug is the structural analog of:
Vitamin B6
Vitamin A
Vitamin B5
Vitamin K
Vitamin B12
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Enzymes are widely used as drugs in pharmacy. What is the main feature that separates enzymes from non-biological catalysts?
High dispersion
High universality
Low universality
High specificity and selectivity
High homogeneity
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Any damage to the patient’s vessels results in persistent hemorrhage. Blood clotting factor VIII is deficient in the patient’s blood. What disease does this patient suffer from?
Anemia
Radiation sickness
Acute vascular purpura
Hemophilia
Thrombocytopenic purpura
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Name the structural unit of a colloidal solution of a medicinal substance:
Ion
Zwitterion
Atom
Micelle
Molecule
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Protein structure includes proteinogenic amino acids. What is the position of the amino group in the structure of these amino acids?
β-position
α-position
δ-position
γ-position
ε-position
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To induce diabetes mellitus in a rabbit, β-cells of pancreatic islets (islets of Langerhans) were selectively damaged with alloxan. What method of diabetes induction was used in this experiment?
Introduction of enzymes, hormones
Stimulation
Shutdown
Irritation
Isolated organs
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A sample section of an axial body shows a complex consisting of phellogen and its derivatives - cork and phelloderm. Name this tissue:
Epiblema
Colenchyma
Periderm
Sclerenchyma
Epidermis
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The Mohr method is used to determine mass concentration of sodium chloride in an isotonic solution. Titration is carried out with the following indicator:
Fluorescein
Ammonium iron(III) sulfate
Ferroin
Potassium chromate
Diphenylcarbazone
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A patient presents with persistent tachycardia, exophthalmos, high excitability, increased basal metabolic rate. What disorder can lead to the development of this syndrome?
Hyperthyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Adrenal hypofunction
Hyperparathyroidism
Hypoparathyroidism
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Racemose clusters of calcium carbonate crystals are detected among the waste products of a protoplast. These crystals are:
Styloid crystals
Isolated crystals
Cystoliths
Crystal druses
Raphides
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After the pus sample taken from the urethra had been inoculated on ascitic agar, it resulted in growth of round transparent colonies. Microscopy of the colonies shows gram-negative kidney bean-shaped diplococci. What causative agent is it?
Meningococcus
Pneumococcus
Gonococcus
Streptococcus
Micrococcus
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Laboratories of various specialization use the following method to determine general water hardness of potable water:
Alkalimetry
Complexometric titration
Acidimetry
Precipitation
Oxidimetry
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Name the reaction producing a goldenyellow precipitate (”golden rain” reaction):
Precipitation of HgI2
Precipitation of PbCl2
Precipitation of AgI
Precipitation of PbI2
Precipitation of Hg2I2
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Name the reactions and reagents that under certain conditions allow determination of certain ions in the presence of other ions:
Specific
General
Characteristic
Group
Selective
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In Friedel-Crafts alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons the following substance is used as the catalyst:
Pt
Anhydrous AlCl3
Cr2O3
PCl5
Alcoholic NaOH solution
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What compound of those listed below is a condensed arene?
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How does increasing temperature affects physical adsorption of substances?
Increases
Decreases
Decreases in heterogeneous systems
Increases in homogeneous systems
Transforms into chemical adsorption
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Gelatin expands the most in the following solvent:
Water
Diethyl ether
Acetic acid solution
Benzene
Ethanol
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Azo dyes are produced as the result of:
Diazotization
Nitration
Azo coupling
Nitrosation
Amination
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What reaction results in production of phthalic anhydride?
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What drug is produced as the result of reaction between salicylic acid and acetic anhydride?
Benzyl salicylate
Phenyl salicylate
Aspirin
Salicylamide
Sodium salicylate
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Glucose oxidation with a potent oxidizing agent (concentrated HNO3) results in production of:
D-arabinaric acid
D-gluconic acid
D-glucuronic acid
D-glucaric acid
D-galactaric (mucic) acid
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A patient, who lives in the area with specific geochemical conditions, was diagnosed with endemic goiter. What microelement deficiency results in development of this pathology?
Na
F
Br
I
Cl
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An oncological patient was prescribed fluorouracil that is a competitive inhibitor of thymidine synthase. It inhibits the process of:
Carbohydrate disintegration
Lipids synthesis
Purine nucleotides disintegration
Pyrimidine nucleotides synthesis
Purine nucleotides synthesis
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During assessment of air purity in an aseptic unit of a phamacy, sedimentation analysis had been applied. Test resulted in growth of the small colonies with areas of hemolysis. What medium was used for inoculation?
Ploskirev’s agar
Endo agar
Blood agar
Levine’s formulation (Eosin Methylene Blue agar)
Egg-yolk salt agar
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According to van’t Hoff rule, when the temperature is raised by 10 degrees, the reaction rate increases by:
Temperature does not affect reaction rate
5 times
1.5 times
10 times
2-4 times
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What standard solution can be used to standardize the solution of I2?
Potassium iodide solution
Sodium nitrite solution
Sodium thiosulfate solution
Potassium permanganate solution
Potassium dichromate solution
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Catalysts are widely used in production of drugs. How can reaction acceleration in the presence of a catalyst be explained?
Total collision frequency increases
Activation energy decreases
Collision frequency decreases
Molecule speed increases
Activation energy increases
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On examination the patient’s sclera and oral mucosa are icteric. What biochemical blood value can be expected to be increased?
Glucose
Bilirubin
Amylase
Cholesterol
Albumin
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Microorganisms in the environment are being affected by various physical factors. What is the effect of high temperature on a microbial cell?
Irreversible degradation of all cellular structures
Albuminolysis
Fats saponification
Mutagenic effect
Transition into anabiosis state
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Extreme therapeutic effect of activated carbon is due to its high specific surface area. Name the phenomenon when gases are absorbed only by the surface of a solid body:
Adsorption
Recuperation
Desorption
Cohesion
Adhesion
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Pastes are used in medicine to treat skin diseases. What type of disperse systems are they?
Aerosols
Powders
Suspensions
Emulsions
Foams
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In photometric analysis the series of 6-8 standard solutions is used:
To choose optical filter
To assess determination method
To build a calibration curve
To choose cuvettes
To simplify working method
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Ammonium iron(III) sulfate can be used as an indicator in:
Complexometric titration
Alkalimetry
Argentometry, Volhard method
Argentometry, Mohr method
Acidimetry
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Quantitative determination of iodine is done by means of:
Alkalimetry
Redox titration
Precipitation titration
Acidimetry
Complexometric titration
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Separation of substances in chromatography is based on the ability of solutes:
To distribute between two mobile phases
To dissolve
To precipitate
To distribute between two stationary phases
To distribute between the mobile and stationary phases
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Quantitative content of oxalic acid can be determined by means of permanganatometry. How to determine equivalence point for this kind of titration?
With redox indicator diphenylamine
When titrate changes its color after another drop of process solution is added
With adsorption indicator
With specific indicator
With pH indicator
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Surfactants and high-molecular compounds are added into concentrated emulsions to stabilize them. These substances are:
Emulsifiers
Activators
Absorbents
Catalysts
Solvents
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Reaction of benzene sulfonation produces:
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Choose the reaction of ester production among those listed below: A.
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A 25-year-old man has an appointment with the dentist. Several minutes after his oral cavity was lavaged with furacilin (nitrofurazone) the patient developed significant labial edema. What type of allergic reaction is observed in this case?
Stimulated
Anaphylactic
Immune complex
Cytolytic
Delayed-type hypersensitivity
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A patient with gastric carcinoma has undergone several courses of radiation therapy. What system is the first to become functionally disturbed after the body was exposed to ionizing radiation?
Digestive
Blood
Urinary
Respiratory
Nervous
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A patient with acute myocardial infarction received anticoagulation therapy. What compound will have anticoagulation effect?
Hyaluronic acid
Heparin
Chondroitin sulfate
Dermatan sulfate
Keratan sulfate
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Specify what method of redox titration requires the use of specific indicator - starch - to fix the end point:
Iodometry
Bromatometry
Cerimetry
Nitritometry
Permanganatometry
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Causative agents of infectious diseases can be carried both by humans and animals. Name the group of infections that affect animals and can be passed onto humans:
Zooanthroponoses
Sapronoses
Mixed
Zoonoses
Anthroponoses
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During regular check-up a patient presents with enlarged thyroid gland, exophthalmos, increased body temperature, heart rate up to 110/min. What hormone should be measured in the patient’s blood in this case?
Testosterone
Insulin
Glucagon
Cortisol
Thyroxin
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A fruit tree of Rosaceae family has short thorny shoots; the fruit is a distinctivelyshaped pome with stone cells in its pulp. Name this plant:
Prunus spinosa
Prunus armeniaca
Pyrus communis
Malus sylvestris
Cerasus vulgaris
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Pharmacopoeia reaction to determine benzoate ions requires interaction with the solution of:
Potassium chloride
Diphenylamine
Iron(III) chloride
Resorcin
Acetic anhydride
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What solution can be used to detrmine the presence of chloride ions in the potable water?
Potassium bromate
Sodium hydroxide
Silver nitrate
Iodine
Ammonia
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Insulin production in β-cells involves many substances. What substance gives the main signal for insulin synthesis when its concentration changes?
Heparin
Carbon dioxide
Hemoglobin
Urea
Glucose
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Specify the substance that results from the following reaction: ?
Propanone
Acetic acid
Ethanal
Propanal
Ethanol
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An ophthalmologist has detected increased time of dark adaptation in a patient. What vitamin deficiency can result in such symptom?
B6
K
C
B1
A
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Morphologically the herbaceous plant being studied can be identified as Convallaria majalis. To confirm this conclusion additionally, a leaf of this plant was examined under the microscope and a search for the following crystalline inclusions was conducted:
Raphides
Styloid crystals
Druse crystals
Single crystals
Crystal sand
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What type of conducting bundle is characteristic of primary anatomical structure of a root?
Open collateral
Radial
Closed collateral
Bicollateral
Concentric
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Calendula officinalis as a representative of Asteraceae family can be characterized by the following type of inflorescence:
Umbel
Anthodium
Catkin
Corymb
Capitulum
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In the age of 5 months the child had measles antibodies in the blood. By the age of 1 year these antibodies disappeared from the child’s blood. Why were these antibodies present in the child’s blood?
Non-specific resistance
Acquired natural active immunity
Innate immunity
Acquired natural passive immunity
Artificial immunity
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A Gram stained smear shows large oval violet cells that form pseudomycelium. Name these microorganisms:
Plasmodium vivax
Actinomycetales
Candida fungi
Mucor fungi
Penicillium fungi
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Herbarium specimens of medicinal plants are being studied. Which one of them belongs to Rosaceae family?
Melilotus officinalis
Conium maculatum
Capsella bursa-pastoris
Polygonum persicaria
Crataegus sanguinea
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When working in the garden, a man accidentally cut his hand. The wound remained untreated. Shortly after that the wounded area developed inflammation with accumulation of exudate that contained numerous viable and degenerate neutrophils. What type of exudate is it?
Fibrinous
Catarrhal
Serous
Hemorrhagic
Purulent
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A patient presents with persistent fever, with the difference between evening and morning temperature not exceeding 1oC. What type of fever curve is present in this patient?
Continuous
Hectic
Recurrent
Remittent
Intermittent
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Natural peptides can carry out various functions. What bioactive peptide is a major antioxidant and functions as a coenzyme?
Bradykinin
Oxytocin
Anserine
Liberin
Glutathione
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Gout develops when purine nucleotide metabolism is disturbed. The doctor prescribed the patient allopurinol that is a competitive inhibitor of:
Hexokinase
Lactate dehydrogenase
Alcohol dehydrogenase
Succinate dehydrogenase
Xanthine oxidase
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Name the serums made from blood donated by volunteers or reconvalescent donors:
Homologous
Attenuated
Autoimmune
Corpuscular
Heterologous
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During skill building session in the field of microbiology, a student performed inoculation of microorganisms into the solid nutrient medium to obtain isolated colonies. How should inoculation loops be sterilized after that?
Soaking in 1% chloramine-B solution
Formaldehyde vapor sterilization
Boiling under 60oC five times
Dry heat sterilization under 160oC for 120-150 minutes
Heating in the burner flame
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A dry-heat box is used for sterilization of various materials and instruments in a bacteriological laboratory. This sterilization method can be applied to the following objects:
Simple nutrient medium
Glass test tubes
Physiological saline
Rubber gloves
Wire inoculating loops
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A specialist of the analytical laboratory performs direct iodometric determination of ascorbic acid. What indicator is used in this case?
Methyl red
Diphenylamine
Methyl orange
Starch
Phenolphthalein
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A certain herbaceous plant grows on the meadows of the Carpathian Mountains. It has orange anthodium inflorescences, upright stem, and a rosette of basal leaves. Name this plant:
Cychorium intybus
Arnica montana
Centaurea cyanus
Calendula officinalis
Echinacea purpurea
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What indicator is used for fixing the endpoint of mercurimetric titration?
Fluorescein
Eosin
Murexide
Potassium chromate
Thiocyanate complexes of iron(III)
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Ultraviolet irradiation is used in medicine in various physiotherapeutic procedures. What mechanism of medicinal action is characteristic of ultraviolet rays?
Intensification of cell division
Activation of drug action
Activation of vitamin D synthesis
Decrease of melanin synthesis in the skin
Activation of lipid peroxidation
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Human body assimilates fats only as emulsions. Vegetable oils and animal fats contained in food are emulsified when exposed to bile (an emulsifier). How does interface tension change in this case?
Remains unchanged
Decreases
First increases, than decreases
Increases
First decreases, than increases
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A patient has a gallstone lodged in the common bile duct, which blocks bile supply to the intestine. What digestive process will be disturbed in this case?
Protein absorption
Protein digestion
Carbohydrate absorption
Carbohydrate digestion
Fat digestion
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You are studying a silvery downy plant of Asteraceae family, which is rich in essential oils and bitters. Harvested are the apical sprouts with a panicle of small round flower heads. This plant is:
Bidens tripartita
Artemisia absinthium
Chamomilla recutita
Arctium lappa
Calendula officinalis
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A 46-year-old patient presents with hyperactivity of creatine kinase in his blood serum. What pathology can be suspected?
Acute pancreatitis
Hemolytic anemia
Myocardial infarction
Renal failure
Chronic hepatitis
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Among dosage forms there are numerous disperse systems. Select a free disperse system from the list:
Jelly
Diaphragm
Gel
Membrane
Emulsion
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How according to the Pharmacopoeia is pH determined?
Indicator
Spectrophotometry
Conductometry
Polarography
Potentiometry
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A patient is pale, has goose bumps and chills. What stage of fever is it characteristic of?
Temperature decrease
Temperature increase
Continuous fever
Latent stage
Compensation
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Ascarids were detected in a sick child. What changes in leukogram will be the most characteristic of helminthiasis?
Basophilia
Eosinophilia
Neutrophilia
Monocytosis
Lymphocytosis
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A man received a radiation dose of 30 Gy. He presents with necrotic angina and disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Blood tests revealed anemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. What stage of acute radiation sickness is observed in the patient?
Manifest illness stage
Latent stage
Prodromal stage
-
Recovery
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Neuroleptanalgesia has been applied in a case of cardiac infarction. What neuroleptic is most often administered along with fentanyl?
Clozapine
Sulpiride
Levomepromazine
Droperidol
Perphenazine (Aethaperazinum)
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Select the halogenated antiseptic that would be preferable for a child to pack in the first aid kit, when going to a summer camp:
Iodine alcoholic solution
Brilliant green
Methylene blue
Formaldehyde solution
Copper sulfate
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A patient, who was prescribed famotidine to treat peptic ulcer disease, came to the pharmacy. What is this drug’s mechanism of action?
H1-histamine receptor blockade
Inhibition of hydrogen potassium ATPase
H2-histamine receptor blockade
Ganglionic receptor blockade
Muscarinic receptor blockade
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What is represented by such a pharmacokinetic value of a drug as its biological half-life (T1/2)?
Correlation between the drug clearance rate and plasma drug concentration
Period of total body clearance
Time period in which plasma drug concentration decreases by 50%
Blood plasma volume cleared of drug within a time unit
Renal clearance rate
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A doctor needs to prescribe the patient a drug for replacement therapy after thyreoidectomy. What drug would you recommend?
Thiamazole
Prednisolone
L-thyroxine
Parathyroidin
Insulin
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What is the main mechanism of benzylpenicillin bactericidal action on the coccal flora?
Disturbed synthesis of microbial cell wall
Disturbed cytoplasmic membrane permeability
Inhibition of protein synthesis
Increased phagocytic activity of leukocytes
Activation of macroorganism immune system
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What mucolytic agent would you recommend for the patient with acute bronchitis to facilitate expectoration?
Codeine
Glaucine
Hydrocodone
Acetylcysteine
Libexin (Prenoxdiazine)
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A patient with allergic dermatitis came to the hospital. What anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic drug must be prescribed in this case?
Oxytocin
Insulin
Prednisolone
Retabolil (Nandrolone)
Ethamide
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A patient with bronchial asthma was prescribed a drug with the mechanism of action that is primarily based on the stimulation of β2 adrenergic receptors. Name this drug:
Adrenaline hydrochloride
Droperidol
Clonidine
Isadrine (Isoprenaline)
Salbutamol
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Name the ability of a drug to accumulate within the patient’s body:
Cumulation
Habituation
Allergy
Synergism
Antagonism
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What pharmacological effect of acetylsalicylic acid allows its application in patients with ischemic heart disease for prevention of thromboses?
Anti-inflammatory
Antipyretic
Ulcerogenic
Antiaggregant
Analgesic
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A 48-year-old patient has been intravenously administered prednisolone solution to arrest severe attack of bronchial asthma. What group of hormonal agents does prednisolone belong to?
Glucocorticoids
Anabolic steroids
Estrogenic drugs
Mineralocorticoid
Gestagenic drugs
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A doctor has prescribed a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug to relieve inflammation and pain syndrome. Name this drug:
Prednisolone
Calcium chloride
Loratadine
Glibenclamide
Diclofenac sodium
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A patient suffers from hyperchromic B12-deficiency anemia. What vitamin preparation should be prescribed in this case?
Cyanocobalamin
Thiamine chloride
Riboflavin
Vicasol (Menadione)
Retinol acetate
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To stimulate birth activity, a certain neurohypophyseal hormone is used. Name this hormone:
Oxytocin
Insulin
Glucagon
Testosterone
Thyroxine
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Sanitary microbiological investigation of potable water has detected coliphages.
What conclusion can be made about the sanitary-hygienic status of this water?
Artesian water
The water is for industrial use only
The water is safe to drink after boiling
The water is safe to drink
Fecal contamination
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After a traffic accident the driver presents with increased blood glucose. What mechanism leads to hyperglycemia in this case?
Decreased production of glucagon
Decreased production of insulin
Decreased tone of parasympathetic nervous system
Increased production of somatotropic hormone
Sympathoadrenal system activation
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Quantitative determination of iodides by Fajans method is performed with adsorption indicators. The following can be used as an adsorption indicator:
Methyl orange
Phenolphthalein
Murexide
Eosin
Diphenylamine
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Pharmacopoeia reaction of potassium ferrocyanide with zinc cations produces:
Black precipitate
Violet precipitate
White precipitate
Red precipitate
Yellow precipitate
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Rapid analysis of benzoate ions by means of Pharmacopoeia reaction with iron(III) chloride produces:
Blue precipitate
Green precipitate
Pink-yellow precipitate
Red precipitate
Black precipitate
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The following is used to determine the titrant volume in the process of titrimetric analysis:
Measuring tubes
Burettes
Measuring flasks
Cylinders
Measuring glasses
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A dissected flower has numerous stamens that are united by the stamen filaments into several bundles. What is this type of androecium?
Tetradynamous
Monadelphous
Diadelphous
Polyadelphous
Didynamous
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Upon examination of a flower it is determined to have one pistil made up of single free carpel. Therefore, this gynoecium can be identified as:
Lysicarpous
Paracarpous
Monocarpous
Apocarpous
Syncarpous
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Examination of a 45-year-old man, who for a long time kept to a vegetarian plantbased diet, revealed him to have negative nitrogen balance. What peculiarity of his diet has caused such developments?
Insufficient protein content
Excessive water content
Insufficient vitamin content
Excessive carbohydrate content
Insufficient fat content
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After severe emotional strain a 53year-old man suddenly developed acute pain in the heart area, which irradiates to the left hand, to the neck, and under the left scapula. He noted numbness of his left hand. His face is pale and covered in cold sweat. Nitroglycerine administration stopped the pain attack after 10 minutes had passed. What is the most likely disease in this case?
Myocardial infarction
Stroke
Pulmonary embolism
Somatoform autonomic dysfunction
Angina pectoris
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According to the Pharmacopoeia, molecular weight of a high-molecular substance should be determined by means of:
Potentiometry
Nephelometry
Osmometry
Cryometry
Viscometry
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In the process of coagulation by mixtures of different electrolytes, they seem to counteract each other’s effect. Name this phenomenon:
Antagonism
Synergism
Mutual coagulation
Sedimentation
Additivity
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One of the important diagnostic features of garden sage and motherwort is their shape of corolla. Their flowers have the following type of corolla:
Bilabiate
Thimble-shaped
Ligulate
Funnelform
Pseudoligulate
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Investigation of bacterial contamination of indoor air in a pharmacy takes into account the total number of microorganisms present in a certain air volume, as well as qualitative content of indoor air microflora. Name the sanitary-indicative microorganisms for indoor air:
Sarcina
Staphylococcus and streptococcus
Fungi and yeasts
Chromobacterium
Colibacillus
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During ultrasound investigation a patient was diagnosed with bilateralrenal artery stenosis of atherosclerotic genesis. Specify the bioactive substance that due to its excessive secretion is the key component of arterial hypertension pathogenesis in the given case:
Cortisol
Vasopressin
Renin
Thyroxin
Noradrenaline
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Preliminary disinfection of air and working surfaces of the equipment was conducted in the operating room of the surgical inpatient unit. What method of sterilization would be the most advisable in this case?
Irradiation sterilization
Ultraviolet irradiation
Flowing steam
High-frequency current
Formaldehyde vapor
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A patient was prescribed losartan for treatment of arterial hypertension. What mechanism of action does this drug have?
Calcium channel blockade
Angiotensin-receptor blockade
Inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme
Inhibition of phosphodiesterase
Activation of central α-adrenoceptors
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Select the hepatoprotective drugs from the list below:
No-Spa (drotaverine), papaverine hydrochloride
Oxaphenamide (Osalmid), Nicodin
Essentiale (Phospholipides), Thiotriasoline
Festal, Panzinorm (Pancreatin)
Allochol, Cholenzym
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Hydrochloric acid was added into the solution under investigation. The resulting precipitate was filtered, then this filter cake was processed with hot water; after the filtrate cooled, KI solution was added into it. What cation was present in the solution, if the precipitate was colored yellow?
Ag+
Ca2+
Ba2+
Hg2+
Pb2+
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At the end of his shift a worker of the steel foundry felt dizziness, his body temperature increased to 38.5oC. What condition does he present with?
Hypothermia
Fever
Hypertension
Decompression
Hyperthermia
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The third analitycal group of cations (acid-base classification) includes Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+. What acid can function as a precipitator agent (group reagent) for these cations?
HCIO4
H2SO4
CH3COOH
HNO3
HCI
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Students should identify the following to determine the sex of a flower:
Symmetry
Color and type of indumentum
Stamens and pistils
Pedicle and receptacle
Flower cup and corolla
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In spring a perennial plant of Asteraceae family produces floral shoots with gloden-yellow flowers. After blossomfall, shoots with large leaves appear. Name this plant:
Нiреriсum perforatum
Datura stramonium
Potentilla erecta
Petroselinum crispum
Tussilago farfara
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Ultramicroscopy is used to determine the radius of dispersed phase particles. The following should be measured to make the necessary calculations:
Intensity of scattered light
Distance traveled by a tagged particle
Intensity of transmitted light
Number of particles in a definite volume
Time interval in which a tagged particle travels a certain distance
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Permanganatometry is used in determination of many organic and inorganic compounds. What are the main advantages of permanganatometry over the other oxidimetric methods?
High selectivity and sensitivity when determining compounds
Sufficiently high stability of potassium permanganate and its solutions
Various types of indicators can be used; in some cases catalysts are necessary to accelerate the reaction
Pure potassium permanganate is easily available and obtainable
Sufficiently high redox potential; it is possible to determine titration end-point without indicator
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Many organic compounds break up in the cell into simple products. What compounds break up into ammonia, carbon dioxide, and water in the human body?
Keto acids
Monosaccharides
Amino acids
Monohydric alcohols
Fatty acids
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A fruit is a capsule with oblate light brown smooth glossy seeds that mucify when moistened. This fruit belongs to:
Linaria vulgaris
Digitalis purpurea
Ledum palustre
Linum usitatissimum
Hypericum perforatum
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What substance forms colloid solution when dissolved in water?
Sodium sulfate
Potassium gluconate
Sucrose
Collargol
Silver nitrate
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Paracetamol has antipyretic and analgesic effect. In the human body it is neutralized in the following organ:
Spleen
Heart
Lungs
Intestine
Liver
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Rhizome of an Asteraceae family species is polycephalous, succulent, has lysigenous cavities, accumulates inulin. Such underground organ is characterisic of:
Inula helenium
Helianthus annuus
Digitalis grandiflora
Sorbus aucuparia
Hyoscyamus niger
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Silver nitrate solution was added into a solution with anions of the first analytical group. A yellow precipitate was produced as the result, which indicates that this solution contained:
Bromide ions
Sulfate ions
Arsenate ions
Iodide ions
Arsenite ions
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Some medicinal plants are poisonous. Select a poisonous plant from the list below:
Thymus vulgaris
Origaum vulgare
Thymus serpilum
Salvia officinalis
Digitalis purpurea
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What cation can be detected with Chugaiev’s agent (Dimethylglyoxime)?
Ca2+
+
Mn2+
Co2+
Ni2+
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A patient in the state of ketoacidotic coma presents with loud rapid respiration: labored expiration with tension of expiratory muscles occurs after deep inspiration.
Name this type of pathologic respiration:
Stenotic
Cheyne-Stokes’
Kussmaul’s
Biot’s
Gasping
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In a nursery-garden some medicinal plants developed signs of a disease: there are yellow spots and necrotic foci on the leaves. Sap of the diseased plants remained infectious even after passing through a bacteria-excluding filter. No microorganisms growth was detected on the nutrient medium. What microorganisms could be the cause of this disease?
Fungi
Mycoplasma
Ray fungi
Bacteria
Viruses
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A laboratory received ethanol and methanol. What reaction can be used to distinguish between these two substances?
Oxidation (CrO3, H2SO4)
Iodoform test (I2 + NaOH)
Formation of a chelate complex with copper hydroxide
Reaction with halogen anhydrides of inorganic acids
Beilstein test
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Select pyridine from the listed compounds:
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Specify the products of urea hydrolysis:
CO2 + N2 +3H2
CO +2NH3
CO2 +2NH3
CO2 + N2 +3H2O
CO + N2 +3H2
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Specify the products obtained as the result of formic acid being heated with concentrated sulfuric acid:
CO2 + H2
CO + H2
CO + H2O
CO2 + H2O
CO + CO2 + H2O
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Transformation C2H4 (alkene) −→ C2H6 (alkane) occurs during the following reaction:
Dimerization
Dehydrogenation
Dehydration
Hydrogenation
Hydration
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Hydrolysis reaction will NOT occur with:
Glycerol
Fat
Cellulose
Starch
Protein
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What reaction proves that phenol has acidic properties?
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Select ketose from the monosaccharides listed below:
Mannose
Ribose
Glucose
Arabinose
Fructose
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According to Hueckel’s rule an organic compound will have aromatic properties if:
There are condensed nuclei in the molecule
There is a cyclohexane ring in the molecule
Its molecular structure contains a planar cycle with a closed conjugated system that contains (4n+2) of pi electrons, where n =
0,1,2,3, etc.
Its molecules are composed exclusively of carbon and hydrogen atoms that form a linear carbon chain
There is only one substituent in the molecule
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A pharmacy has received a batch of drugs for treatment of upper respiratory tract infection. What drug is used to treat influenza?
Doxycycline
Levamisole
Rimantadine
Methisazone
Idoxuridine
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A woman complains of itching lips; they are reddened and covered in scabs and scales after she had been using new lipstick for two weeks. What allergicreactions result in this kind of disorders?
Anaphylactic
Cytotoxic
Immune complex
Stimulating
Delayed
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Choose the potent fast-acting diuretic to induce forced diuresis:
Triamterene
Spironolactone
Furosemide
Hydrochlorothiazide
Acetazolamide
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Name the psychostimulant with analeptical action, which is a purine derivative:
Medazepam
Caffeine and sodium benzoate
Tramadol
Sodium bromide
Sulpiride
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After ishemic stroke the patient was prescribed a drug to improve his intellectual functioning and memory. What drug would he obtain in the pharmacy?
Diphenin (Phenytoin)
-
Piracetam
Metoclopramide
Tabex (Cytisine)
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A patient with a small cut on the palm came to the dispensing chemist. What antiseptic would be advisable in this case?
Doxycycline hydrochloride
Flemoxin (Amoxicillin)
Lidocaine hydrochloride
Ketoconazole
Hydrogen peroxide
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Mother of a 10-year-old child came to the pharmacy to obtain a drug for prevention of upper respiratory tract infections. What drug would be recommended by the dispensing chemist?
Carvedilol
Doxorubicin
Benzoteph
Interferon
Tetracycline
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A patient came to the pharmacy to obtain an antidiarrheal agent. What drug would be recommended by the dispensing chemist?
Loperamide
Ranitidine
Dicaine (Tetracaine)
Picolax (Sodium picosulfate)
Anesthesin (Benzocaine)
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A patient came to the pharmacy to obtain a drug that contains pancreatic enzymes and can be taked for chronic pancreatitis. What drug would be recommended by the dispensing chemist?
Omeprazole
Pancreatine
Pirenzepine
Triamcinolone
Gordox (Aprotinin)
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Increased concentration of active oxygen forms is a mechanism of pathogenesis in a number of diseases. To prevent this process, antioxidants are prescribed. Select an antioxidant from the list below:
α-tocopherol
Cobalamine
Glucose
Calciferol
Glicerol
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A 28-year-old man with peptic ulcer of the stomach was prescribed a drug that inhibits gastric juice secretion. Specify this drug:
Duphalac (Lactulose)
Ethacrynic acid
Fenofibrate
Omeprazole
Lidocaine
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An engine driver complains of his seasonal allergy symptoms. What nonsedating drug should be prescribed in this case?
Novocaine
Atenolol
Fenofibrate
Analgine (Metamizole)
Loratadine
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Salicylic acid derivatives are widely used in medicine. Specify the formula of salicylic acid:
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When an isolatedsystem spontaneously approaches its equilibrium, its entropy:
Approaches zero
Demonstrates linear magnification
Reaches minimum
Reaches maximum
Approaches infinity
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A pharmacy produces a batch of vials with physiological saline for injections. How should they be sterilized?
In a dry heat sterilizer
In a steam-jacketed autoclave chamber
Under pressure in an autoclave
Ultraviolet irradiation
X-ray irradiation
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A certain dioecious plant commonly grows at the forest edge. It is a shrub with thorned sprouts. Its fruit is a round black coenocarpous drupe (pyrenarium) with 3-4 seeds. Name this plant:
Crataegus sanguinea
Rosa canina
Rhamnus cathartica
Hippophae rhamnoides
Sambucus nigra
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Choose the weakest carboxylic acid basing on its pKa value:
Formic acid (рКа = 3.7)
Propionic acid (рКа = 4.9)
Acetic acid (рКа = 4.7)
Lactic acid (рКа = 3.9)
Butyric acid (рКа = 4.82)
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Which of the amines listed below is a primary amine?
C6H5CH2N(CH3)2
C6H5CH2NHCH3
C6H5CH2NH2
C6H5NHCH3
C6H5N(CH3)2
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It can be safely assumed that the infants born from the mothers with the history of measles will not be affected by the measles outbreak during their stay in the maternity ward. What classes of antibodies provide the infants with the resistance to this disease?
IgD
IgG
IgE
IgM
IgA
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The children attending a kindergarten were hospitalized with diagnosis of poliomyelitis. What was the route of infection transmission in this case?
Direct contact transmission
Vector-borne transmission
Alimentary transmission
Fecal-oral transmission
Transmission via airborne dust particles
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What ion increases osmotic pressure in the focus of inflammation?
Potassium
Fluorine
Magnesium
Chlorine
Calcium
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A 55-year-old man came to a doctor with complaints of acute pain in his big toes. Meat and wine are a permanent fixture in his diet. The doctor suspects gout. What substance must be measured in the patient’s blood to confirm this diagnosis?
Lactate
Ketone bodies
Urea
Uric acid
Bilirubin
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Name the process of cell membrane saturation with a fat-like substance suberin:
Suberization
Mineralization
Lignification
Mucification
Cutinization
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Specify the analgesic that affects opiate receptors and can cause development of tolerance and dependence:
Haloperidol
Morphine
Phenobarbital
Voltaren (Diclofenac sodium)
Medazepam
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During furosemide therapy of a patient with chronic edematous syndrome, his plasma-cation concentration was disturbed. What drug should be used in this case?
Potassium chloride
Ascorutin (Ascorbic acid + Rutoside)
Magne B6
Aspirin
Thiamine bromide
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Upon examination the ophthalmologist diagnosed a 21-year-old woman with visual impairment - hemeralopia (”night blindness”). What drug should this patient take to restore her vision?
Sustac forte (Nitroglycerin)
Cholecalciferol
Retinol acetate
Ergocalciferol
Suprastin (Chloropyramine)
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What bonds participate in creation of both linear and cyclic dimeric carboxylic acid associates?
Nonpolar covalent bonds
Polar covalent bonds
Ionic bonds
Hydrogen bonds
Donor-acceptor bonds
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Heating of sodium phenolate in CO2 stream results in production of a certain carboxylic acid. Name the resulting compound:
Ethyl salicylate
Phenyl salicylate
Salicylic acid
Aminophenol
Benzoic acid
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Which alkadiene of those listed below is a diene with cumulated double bonds?
CH2 = CH − CH = CH2
CH2 = C = CH2
CH2 = CH − CH2 − CH = CH2
CH3 − CH = CH − CH2 − CH = CH2
CH2 = CH −CH2−CH2−CH = CH2
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What compound will be produced as the result of toluene chlorination in the presence of FeCl3 catalyst?
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Select α-maltose from the list:
4-О-(α-D-glucopyranoside)-β-Dglucopyranose
4-О-(α-D-glucopyranoside)-α-Dglucopyranose
4-О-(β-D-glucopyranoside)-α-Dglucopyranose
4-О-(β-D-glucopyranoside)-β-Dglucopyranose
α-D-glucopyranoside-β-D-fructofuranoside
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What compound is synthesized as the result of β-picoline oxidation?
Nicotinic acid
Ascorbic acid
Uric acid
Benzoic acid
Barbituric acid
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Specify quinoline among the compounds given below:
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
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