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Step 1 - Pharmacy 2017
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2 із 200
Bouguer-Lambert-Beer law is the basis of molecular absorption analysis. According to this law, optical density of a solution is:
Directly proportional to layer thickness and concentration of a substance
Directly proportional to layer thickness and absorption coefficient
Inversely proportional to layer thickness and concentration of a substance
Directly proportional to concentration and inversely proportional to layer thickness
Directly proportional to concentration and inversely proportional to absorption coefficient
3 із 200
Within folded parenchyma of a fir needle there are cavernous structures filled with galipot and lined with live thin-walled secretory cells. Name these structures:
Resin ducts
Laticifers
Hydatodes
Glandules
Nectar glands
4 із 200
A chemotherapeutic agent has bactericidal effect against streptococci, staphylococci, bacilli, and clostridia. According to its action spectrum this drug belongs to the following group:
Broad spectrum antibacterial agents
Narrow spectrum antibacterial agents
Broad spectrum antifungal agents
Antiviral agents
Antituberculous agents
5 із 200
Stem thickening occurs due to functioning of the following structures:
Lateral meristem
Apical meristem
Wound meristem
Intercalary meristem
Endoderm
6 із 200
To determine mass fraction of sodium chloride in a drug, the Fajans method should be applied. Titration is to be performed in the presence of the following indicator solution:
Fluorescein
Methyl red
Potassium chromate
Ammonium iron (III) sulfate
Phenolphthalein
7 із 200
Sulfanilamide drugs contain primary aromatic amides in their structure. Specify the method of quantitative determination of these compounds:
Nitritometry
Iodometry
Dichromatometry
Permanganatometry
Cerimetry
8 із 200
Microbe survival within environment is facilitated by spore formation. What microorganisms of those listed below are spore formers:
Clostridia
Bacteroides
Staphylococci
Peptococci
Peptostreptococci
9 із 200
Synthesis of a medicinal substance occurs in an isolated system. What is a direction criterion of spontaneous processes?
Entropy change
Gibbs energy
Helmholtz energy
Intrinsic energy
Enthalpy
10 із 200
Dissociation degree in 0,01 M water solution is the same for all the strong electrolytes listed below. Name the substance with the highest boiling temperature of such solution:
Al2(SO4)3
KCl
Na3PO4
Cu(NO3)2
K3PO4
11 із 200
Proteins are of great importance for vital functions. What value of pH results in zero electrophoretic mobility of gelatin (gelatin isoelectric point equals 4,7)?
4,7
7,0
14,0
5,5
9,4
12 із 200
Enzymes are widely used as drugs in pharmacy. What is the main difference that separates enzymes from non-biological catalysts?
High specificity and selectivity
High universality
Low universality
High dispersion
High homogeneity
13 із 200
Chloroform and sodium nitrite solution were added into the acidulous investigated solution. The chloroform layer colored red-violet, which indicates the presence of:
Iodide ions
Carbonate ions
Chloride ions
Sulfate ions
Fluoride ions
14 із 200
The following should be used for sterilization of laboratory glassware in a microbiological laboratory:
Hot-air sterilizer
Bacteria-excluding filters
Koch’s steam sterilizer
Disinfectant
Bactericidal lamps
15 із 200
Parents of a 10-year-old child have made an appointment with an endocrinologist due to complaints of the child’s low height. The child’s appearance is corresponding with that of a 5-yearold. What hormone causes such changes in physical development, if its secretion is disturbed?
Somatotropic hormone
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Thyroxin
Testosterone
Insulin
16 із 200
Dry residue received after evaporation of the investigated solution turns previously colorless burner flame yellow, which is observed as violet through blue glass. What cations are there in the dry residue?
Na+, K+
a2+, K+
Na+ , Sr2+
Li+, Ba2+
Na+, Ca2+
17 із 200
A smear of purulent excharge from urethra contains gram-negative beanshaped diplococci with both extra- and intracellular positions. Make the provisional microbiological diagnosis:
Gonorrhea
Syphilis
Chlamydiosis
Trichomoniasis
Candidiasis
18 із 200
Under isobaric-isothermal conditions the possibility and direction of spontaneous processes can be predicted through change of:
Gibbs energy
Helmholtz energy
Enthalpy
Entropy
Intrinsic energy
19 із 200
Investigated solution contains potassium and ammonium ions. Specify the reagent that can indicate the presence of potassium ions in this solution:
Potassium tetraiodomercurate
Sodium chloride
Sodium acetate
Potassium hexacyanoferrate (II)
Uranyl zinc acetate
20 із 200
An injured person exhibits the following signs at the site of trauma: skin redness, throbbing small arteries, elevated local temperature, increased tissue turgor. What local blood circulation disorder are these presentations typical of?
Arterial hyperemia
Venous hyperemia
Thrombosis
Embolism
Ischemia
21 із 200
During investigation of bacterial contamination of air it is necessary to take into account both total amount of microorganisms in a certain volume and qualitative content of microflora. What microorganisms are the sanitary indicators of air contamination within enclosed spaces?
Staphylococcus aureus
Colibacillus
Hay bacillus
Yeast fungi
Mold fungi
22 із 200
Purine ring biosynthesis occurs in ribose-5-phosphate through gradual accumulation of nitrogen and carbon atoms and closing of the rings. The source of ribose phosphate is the process of:
Pentose phosphate cycle
Glycolysis
Glyconeogenesis
Gluconeogenesis
Glycogenolysis
23 із 200
Number of freedom degrees at the point of intersection of liquidus with Y-axis on the fusibility chart of a twocomponent system would equal:
0
2
3
4
1
24 із 200
In the process of qualitative analysis to determine strontium ions, so-called ”gypseous water” is used. This substance can be defined as:
Concentrated aqueous solution of CaSO4
Solution of Ca(OH)2
Concentrated aqueous solution of CO2
Aqueous solution of Ba(NO3)2
Solution of (OH)2
25 із 200
Which of the ligands is bidentate?
Ethylenediamine
Thiocyanate ion
Cyanide ion
Pyridine
Hydroxide ion
26 із 200
Name the pH value, under which occurs the most intense color change of an indicator:
pT value
pK value
Color change interval
Equivalence point
Titration end point
27 із 200
What compound produces phthalic acid during oxidation?
28 із 200
To distinguish between phenol and salicylic acid the following reagent is used:
Sodium bicarbonate solution
Iron (III) chloride solution
Sodium hydroxide solution
Sodium chloride solution
Bromine solution
29 із 200
Reaction of benzaldehyde with chlorine produces:
30 із 200
Bacterial culture obtained from patient DOES NOT grow when exposed to oxygen. Conditions suitable for bacterial culture growth can be created in:
Anaerobic culture jar
Serum-supplemented medium
Pasteur oven
Krotov apparatus
Oxidative medium
31 із 200
Specify the number of electrons that participate in creation of closed conjugated system within the pyrimidine molecule:
6
4
10
2
8
32 із 200
An oncological patient was prescribed fluorouracil that is a competitive inhibitor of thymidine synthase. It inhibits the process of:
Pyrimidine nucleotides synthesis
Carbohydrate disintegration
Purine nucleotides synthesis
Purine nucleotides disintegration
Lipids synthesis
33 із 200
During feces analysis of a 3-monthold child with signs of enteric infection, numerous dark-red colonies has grown on Endo agar. What microorganisms can be the cause of such enteric infection?
Escherichia
Streptococci
Gonococci
Salmonellae
Shigella
34 із 200
Sedimentation analysis has been applied for assessment of air purity in an aseptic unit of a phamacy. The test resulted in growth of the small colonies with areas of hemolysis. What medium was used for inoculation?
Blood agar
Levine’s agar (Eosin Methylene Blue agar)
Endo agar
Ploskirev’s agar
Egg-yolk salt agar
35 із 200
Reaction of urea with nitrous acid produces the following:
CO2 + N2 + H2O
CO2 + NO2 + H2O
CO + NH3 + CO2
CO2 + NO + NH3
CO2 + NH3 + NO2
36 із 200
Surface tension is an important characteristic of a liquid. What substance has maximal surface tension?
Water
Ethanol
Benzene
Acetone
Chloroform
37 із 200
What standard solution can be used to standardize the solution of I2?
Sodium thiosulfate solution
Potassium iodide solution
Potassium dichromate solution
Potassium permanganate solution
Sodium nitrite solution
38 із 200
Catalysts are widely used in production of drugs. How can reaction acceleration in the presence of a catalyst be explained?
Activation energy decreases
Total collision frequency increases
Activation energy increases
Collision frequency decreases
Molecule speed increases
39 із 200
Microorganisms in the environment are being affected by various physical factors. What is the effect of high temperature on a microbial cell?
Irreversible degradation of all cellular structures
Mutagenic effect
Transition into anabiosis state
Albuminolysis
Fats saponification
40 із 200
A person has been stung by a bee. The stung area developed redness and edema. What is the main mechanism of edema development?
Increased permeability of the capillaries
Decreased oncotic blood pressure
Increased hydrostatic blood pressure
Decreased osmotic blood pressure
Disturbed lymphatic efflux
41 із 200
During identification of fruits of Datura family they were determined to be a:
Thorned quadrivalve capsule
Glossy black berry
Urceolate capsule with a lid
Juicy globular cynarodium
Berry in an orange cup
42 із 200
During examination of a patient with intestinal infection, inoculation in Endo medium resulted in multi-colored colonies: red and colorless. According to its purpose this medium can be determined as:
Differential diagnostic
Universal
Special
Selective
-
43 із 200
Formation enthalpy equals zero for the following substance:
O2
H2O2
H2SO4
CaCO3
44 із 200
Nicotinic acid amide fulfills important metabolic function. What disorder develops, when it is deficient in the organism?
Pellagra
Rickets
Anemia
Xerophthalmia
Beriberi
45 із 200
At the triple point of the water phase diagram:
f=0
f=2
P=3; f=1
f=1
P=3; n=1
46 із 200
Reaction of benzene sulfonation produces:
47 із 200
Select the formula of diazonium salt:
48 із 200
Choose the reaction of ester production among those listed below:
49 із 200
A patient was delivered into a resuscitation unit with signs of alcohol poisoning. The patient developed hypoxia of the following pathogenesis:
Tissue
Hypoxic
Hemic
Circulatory
Mixed
50 із 200
Select the compound with amphoteric properties (which reacts both with acids and bases and produces salts):
51 із 200
Since 2005 in Asian and European countries there was recorded unusually high avian flu morbidity. Such spread of epidemic process can be determined as:
Pandemia
Epidemic
Endemia
Sporadic
Epizooty
52 із 200
Pharmacopoeia reaction to determine benzoate ions requires interaction with the solution of:
Iron (III) chloride
Potassium chloride
Resorcin
Acetic anhydride
Diphenylamine
53 із 200
Tricarboxylic acid cycle is a general way of carbohydrates, amino acids, and fatty acids oxidation. Specify the acid with which acetyl-CoA reacts first in tricarboxylic acid cycle:
Oxaloacetic
Citric
Isocitric
Fumaric
Malic
54 із 200
Specify the substance that results from the following reaction: CH ≡ CH HOH, Hg2+ −−−−−−−→?
Ethanal
Ethanol
Propanal
Propanone
Acetic acid
55 із 200
Choose the indicator and titration method to determine hydrogen carbonate ions in a drug:
Methyl-orange, acidimetry
Phenolphthalein, acidimetry
Methyl-orange, alkalimetry
Phenolphthalein, alkalimetry
Murexide, acidimetry
56 із 200
Pharmacopoeia reaction to determine phosphate ions is a reaction with magnesia mixture. It results in production of white crystalline precipitate gNH4PO4. Magnesia mixture consists of the following:
MgCl2, NH3 • H2O, NH4Cl
MgCl2, NaOH, NaCl
MnCl2, NH3 • H2O, NaCl
MgCl2, MnSO4, NH4Cl
MgCl2, NH4Cl
57 із 200
An ophthalmologist has detected increased time of dark adaptation in a patient. What vitamin deficiency can result in such symptom?
A
C
K
B1
B6
58 із 200
Prolonged taking of cytostatic agents resulted in development of necrotic tonsillitis in the patient. It can be associated with the following changes in the leukocyte content:
Agranulocytosis
Neutrophilic leukocytosis
Lymphopenia
Eosinopenia
Lymphocytosis
59 із 200
During photosynthesis within plant cell chloroplasts there is short-term retained starch being produced, which rapidly hydrolyzes into glucose. This starch is called:
Primary
Secondary
Transitory
Resistant
Reserve
60 із 200
A patient with type I diabetes mellitus developed hyperketonemic coma. What acid-base imbalance will be observed in the patient?
Nongaseous acidosis
Gaseous acidosis
Nongaseous alkalosis
Gaseous alkalosis
There will be no acid-base imbalances
61 із 200
Reaction rate constant of a hypothetical reaction is measured as s−1. What is the order of this reaction?
First-order
Zero-order
Second-order
Third-order
Fractional-order
62 із 200
Species character of Thymus serpyllum includes: apical inflorescences (flower heads), dark punctate glands on the inferior surface of a leaf, long hairs along the edge of leaf base, and:
Creeping stems
Thorns
Stems with prickles
Climbing stems
Short decumbent stems
63 із 200
Natural peptides can perform various functions. What bioactive peptide is a major antioxidant and fulfills coenzyme functions?
Glutathione
Bradykinin
Oxytocin
Liberin
Anserine
64 із 200
Gout develops when purine nucleotide metabolism is disturbed. A doctor prescribed the patient allopurinol that is a competitive inhibitor of:
Xanthine oxidase
Succinate dehydrogenase
Alcohol dehydrogenase
Lactate dehydrogenase
Hexokinase
65 із 200
Specify the indicator of the protective properties of high-molecular compounds of body, which promote the retention of calcium, phosphate and carbonate in blood plasma:
Protective value
Coagulation threshold
Critical micelle concentration
Hydrophilic-lipophilic balance
Volume of sol coagulated by 1 mol of the electrolyte substance
66 із 200
In a research center there is a live vaccine against dysentery being created. What property of attenuated vaccine strain should coincide with the properties of original virulent strain of dysentery bacillus?
Antigenic structure
Morphology
Biochemical activity
Antibiotic susceptibility
Toxin production
67 із 200
Plantago major inflorescence grows at the apex, its rachis is long, with sessile flowers. Name this type of inflorescence:
Spike
Panicle
Spadix
Capitulum
Thyrse
68 із 200
Microbiological investigation of vaginal suppositories determined them to be CONTRARY to the Pharmacopoeia demands. What microflora was detected in the suppositories, resulting in such a conclusion?
Blue pus bacillus
Sarcina
Micrococcus
Tetracoccus
Citrobacter
69 із 200
A number of hereditary diseases is caused by mutations in gene areas that determine beginning or end of an intron. What process results in removal of introns and joining of exons?
Splicing
Transcription
Recombination
Replication
Translation
70 із 200
Hyperlipemia can be observed in 23 hours after eating fatty food. 9 hours later lipid content normalizes again. How can this condition be characterized?
Alimentary hyperlipemia
Transport hyperlipemia
Hyperplastic obesity
Retention hyperlipemia
Hypertrophic obesity
71 із 200
Name the mercurimetry titrant:
0,1 М solution of Hg2(NO3)2
0,1 М solution of NaNO2
0,1 М solution of AgNO3
0,1 М solution of KSCN
0,1 М solution of NH4SCN
72 із 200
What inflorescences are characteristic of Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) family?
Raceme or panicle
Capitulum or corymb
Capitulum or umbel
Corymb or spike
Spadix or panicle
73 із 200
What cation of the 4th analytical group is present in a solution, if its reaction with the group reagent results in formation of yellow precipitate?
Cr3+
Zn2+
Sn2+
Al3+
Sn(IV)
74 із 200
A patient presents with icteric sclera and mucous tunics; urine is dark; feces are light-colored. Blood content of direct and indirect bilirubin is increased, urine content of direct bilirubin is increased. What pathology can be characterized by these signs?
Obstructive jaundice
Hemolytic jaundice
Hepatocellular jaundice
Jaundice of the newborn
Atherosclerosis
75 із 200
The patient presents with rapid growth of a tumor node and its progressing malignization. What stage of tumor growth can be characterized by these presentations?
Progression
Promotion (activation)
Transformation
Exudation
Inactivation
76 із 200
You are studying a silvery downy plant of Asteraceae family, which is rich with essential oils and bitters. Harvested are apical sprouts with panicle of small round flower heads. This plant is:
Artemisia absinthium
Arctium lappa
Bidens tripartita
Calendula officinalis
Chamomilla recutita
77 із 200
Among dosage forms there are numerous disperse systems. Specify the free disperse system:
Emulsion
Gel
Jelly
Diaphragm
Membrane
78 із 200
A 55-year-old man, who had been suffering from mitral insufficiency for many years, developed acute heart failure. What pathophysiological type of heart failure can be observed in this case?
Due to cardiac overload
Due to hypoxic damage to the heart
Due to coronarogenic damage to the heart
Due to neurogenic damage to the heart
Due to acute cardiac tamponade
79 із 200
Cataract (lenticular opacity) has developed in a 52-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus. Lenticular opacity was caused by intensification of the following processes:
Protein glycosylation
Lipolysis
Ketogenesis
Protein proteolysis
Gluconeogenesis
80 із 200
During practice in the laboratory the students had been investigating in vitro, how malonate affects enzymes of tricarboxylic acid cycle. They detected accumulation of the following metabolite:
Succinate
Malate
Isocitrate
Fumarate
Succinyl-CoA
81 із 200
Aqueous solution of the following substance will have the smallest surface tension, if all the listed solutions are taken in the same concentration:
Sodium stearate
Ethanol
Sodium chloride
Sodium hydroxide
Sucrose
82 із 200
A 45-year-old woman, who for two weeks has been taking neodicoumarin (ethyl biscoumacetate) due to trombophlebitis, during a regular examination was detected to have decreased blood content of prothrombin, in urine there is microhematuria. What drug should be administered as a neodicoumarin antagonist?
Vicasol (Menadione)
Protamine sulfate
Sodium citrate
Heparin
Aminocapronic acid
83 із 200
A patient complaining of dry mouth, photophobia, and visual impairment has been delivered into an admission room. The skin is hyperemic and dry; pupils are dilated; tachycardia is observed. The patient was diagnosed with belladonna alkaloids intoxication. What drug would be advisable?
Proserin
Aceclidine
Pilocarpine
Armin
Dipiroxim
84 із 200
A child accidentally took a drink from the vial of grandmother’s medicine for glaucoma. The medicine was identified as pilocarpine hydrochloride. What drug can be used as an antidote?
Atropine
Carbachol
Aceclidine
Benzohexonium (Hexamethonium)
Pentamin (Azamethonium bromide)
85 із 200
A woman suffering from neurosis has disturbed sleep. What drug is optimal for insomnia treatment?
Nitrazepam
Phenobarbital
Aethaminalum-natrium (Pentobarbital)
Bromisoval
Valerian tincture
86 із 200
What antiprotozoal drug can be recommended to a woman with trichomoniasis?
Metronidazole
Primaquine
Chloridine
Solusurminum (Sodium stibogluconate)
Chiniofon
87 із 200
Select the halogenated antiseptic that would be preferable for a child to pack in the first aid kit, when going to a summer camp:
Iodine alcoholic solution
Brilliant green
Copper sulfate
Methylene blue
Formaldehyde solution
88 із 200
Name the most typical symptom of atropine poisoning:
Dilated pupils unresponsive to light
Constricted pupils unresponsive to light
Excessive sweating
Bradycardia
Low intraocular pressure
89 із 200
A patient consulted an ophthalmologist about deterioration of twilight vision and xerophthalmus. What drug should the doctor prescribe?
Retinol
Pyridoxine
Tocopherol
Ascorbic acid
Cocarboxylase
90 із 200
A woman with hypertension came to a doctor complaining of dry cough that developed against the background of her therapy. What antihypertensive drug was she taking?
Lisinopril
Atenolol
Nifedipine
Furosemide
Dichlothiazide (Hydrochlorothiazide)
91 із 200
Decreased absorption of tetracyclines, if they are taken simultaneously with antacids, is an example of their:
Pharmacokinetic incompatibility
Pharmaceutical incompatibility
Pharmacodynamic incompatibility
Synergism
Functional antagonism
92 із 200
A patient after craniocerebral trauma has been prescribed piracetam. What pharmacological group does this drug belong to?
Nootropic agents
Non-narcotic analgesics
Tranquilizers
General anesthetics
Antipsychotics
93 із 200
Recommend the patient with glaucoma an M-cholinomimetic agent:
Pilocarpine hydrochloride
Ephedrine hydrochloride
Sulfacyl-sodium (Sulfacetamide)
Atropine sulfate
Levomycetin (Chloramphenicol)
94 із 200
A patient with hypertension was prescribed a nonselective betaadrenergic blocking agent. Name this drug:
Anaprilin (Propranolol)
Prazosin
Proserin
Adrenalin hydrochloride
Labetalol
95 із 200
In the course of bronchitis pharmacotherapy a patient has developed dyspeptic disorders, photodermatitis and hepatic failure. What drug can cause such disorders?
Doxycycline
Paracetamol
Ascorbic acid
Acetylcysteine
Codeine phosphate
96 із 200
A 25-year-old woman with signs of acute morphine intoxication was administered naloxone, which rapidly improved her condition. What is the mechanism of action of this drug?
Opioid receptor blockade
GABA receptor blockade
Serotonin receptor blockade
Dopamine receptor blockade
Benzodiazepine receptor blockade
97 із 200
Name the ability of a drug to accumulate within the patient’s body:
Cumulation
Antagonism
Synergism
Habituation
Allergy
98 із 200
What pharmacological effect of acetylsalicylic acid allows its application in patients with ischemic heart disease for prevention of thromboses?
Antiaggregant
Analgesic
Antipyretic
Ulcerogenic
Anti-inflammatory
99 із 200
A patient developed herpetic rashes. What drug should be prescribed in this case?
Acyclovir
Gentamicin
Clotrimazole
Benzylpenicillin
Biseptol (Co-trimoxazole)
100 із 200
A woman complaining of sleep disturbance, fearfulness, and anxiety came to a neurologist. What drug should be prescribed in this case?
Diazepam
Levodopa
Nitroglycerine
Oxytocin
Lisinopril
101 із 200
A man developed cardiac arrest due to thoracic trauma. Name the drug that should be introduced into the cavity of the left ventricle in this case:
Adrenalin hydrochloride
Salbutamol
Lisinopril
Proserin
Metoprolol
102 із 200
A patient with acute heart failure was administered corglycon. What effect of this drug results in improvement of the patient’s condition?
Increased heart force
Decreased heart force
Coronary vessels dilatation
Increased heart rate
Decreased oxygen demand of myocardium
103 із 200
Explain to an intern, what is the mechanism of analgesic action of morphine hydrochloride:
Opiate receptors stimulation
Histamine receptors blockade
Phosphodiesterase blockade
Adenylate cyclase stimulation
Choline esterase blockade
104 із 200
What pharmacological effect of diazepam allows its application for termination of convulsions?
Anticonvulsant
Analgesic
Antipyretic
Anti-inflammatory
Hypnotic
105 із 200
A patient suffers from hyperchromic B12-deficiency anemia. What vitamin preparation should be prescribed in this case?
Cyanocobalamin
Riboflavin
Vicasol (Menadione)
Thiamine chloride
Retinol acetate
106 із 200
A man is diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease. What drug should be prescribed in this case?
Levodopa
Nitrazepam
Paracetamol
Aminazine
Anaprilin (Propranolol)
107 із 200
Direct titration CANNOT be applied for quantitative determination of calcium chloride by means of permanganatometry, because:
The investigated substance does not interact with the titrant
The reaction runs very quickly
It is impossible to select the indicator to determine titration end point
Side reactions are possible
The reaction runs slowly
108 із 200
Colored or white component of double perianth, which consists of petals, is a:
Corolla
Flower cup
Androecium
Gynoecium
Perigonium
109 із 200
A 54-year-old man requested a pharmacist’s advice on drug prescription. The patient has 4-year-long history of chronic glomerulonephritis and 2-yearlong history of persistent hypertension. What substance synthesized in the kidneys has important role in development of arterial hypertension?
Renin
Nitric oxide
Aldosterone
Histamine
Catecholamines
110 із 200
A patient complains of general weakness, muscle weakness in the extremities (if the patient is asked to make a fist several times in a row, for example, the patient is capable of doing it only once), facial muscles are weak, swallowing is disturbed. Administration of acetylcholinesterase drugs removes these disturbances to a certain degree. Determine the pathology:
Myasthenia
Paralysis
Paresis
Hemiplegia
Monoplegia
111 із 200
A drug solution sterilized by means of boiling was tested for sterility. Inoculation on Kitt-Tarozzi medium revealed clostridia. Clostridia survived the boiling because they are:
Spore-formers
Thermophilic
Anaerobic
Prototrophic
Acid-fast
112 із 200
A 71-year-old woman developed mechanical jaundice due to obstruction of the bile duct with a chololith. Decrease of blood pressure and bradycardia are detected. These changes in functioning of the patient’s cardiovascular system are caused by increased blood content of the following substance:
Bile acids
Direct bilirubin
Indirect bilirubin
Urobilin
Stercobilin
113 із 200
A sanitary-epidemic station employee has been poisoned when the premices were processed with an organophosphorous insecticide. What enzyme is inhibited by organophosphorous compounds?
Acetylcholinesterase
Lactate dehydrogenase
Xanthine oxidase
Catalase
Pepsin
114 із 200
Indican excretion is a diagnostic criterion of intencified protein putrefaction in the intestine. Name the end product of tryptophan ”decay” occurring in the large intestine:
Indole
Putrescine
Benzoic acid
Mercaptan
Hydrogen sulfide
115 із 200
The second stage of detoxification involves joining certain chemical compounds with functional groups of toxines. Select one such compound:
Glucuronic acid
Higher fatty acids
Cholesterol
Glucose
Pyruvate
116 із 200
Actinomorphic apopetalous corolla include:
Cruciform
Funnelform
Campanulate
Tubular
Ligulate
117 із 200
Selective medium can be used to separate various species of bacteria in a bacteriological laboratory. What medium of those listed below can be determined as selective?
Alkaline peptone water
Meat infusion broth
Meat infusion agar
Hiss’ serum water medium
Endo agar
118 із 200
A 5-year-old child presents with abdominal distension, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea occurring 1-4 hours after drinking milk. Described symptoms are caused by the lack of enzymes that break up:
Lactose
Glucose
Maltose
Saccharose
Fructose
119 із 200
If pH of a solution is lower than its isoelectric point, it means in this solution:
Cation forms of amino acids are prevalent
Anion and cation forms of amino acids are balanced
Certain protein aggregates are formed
Irreversible protein precipitation occurs
Anion forms of amino acids are prevalent
120 із 200
Avidin - an egg white protein inhibits reception of biotin (carboxylase coenzyme) by the body. What reaction will be blocked by avidin administration?
CO2 attachment to pyruvate
NH3 attachment to glutamate
NH3 detachment from glutamine
Detachment of phosphate residuals
Beta-oxidation of fatty acids
121 із 200
During mercurimetric titration of halogenide ions in the presence of diphenylcarbazone, at the titration end point the precipitate is produced. This precipitate will be colored:
Blue
Red
Yellow
Green
Brown
122 із 200
When determining oxidizing agents by means of iodometry in the presence of starch the following phenomenon can be observed at the titration end point:
Blue coloring disappears
Red coloring appears
Green coloring of precipitate appears
Green coloring of solution disappears
White precipitate occurs
123 із 200
To obtain exotoxins of some microorganisms, these microorganisms are inoculated into liquid nutrient medium, where microbial cultivation occurs and toxins are produced. At a certain stage it is necessary to remove the microbial cells from the medium, that is, to separate the toxins from microbes. What method should be applied in this case?
Bacteria-excluding filters
Boiling
Autoclaving
Ultraviolet irradiation
Disinfectants (chloramine)
124 із 200
A plant producing essential oil has square stem, bilabiate corolla, coenobium fruit. These features are characteristic of:
Lamiaceae
Papaveraceae
Polygonaceae
Solanaceae
Scrophulariaceae
125 із 200
A plant under investigation has compound uniform monopodium inflorescence - compound umbel. What plant is it characteristic of?
Anethum graveolens
Allium cepa
Sorbus aucuparia
Rosa canina
Centaurea cyanus
126 із 200
During field practice a student was tasked with making a morphological collection of coenocarpous fruits. What type of fruit belongs to this group?
Hesperidium
Aggregate-accessory fruit
Fragaria
Cynarodium
Drupe
127 із 200
A patient with gingivitis was prescribed oral cavity irrigation with 0,02% potassium permanganate solution. What group of antiseptics does this drug belong to?
Oxidants
Dyes
Detergents
Alcohols
Nitrofurans
128 із 200
To relieve dry cough a patient with bronchitis was prescribed a drug that is an alkaloid of yellow horned-poppy. Name this drug:
Glaucine hydrochloride
Codeine phosphate
Libexin (Prenoxdiazine)
Oxeladin
Codterpin
129 із 200
Hydrochloric acid was added into the solution under investigation. The resulting precipitate was filtered, then this filter cake was processed with hot water; after the filtrate cooled, KI solution was added into it. What cation was present in the solution, if the precipitate was colored yellow?
Pb2+
Ag+
Hg2+
Ca2+
Ba2+
130 із 200
When cations are divided into analytical groups according to the acidbase classification, group reagents can be acids or bases. What acids can be used as group reagents?
HCI, H2SO4
HNO3, CH3COOH
H3PO4, H2C2O4
HCIO4
H2CO3
131 із 200
Main process of ammonia neutralization occurs in the liver. Arginine decomposition reaction that produces urea as a result is catalyzed with arginase. What group of enzymes does arginase belong to?
Hydrolases
Synthetases
Oxidoreductases
Transferases
Isomerases
132 із 200
Connection between plant cell protoplasts and their metabolic function is provided by thin cytoplasmic threads that pass through pores in the cell walls. Name these threads:
Plasmodesma
Fibrils
Microtubules
Microfilaments
Cytoskeleton
133 із 200
On autopsy there are numerous suppurative foci within many of the internal organs. What pathological process is it characteristic of?
Septicopyemia
Septicemia
Sepsis
Bacteriemia
Toxemia
134 із 200
Isotonicity is required of infusion solutions. What phenomenon occurs when a hypertensive solution is introduced into blood plasma?
Plasmolysis
Osmosis
Hemolysis
Denaturation
Thixotropy
135 із 200
The third analitycal group of cations (acid-base classification) includes Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+. What acid can function as a precipitator agent (group reagent) for these cations?
H2SO4
HNO3
HCI
CH3COOH
HCIO4
136 із 200
During routine preventive examination the local pediatrician noticed a boy of short stature. Mental development of the child corresponds with his age. What endocrine disorder is it?
Pituitary nanism
Cretinism
Acromegalia
Gigantism
Rickets
137 із 200
Eicosanoids synthesis begins with freeing polyene acids from membrane phospholipids by means of a specific phospholipase. Name this enzyme:
Phospholipase A2
Cyclooxygenase
Phospholipase C
Protein kinase
Arginase
138 із 200
Thermal analysis is used in pharmacy to identify drugs and determine drug purity. What coordinates are necessary to build a cooling curve?
Temperature-time
Pressure-time
Volume-temperature
Volume-time
Temperature-volume
139 із 200
Both scientific and folk medicine uses medicinal plant Glycyrrhiza glabra L. What part of the plant is harvested?
Roots and rhizomes
Foliage
Inflorescence
Grass
Seeds
140 із 200
Choose the formula of nonionic surfactant among those listed below:
CH3(OCH2CH2)10OH
C15H31COONa
C11H23OSO3Na
C6H13NH2COONa
C2H5NH2 • HCl
141 із 200
A pregnant woman was diagnosed with vaginal dysbacteriosis. What drug should be prescribed in this case?
Probiotic
Antibiotic
Bacteriophage
Interferon
Polyvitamins
142 із 200
A patient has been receiving Theophylline (inhibitor of cyclic adenosine monophosphate phosphodiesterase) for a week. What hormone can increase its action due to such treatment and cause hyperglycemia?
Glucagon
Testosterone
Aldosterone
Insulin
Estradiol
143 із 200
Reaction of sodium ions with potassium hexahydroxoantimonate (V) in neutral medium produces precipitate. Specify the color of this precipitate:
White
Red
Yellow
Green
Blue
144 із 200
Reaction with potassium permanganate is used to detect reducing anions. Specify the anion that decolorizes potassium permanganate:
Sulfite
Carbonate
Tetraborate
Sulfate
Arsenate
145 із 200
A 25-year-old-patient with the II degree thermal burns came to a doctor. Objectively: there are large blisters on the upper limbs; the blisters are filled with clear exudate containing mostly water and albumines with isolated leukocytes. Name the type of the exudate:
Serous
Catarrhal (mucous)
Fibrinous
Purulent
Hemorrhagic
146 із 200
Rhizome of an Asteraceae family species is polycephalous, succulent, has lysigenous cavities, accumulates inulin. Such underground organ is characterisic of:
Inula helenium
Hyoscyamus niger
Digitalis grandiflora
Sorbus aucuparia
Helianthus annuus
147 із 200
Osmotic pressure is an important characteristic of biological fluids. Semipermeable membranes are necessary for penetration of solvent molecules. What substance CANNOT be used as a semipermeable membrane?
Glass
Biological membrane
Collodion film
Parchment
Gelatine
148 із 200
Specify the substance that can be determined by means of polarimetry:
Glucose
This method will suffice for any substance
Sulfuric acid
Sodium chloride
Benzene
149 із 200
A local general practitioner recommends taking interferon for influenza prevention. What is the mechanism of action of this drug?
Blocks virus protein synthesis
Blocks virus stripping
Inhibits virion exit from cells
Prevents adsorption of virus in cell receptors
Disrupts the process of virus assembly
150 із 200
What cation can be detected with Chugaiev’s agent (Dimethylglyoxime)?
Ni2+
Ca2+
+
Mn2+
Co2+
151 із 200
A solution of hydrogen peroxide in an acid medium was added into investigated solution, leading to blue coloring of the resulting solution. This analytical effect indicates the presence of the following anions:
Cr2O7(2−)
MnO4(−)
Cr2O4(2−)
NO3(−)
Cl(−)
152 із 200
A patient presents with hypoxia. What metabolic process activates when oxygen supply is insufficient?
Anaerobic glycolysis
Urea cycle
Pentose-phosphate pathway
Oxidative decarboxylation of keto acids
Tricarboxylic acid cycle
153 із 200
A child had been administered antidiphtheric serum. What resistance was formed in the child?
Passive
Active
Primary
Pathologic
Physiological
154 із 200
A patient with brain edema presents with respiration that is characterized by periods of several respiratory movements of equal amplitude alternating with periods of apnea. What pathologic respiration is it characteristic of?
Biot’s respiration
Gasping respiration
Apneustic respiration
Cheyne-Stokes’ respiration
Kussmaul’s respiration
155 із 200
A patient in the state of ketoacidotic coma presents with loud rapid respiration: labored expiration with tension of expiratory muscles occurs after deep inspiration. Name the type of pathologic respiration:
Kussmaul’s
Cheyne-Stokes’
Gasping
Stenotic
Biot’s
156 із 200
In a nursery-garden some medicinal plants developed signs of a disease: there are yellow spots and necrotic foci on the leaves. Sap of the diseased plants remained infectious even after passing through a bacteria-excluding filter. No microorganisms growth was detected on the nutrient medium. What microorganisms could be the cause of this disease?
Viruses
Fungi
Ray fungi
Bacteria
Mycoplasma
157 із 200
Bark of a thornless xylophyte of the Rhamnaceae family has laxative effect. Name this plant:
Frangula alnus
Aronia melanocarpa
Hippophaё rhamnoides
Rubus idaeus
Crataegus sanguinea
158 із 200
Different structures of a bacterial cell perform different functions. What dispensable component of a cell ensures its survival within hostile environment?
Spores
Flagella
Capsule
Cilia
Inclusions
159 із 200
Total content of chloride, bromide, and iodide ions in the investigated solution can be quantitatively determined with the following titrant:
Silver nitrate solution
Potassium dichromate solution
Sodium thiosulfate solution
Potassium permanganate solution
Sodium nitrite solution
160 із 200
Specify the reaction product of complete aniline hydrogenation:
161 із 200
Name the isomer of diethyl ether functional group: CH3 − CH2 − O − CH2 − CH3:
Butanol
Ethanol
Butanal
Ethyl acetate
Dimethyl ether
162 із 200
What substance can be identified with aqueous solution of FeCl3?
163 із 200
What reaction proves that phenol has acidic properties?
164 із 200
Gravimetry (precipitation method) is used for quantitative determination of sulfates in potable water. What substance should be used as precipitator for sulfates?
BaCI2
KCI
MgCI2
NaCI
NH4NO3
165 із 200
In 9 days after administration of a therapeutic serum the patient developed urticaria, itching, edemas, and lymph nodes enlargement. What type of allergic reaction has occurred in the patient?
Immune complex
Cytotoxic
Anaphylactic
Stimulating
Cellular
166 із 200
Which of the listed compounds is an alpha-amino acid?
167 із 200
Exudation is characteristic of inflammation. What factors cause exudation and local edema of the inflamed area?
Increased permeability of vessel wall
Hyperglycemia
Ischemia
Leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells
Decreased permeability of vessel wall
168 із 200
For cardiovascular disease prevention the patient was recommended to take vitamin F. What is the chemical nature of this vitamin?
Complex of polyunsaturated fatty acids
Cholesterol derivative
Polysaccharide complex
Amino acids complex
Carotin derivative
169 із 200
Wetting occurs when a drop of a liquid comes into contact with the surface of a solid substance. The degree of wetting is measured through:
Contact angle
Drop density
Surface tension
Drop size
Work of adhesion
170 із 200
A perennial plant has white flower heads grouped in compound corymbs and bipinnatisected or tripinnatisected leaves. Name this plant:
Аchillea millefolium
Melilotus officinalis
Potentilla erecta
Phaseolus vulgaris
Taraxacum officinale
171 із 200
What organic compounds are produced in the result of intramolecular dehydration of monohydric alcohols?
Alkenes
Esters
Aldehydes
Alkanes
Arenes
172 із 200
A group of children in the kindergarten (6-year-olds) received Mantoux test; 15 children presented with negative results. What measures should be taken towards these children?
BCG vaccination
Tuberculosis antitoxin
Isolation
Repeat the test
Referral for fluorography
173 із 200
Increased concentration of active oxygen forms is a mechanism of pathogenesis in a number of diseases. To prevent this process, antioxidants are prescribed. Select an antioxidant from the list below:
Alpha-tocopherol
Glucose
Calciferol
Cobalamine
Glicerol
174 із 200
During excursion into a conifer forest the students noticed that bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) stems are lignified only partially in their lower part, the upper part of the stem retains the form of caulis. Therefore, this plant can be classified as:
Suffrutex
Annual grass
Liana
Perennial grass
Tree
175 із 200
Antibiotics derived from various species of actinomycetes are widely used in medical practice. Point out these drugs among those listed below:
Aminoglycosides (streptomycin, monomycin)
Penicillin, cephalosporin, griseofulvin
Polymyxin, bacitracin
Chloreline, arenarinum
Lysozyme, erytrinum
176 із 200
In a human body there occur numerous reactions of direct interaction between substrate and molecular oxygen. What enzyme catalyzes attachment of two oxygen atoms to the substrate?
Dioxygenase
Catalase
Monooxygenase
Superoxide dismutase
Glutathione reductase
177 із 200
Seeds of rye, corn, and other crops have small corymb-shaped cotyledon and accumulate nutrients in the:
Endosperm
Perisperm
Shell
Gemmule
Embryo root
178 із 200
A 55-year-old man came to a doctor with complaints of acute pain in his big toes. Meat and wine remain permanently in his diet. The doctor suspects gout. What substance must be measured in the patient’s blood to confirm this diagnosis?
Uric acid
Urea
Lactate
Bilirubin
Ketone bodies
179 із 200
Isotonic glucose solution is widely used as a solvent or infuson medium for introduction of various drugs. What mass fraction is characteristic of this solution?
5%
10%
15%
20%
1%
180 із 200
Name the process of cell membrane saturation with a fat-like substance suberin:
Suberization
Lignification
Mineralisation
Cutinization
Sliming
181 із 200
A man has been suffering from rheumatoid arthritis for 10 years. Due to its exacerbation he had been taking acetylsalicylic acid and prednisolone. The patient complains of stomachache, eructation, nausea, sensation of full epigastrium, and meteorism. On gastroscopy there was an erosion (0,5x0,5 cm) of gastric mucosa detected. What is the cause of gastric mucosa defect development?
Prolonged taking of aspirin and hormones
Immune-mediated destruction of gastric mucosa
Dysbacteriosis development
Age-related changes of mucosa
Prolonged hypersthenia of gastric muscles
182 із 200
Treatment of a number of pathologic changes in human body is based on the peptization process, particularly disintegration of thrombi within blood vessels. The most important condition for efficient peptization can be determined as:
Timely introduction of anticoagulant
Introduction of excessive solvent
Ultrasound effect
Shaking
Heating
183 із 200
The patient’s large-focal myocardial infarction is complicated with pulmonary edema. What disturbance of cardiohemodynamics contributed to the pulmonary edema development?
Acute left ventricular failure
Acute right ventricular failure
Autoimmune myocarditis
Cardiogenic shock
Reperfusion syndrome
184 із 200
The fruit is a thorned many-seeded capsule that opens into four flaps when ripe. It is characteristic of:
Datura stramonium
Papaver somniferum
Hyoscyamus niger
Digitalis purpurea
Linum usitatissimum
185 із 200
An interhospital pharmacy received a short-acting narcotic analgesic that is 100 times more active than morphine. Name this drug:
Fentanyl
Naltrexone
Naloxone
Analgin (Metamizole)
Ketanov (Ketorolac)
186 із 200
Hemoglobin break-up begins in the cells of reticuloendothelial system. What enzyme catalyzes the reduction reaction of biliverdine into bilirubin?
Biliverdine reductase
Beta-glucuronidase
Xanthine oxidase
Heme oxygenase
Hexokinase
187 із 200
To stop diarrhea the doctor prescribed a drug that affects opiate receptors of the intestine and decreases its peristalsis. Name this drug:
Loperamide
Heparin
Levorin
Voltaren (Diclofenac)
Tetracycline
188 із 200
What formula corresponds with alpha-nitropyrole?
189 із 200
Essential oils are used both in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. To extract essential oils from herbal raw material the following technology is used:
Steam distillation
Calorimetry
Colorimetry
Potentiometry
Conductometry
190 із 200
Specify the mechanism of the given reaction: H+, t>170oC C2H5OH −−−−−−−−→ H2C = CH2+H2O
Е (elimination)
SN (nucleophilic substitution)
N (nucleophilic attachment)
SR (radical substitution)
S (electrophilic substitution)
191 із 200
What type of bonds participates in creation of both linear and cyclic carboxylic acid associates in the form of dimers?
Hydrogen bonds
Ionic bonds
Polar covalent bonds
Nonpolar covalent bonds
Donor-acceptor bonds
192 із 200
Specify the functional group of isoniazide (an isonicotinic acid derivative) molecule:
Hydrazide group
Amide group
Carboxyl group
Pyridine heterocyclic group
Ester group
193 із 200
What compound is synthesized by means of beta-picoline oxidation?
Nicotinic acid
Benzoic acid
Uric acid
Barbituric acid
Ascorbic acid
194 із 200
Specify quinoline among the compounds given below:
195 із 200
Name the substance B in the following transformation:
Acetic acid
Ethanol
Propanal
Propanone
Ethanal
196 із 200
What substance produces ketone, when oxidized with potassium permanganate?
197 із 200
Among the given isomer pairs choose the position isomers of the functional group:
198 із 200
Among the given substances choose the one that is used for oxidation of organic compounds:
KMnO4
CH3 − CH3
NaOH
HCl
NH2 − NH2
199 із 200
What substance will be produced as the result of the following reaction: C6H5 − N+ ≡ NCl− + KJ −(t)→?
200 із 200
What reagent can simultaneously detect aldehyde group and glycol fragment in a glucose molecule?
Cu(OH)2
Br2
AlCl3
FeCl3
KMnO4