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Step М - Nursing 2010
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2 із 150
Before an operation a patient was administered a cleansing enema. In what position should the patient be placed for this procedure?
On the left side
On the right side
In prone position
In standing position
In supine position
3 із 150
A 42-year-old patient was admitted to the infectious diseases hospital with diagnosis of "typhoid fever". What is the most likely source of the infection?
An infected person or bacteria carrier
Infected rats and mice
Infected pigs
Infected meat
Infected water
4 із 150
A patient with apparent dyspnea, cyanosis and shin edemata has been delivered to the admission ward. A nurse should transport him to the department by the following way:
On a wheelchair
On a wheel stretcher
On a stretcher
Slowly, escorted by two aid-women
Slowly, escorted by a single nurse
5 із 150
A patient has chronic circulatory failure of II B grade. During studying his fluid balance it was established that the patient had consumed 1,5 1 of fluid within a day and his daily diuresis was 800 ml. This phenomenon is called:
Negative diuresis
Positive diuresis
Polyuria
Dysuria
Anuria
6 із 150
A 6-year-old child suffering from bronchitis suddenly got worse at night: he presented with dyspnea with long wheezing expiration, skin pallor with cyanotic shade, strain of neck muscles. What condition are these presentations typical for?
Asthmatic
Hyperthermic
Comatose
Convulsive
Laryngospasm
7 із 150
Among the 7th-grade pupils of a comprehensive school the cases of virus A hepatitis were registered. Children who had contacts with the affected were given an injection of:
Immunoglobulin
Vaccine
Anatoxin
Vitamin C
Serum
8 із 150
In case of climacteric haemorrhage the emergency aid should be started with:
Curretage of uterine cavity
Hormonal haemostasis
Anti-shock actions
Administration of uterine-contracting and haemostatic drugs
Antianemic therapy
9 із 150
A gravida in her 6-7 week of gestation has been registered at the antenatal clinic. She complains of nausea. What would be the first-priority issue of discussion with this patient?
Importance of regular check-ups at the antenatal clinic
Importance of examination
Genital hygiene
Rational diet
Mammary glands care
10 із 150
A patient with edemata of cardiac origin suffering from constipations was administered a cleansing enema for hypertension reduction. What solution should be applied for this kind of enema?
10% solution of sodium chloride
Furacillin solution 1:5000
10% solution of calcium chloride
2% solution of sodium hydrocarbonate
0,9/
11 із 150
A patient has a serum cholesterol of 250 with a low HDL and high triglycerides. What is the patients coronary heart disease risk?
High
Borderline
Low
Not enough information to determine
12 із 150
A patient was diagnosed with acute rhinitis. He was administered UHF therapy. The nurse should place the electrodes within the following distance from the patients body:
0,5 cm
10 cm
2cm
4cm
6 cm
13 із 150
Caregivers may be excited about the family relocating to another city so they can have better jobs and a bigger home. After the move, however, the children will most likely:
Grieve for the loss of comfortable and familiar people, surroundings, and things left behind
Appreciate the better surroundings and seek new friendships in the neighborhood
Reflect the excitement modelled by the aregivers and suffer little emotional upset
-
Do better emotionally than the caregivers, as the children will acclimate to their new surroundings with greater ease
14 із 150
External electronic fetal monitoring will be used for a woman just admitted to the labour unit in active labor. A guideline the nurse should follow when implementing this form of monitoring would be:
Apply contact gel to the ultrasound transducer prior to application over the point of maximum intensity
Reposition the ultrasound transducer every hour and massage the site
-
Use Leopold maneuvers to determine correct placement of the tocotransducer
Apply a spiral electrode if nonreassuring FHR signs are noted
15 із 150
A 33-year-old patient complains about pain in the right subcostal space, skin icteritiousness, dark urine, light-coloured feces, rapid fatiguability, body temperature rise. Objectively: the abdomen is soft, moderately painful in the right subcostal space. It is known that 5 months ago the patient underwent tooth extraction. The described clinical presentations afford ground to suspect:
Hepatitis B virus
Liver abscess
Chronic pancreatitis
Liver cirrhosis
Acute cholecystitis
16 із 150
The patient who has just had a mastectomy for breast cancer is crying as the nurse enters the room. When asked why she is crying, the patient responds "I know I shouldnt cry because this surgery may well save my life, but I was so pleased with my figure before and I know that things will not be the same."What is the nurses best response?
"It is all right to cry. Mourning this loss is important in getting past this point."
"Would you like to talk to someone who also has had a mastectomy?"
-
"Youre right. It is silly to carry on like this when a prosthesis is available."
"How have you coped with difficult situations in the past?"
17 із 150
A 9-month-old child with rickets has been given Videin-3 for 6 months. The child presents with vomiting, appetite loss, tonoclonic spasms. What condition has developed in this child?
Hypervitaminosis D
Infectious toxic shock
Neurotoxicosis
Hypocalcemia syndrome
Toxicosis together with exicosis
18 із 150
A 45-year-old patient with abdomen and upper limbs burns undergoes treatment in a burns department. What anatomic region should be chosen for the subcutaneous injection?
Anteroexternal surface of thighs
Popliteal regions
Superoexternal quadrant of buttocks
Interscapular region
Sural regions
19 із 150
A 32-year-old primagravida in her 32 week of gestation complains of headache, vision impairment, black spots floating before the eyes, epigastric pain. AP-180/110 mm Hg. The described presentations are typical for the following state:
Severe preeclampsia
Eclampsia
Pyelonephritis gravidarum
Essential hypertension
Late gestosis
20 із 150
You are a nurse working in a pediatric clinic. Your goal is to have accurate, up-to-date immunization records on all the children who come to the clinic. Which of the following record-keeping efforts would best help you meet your goal?
Have caregivers list all those who gave immunizations to their children and sign consent forms for release of information; then combine the records into one
-
Assume that immunizations are not up-to-date and begin the process at the beginning
Have the caregivers document all the immunizations and dates of immunizations for each child
Have the caregiver document all past immunizations with a note that this is caregiver recall and then chart new immunizations
21 із 150
A nurse is caring for a patient with chronic atrial fibrillation who is at risk for systemic embolism. Which drug should the nurse expect to administer to prevent this complication?
Heparin
Lidocaine
Atropine
Sotalol
All above mentioned
22 із 150
A patient complains about weakness, dizziness, black stool. He has a history of stomach ulcer. After physical stress everything went dark before his eyes; the patient presented with cold sweat and considerable weakness. Objectively: the patient is pale, Ps- 90 bpm, AP-100/60 mm Hg. What independent nursing intervention is required in this case?
A nurse should put an ice pack on the epigastrium
A nurse should put a hot-water bottle on the epigastrium
A nurse should inject dicynone solution
A nurse should inject vicasol solution
A nurse should inject adrenaline solution
23 із 150
A child who had an intracranial birth injury presents with convulsions. What drug should a nurse apply first of all in order to eliminate the convulsions?
Seduxen
Spasmalgon
Paracetamol
Analgin
Dimedrol
24 із 150
A 35-year-old patient has got a shin injury. The wound is 3x2 cm large, moderately bleeding. What is the optimal term for the initial surgical d-bridement with suturing?
Up to 12 hours
Up to 42 hours
Up to 54 hours
Up to 24 hours
Up to 36 hours
25 із 150
While visiting a patient being under dispensary observation for chronic glomerulonephritis a district nurse payed attention to the following problems: skin dryness nad itch, appetite loss, nausea, epigastric pain. The patients skin was pale and had signs of scratching; there was also the smell of ammonia from the mouth. What complication is likely to have developed?
Chronic renal failure
Chronic pyelonephritis
Acute renal failure
Urolithiasis
Acute glomerulonephritis
26 із 150
The physician is about to perform carotid sinus massage on a patient with supraventricular tachycardia. What equipment or supplies should the nurse have ready for possible complications associated with this procedure?
Resuscitation cart
Padded tongue blade
Emesis basin
Magnesium sulfate
All above mentioned
27 із 150
A single, young adult woman received instructions from the nurse regarding the use of an oral contraceptive. The woman would demonstrate a need for further instruction if she:
Stops asking her sexual partners to use condoms with spermicide
-
Enrolls in a smoking cessation program
Uses a barrier method of birth control if she misses two or more pills
Takes a pill every morning
28 із 150
A 7-month-old child has suddenly presented with convulsions. He undergoes treatment in the infectious diseases hospital for meningococcal infection. What is the first-priority action to be taken by a nurse during the emergency aid?
To prevent tongue-swallowing
To apply an ice pack to the head
To stimulate the root of tongue
To warm the child with hot-water bottles
To perform ALV, external cardiac massage
29 із 150
A 30-year-old patient has an over 10-year history of a disease. This disease exacerbates in autumn and winter. Objectively: the scalp skin and extensor surface of limbs have pinkish red, slightly inflamed nodules and plaques covered with dry silver squamae. Subjectively: the patient feels a slight itch. What disease are these presentations typical for?
Psoriasis
Lupus erythematosus
Neurodermitis
Seborrhea sicca
Lichen ruber planus
30 із 150
During a subcutaneous injection of camphor in oil solution a patient suddenly got cardiac pain, asphyxia, cough, upper chest and face cyanosis. What complication was caused by the injection?
Fat embolism
Air embolism
Allergic reaction
Collapse
Pyrogenic reaction
31 із 150
What precautions/instructions should the nurse provide to the patient initiating chronic digoxin therapy?
Do not take this medication if your pulse rate is below 80 beats/min
All above mentioned
Avoid taking aspirin or aspirin-containing products
Do not take this medication within 1 hour of taking an antacid
Increase your fluid intake to at least 3000 mL daily
32 із 150
A nulliparous woman is in the active phase of labor and her cervix has progressed to 6 cm dilatation. The nurse caring for this woman evaluates the external monitor tracing and notes the following: decrease in FHR shortly after onset of several uterine contractions returning to baseline rate by the end of the contraction; shape is uniform. Based on these findings the nurse should:
Document the finding on the womans chart
-
Perform a vaginal examination to check for cord prolapse
Notify the physician
Change the womans position to her left side
33 із 150
A patient was diagnosed with an acute attack of chronic pancreatitis. A doctor ordered him absolute starvation. How long should a nurse check the patient for observation of this regulation?
2-3 days
6 hours
12 hours
5-6 days
24 hours
34 із 150
In reviewing the laboratory report of white blood cell count with differential for a patient receiving chemotherapy for cancer, all of the following results are listed. Which laboratory finding should alert the nurse to the possibility of sepsis?
The "bands"outnumber the "segs."
-
The monocyte count is 1800/mm3
The total white blood cell count is 9000/mm3
The lymphocytes outnumber the basophils
35 із 150
A 23-year-old man got an electrical injury. He got spasmatic muscle contraction and lost consciousness. The emergency aid should be started with:
Deliverance of the victim from the current source
Calling the emergency brigade
Estimation of the victims general condition
External cardiac massage
ALV
36 із 150
A 25-year-old gravida has come to the antenatl clinic for registration. The external pelvic measurements are 26-28-31-20What type of pelvis is it?
Normal
Flat rachitic
Android
Simple flat
Pelvis justo minor
37 із 150
Which pre-existing patient problem or characteristic would preclude the use of radiation therapy for breast cancer treatment?
The patient has severe arthritis and cannot assume the position needed for radiation therapy
The patient is a Jehovahs Witness
The patient is over 75 years of age
The patient underwent a lumpectomy for the breast cancer one month ago
38 із 150
While communicating with a patient a nurse has noticed that he is very concerned about his health, groundlessly considers himself to have various diseases, is anxious about all the results of laboratory analyses. Specify the psychological type of this patient:
Hypochondriacal
Depressive
Anxious
Demonstrative
Aggressive
39 із 150
A gynaecological department admitted a woman with complaints of acute pain in the right iliac region irradiating to the rectum and sacrum. The last menstrual period ended 2 weeks ago. The patient was diagnosed with ovarian apoplexy. A nurse noticed the aggravation of the patients condition. What is the first-priority action to be taken?
Calling a doctor
Uterine-contracting drug injection
Application of cold to the lower abdomen
Haemostatic drug injection
Spasmolytic drug injection
40 із 150
Fetal heartbeats can be auscultated above the navel on the left. Specify the presentation:
Pelvic
Transverse
Shoulder
Vertex
Cephalic
41 із 150
In which situation is the nurse performing the role of patients advocate during the preoperative period?
Teaching the patient how to perform coughing and deep breathing exercises
Assuring the patient whose religion does not permit blood transfusions that his or her wishes will be followed
Ensuring that the patients impaired hearing problem is clearly communicated to the entire surgical team
Serving as a witness to the informed consent procedure
–
42 із 150
Fifty percent of the drugs original dose is in the blood 4 hours after administration. What is the half-life of the drug?
4 hours
2 hours
-
1 hour
8 hours
43 із 150
Condition of a patient with myocardial infarction suddenly got worse: the patient grew pale, broke into a cold clammy sweat, lost consciousness. Ps- 95 bpm. What complication has developed?
Cardiogenic shock
-
Lung edema
Syncope
Cardiac asthma
44 із 150
A 25-year-old patient complains of acute pain in the lower abdomen, dizziness. The latest menstruation came duly 2 weeks ago and had no peculiarities. Test for pregnancy showed negative result. Such clinical presentations are typical for the following pathology:
Ovarian apoplexy
Extrauterine pregnancy
Ovarian carcinoma
Appendicitis
Chronic adnexitis
45 із 150
A nurse is attempting to administer medications to a preschool-aged child. Which of the following statements made by the nurse would be most appropriate given the childs developmental stage?
"Would you like to take your red pill or the pink pill first?"
"If you take your medication, I will give you a sticker that you can wear on your shirt."
"Would you like to play with the pills before you take them?"
"We cant play until youve taken your medication."
46 із 150
A 25-year-old patient has a radial bone fracture. A plaster splint has been applied in a typical region. On the second day the patient complains of acute pain in the limb, finger numbness. The fingers look pale and feel cold. The patient consulted a nurse about these presentations. What actions should she take apart from refer the patient to a doctor?
Part the edges of the splint
Perform the massage
Change the splint
Remove the splint
Fix the splint with additional bandaging
47 із 150
During a regular home visit to a 5-day-old infant a nurse noticed a slight acrocyanosis of lips and limbs that was getting more evident during sucking. The childs mother was diagnosed with toxoplasmosis during the first months of gestation. What pathology is likely to be found in this child?
Congenital, heart disease
Pneumonia
Asphyxia
Spasmophilia
Rickets
48 із 150
After the viral hepatitis the patient hasnt been keeping to a diet. Now he presents with pain in the right subcostal space, nausea, vomiting. Objectively: the liver is enlarged, painful; scleras are icteric. What disease are these clinical presentations typical for?
Chronic hepatitis
Chronic cholecystitis
Cholelithiasis
Chronic pancreatitis
Stomach ulcer
49 із 150
A female patient complains of pain and reddening in the region of her left limb, body temperature rise up to 39, 2°C. Objectively: the left shin is slightly edematous and has a well-demarcated hyperaemia zone in form of flame tips; there is local temperature rise. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Acute thrombophlebitis
Erysipelas
Phlegmon
Lymphangitis
Furunculosis
50 із 150
Lower-limb amputation surgery is scheduled for 11 oclock a.m. What nursing intervention should be carried out 30-40 minuted before the surgery?
Premedication on doctors orders
Cleansing enema
Gastric lavage
Shaving of the surgical site
Giving of the hypotensive drugs
51 із 150
For which type of foreign object in the ear canal is irrigation contraindicated?
Dried beans
Live insect
Cerumen
Pencil eraser
All above mentioned
52 із 150
A man has been stung by a bee. A few minutes later he developed skin itch, weakness, nausea, abdominal pain, paleness, anxiety. What drug should he be given in the first place?
Prednisolone
Papaverine
Analgin
Furosemide
Cordiamin
53 із 150
During a regular home visit to a 14-day-old child a nurse revealed that the umbilical wound was moist with serous discharges. What disease can be suspected?
Catarrhal omphalitis
Impetigo neonatorum
Sepsis
Phlegmonous omphalitis
Vesiculopustules
54 із 150
A person was exposed to an illness and 2 weeks later developed the symptoms. Which stage of infection was the person in two weeks prior to developing the illness?
Incubation
-
Prodromal
Illness
Convalescence
55 із 150
A patient has chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia. Which agent should the nurse be prepared to administer?
Oprelvekin (Neumega)
Filgrastim (Neupogen)
Sargramostim (Prokine)
Epoetin alfa (Procrit)
-
56 із 150
A 5-year-old girl was found to have body temperature rise up to 38°C, pale skin, positive Pasternatskys symptom, leukocyturia, bacteriuria. What disease are these presentations typical for?
Acute pyelonephritis
Diabetes mellitus
Acute glomerulonephritis
Influenza
Haemorrhagic vasculitis
57 із 150
A patient came to the admission ward and complained of chest pain and labored respiration. According to his words, he got a trauma after a fall. Objectively: a local edema, painfulness and crepitation of fragments at the level of the VII rib on the right. Chest compression causes acute pain. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Rib fracture
Lung contusion
Closed pneumothorax
Thoracic contusion
Breastbone fracture
58 із 150
At what age the development of secondary sexual characters is considered to be premature?
Before 8 years
Before 13-14 years
Before 10 years
Before 11-12 years
Before 9 years
59 із 150
A 5-year-old boy presents with periodical acetonemic vomiting, night terrors, emotional instability. Objectively: the child is undernourished, asthenic. The boys intellect is well-developed, he can read and explain life situations in an adult-like manner. In the urine: urates +++. These clinical presentations are typical for the following diathesis:
Neuroarthritic
Exudative catarrhal
Lymphohypoplastic
Atopic
Allergic
60 із 150
A female patient complains about spasmodic pain in the lumbar region on the left that irradiate to the genitals; frequent urination. Objectively: the patient is anxious, often changes body position due to the unbearable pain. What symptom would be the most informative for the diagnosis specification?
Pasternatskys symptom
Voskresenskys symptom
Blumbergs sign
Sitkovskys symptom
Rovsings symptom
61 із 150
A 42-year-old patient with suspected hernia of intervertebral disk of the lumbar spine as administered MRT. What preparation is required?
Cleansing enema
Bladder irrigation
Gastric lavage the day before
Laxative agents
62 із 150
A victim has a knife wound of chest. Within the fourth intercostal space on the right there is a cut wound 2x1 cm large with foamy blood effusing from it. During respiration a whizzing sound can be heard from the wound. What is the first-priority nursing intervention?
Occlusive dressing application
Injection of an analgetic
Injection of a haemostatic
Aseptic dressing application
Wound tamponade
63 із 150
When a clean-voided specimen is ordered, the nurse should instruct the patient to:
Clean the area as directed, start to void into the toilet, collect the urine in the sterile cup after a good flow of urine has been established
Clean the area as directed and collect all the urine voided
Clean the area as directed and collect the initial urine voided
-
Clean the area as directed, start to void and collect three samples at different times during the voiding
64 із 150
On doctors orders a nurse gave a 40-year-old patient a subcutaneous injection of camphor in oil solution. The solution wasnt preliminary warmed. What complication is likely to arise?
Infiltration
Haemorrhage
Oil embolism
Abscess
Haematoma
65 із 150
A 30-year-old female patient has been administered vaginal baths with chamomile infusion. A nurse has to follow doctors orders and prepare the infusion. What temperature of the infusion is required?
37 - 38°C
30 - 31°C
18 - 20°C
45 - 46°C
20 - 22°C
66 із 150
A 25-year-old patient was admitted to the hospital with complaints of epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, general weakness, body temperature rise. He associates the disease with unsound food he consumed 3 hours ago. After examination the patient was diagnosed with acute gastritis. What is the first-priority nursing intervention?
Gastric lavage
Injection of papaverine solution
Hot-water bottle over stomach
Administration of warm tea with lemon
Cold to the abdominal region
67 із 150
Which patient is most at risk of developing left-sided heart failure?
52-year-old female with mitral valve disease
48-year-old female who smokes two packs of cigarettes daily
72-year-old male who has had a right ventricular myocardial infarction
60-year-old male with pulmonary hypertension
All above mentioned
68 із 150
A nurse registered critical temperature drop in a patient in his III fever period. Complications may occur primarily in the following system:
Cardiovascular
Respiratory
Digestive
Central nervous
Locomotive
69 із 150
While examining a patient in the hematological department a nurse revealed the following symptoms: skin dryness, nail brittleness, hair loss, angular cheilitis, dysgeusia (the patient was willing to eat lime, chalk). What anemia are these symptoms typical for?
Iron-deficient
Haemolytic
_B12-dencient
Aplastic
Posthaemorrhagic
70 із 150
A patient has intense pain in the right subcostal area irradiating to the right shoulder; nausea, vomiting that doesnt give relief; flatulence, stool retention. What condition are these symptoms typical for?
Hepatic colic
Duodenal ulcer
Hepatic cirrhosis
Acute gastritis
Renal colic
71 із 150
A patient with heart failure has been ordered to receive a daily nitroglycerin transdermal patch. What action taken by the nurse would help avoid tolerance to the vasodilating effects of this medication?
Remove the patch overnight
Administer a larger loading dose before the initiation of therapy
Rotate the skin site of nitroglycerin administration
All above mentioned
Place an occlusive dressing over the patch
72 із 150
Which health problem in a woman who had radiation therapy 10 years ago for cancer in the right breast is most likely to be a consequence of the therapy?
Pathologic fracture of two ribs on the right chest
Myocardial infarction
-
Asthma
Chronic esophagitis with gastroesophageal reflux
73 із 150
A 19-year-old patient diagnosed with new-onset diabetes mellitus asked a nurse to inform her about the course and likely complications of this disease. The nurse should draw her attention to the following signals of hypoglycemic coma:
Hunger, palpitation, hand tremor
Nausea, vision impairment, sleepiness
Headache, dizziness, dry skin
Appatite loss, vomiting, hyperhidrosis
Thirst, abdominal pain, excitation
74 із 150
First-degree heart block in a stable patient requires no intervention. The nurse must establish whether the patient is hemodynamically stable. Measuring blood pressure can establish that the patient is stable. Which manipulation should be carried out by the nurse to confirm the patients stability?
Measure apical and radial pulses for a full minute
Measure blood pressure in each arm separately
All above mentioned
Measure blood pressure in the lying and sitting positions
Perform pulse oximetry testing in the upper and lower extremities
75 із 150
When evaluating the hydration status, the nurse observes tenting of the skin on the back of the 87-year-old patients hand when testing the skin turgor. What is the nurses best action?
Assess turgor on the patients forehead
-
Document the finding as the only action
Examine dependent body areas
Notify the physician
76 із 150
A patient with chronic cardiac failure in the stage of decompensation was found to have 140/min heart rate and 66 bpm pulse rate. What is the medical term for this pathology?
Deficient pulse
Bradycardia
Extrasystole
Tachycardia
Cardiac fibrillation
77 із 150
A patient has an elevated AST. Which condition is the patient most likely to have?
Hepatitis
Prostate cancer
Diabetes
Rheumatoid arthritis
-
78 із 150
A patient with prostate cancer is taking estrogen daily to control tumor growth. He reports that his left calf is swollen and painful. What is the nurses best first action?
Measure the calf circumference and assess for Homans sign
-
Document this expected response to hormonal manipulation
Apply ice to the calf after massaging it for at least 5 minutes
Instruct the patient to keep the leg elevated for two days
79 із 150
A 30-year-old patient complains of itching genitals, purulent foamy discharges with foul smell. What disease are these presentations typical for?
Trichomoniasis
Mycoplasmosis
Candidiasis
Gonorrhoea
Chlamydia
80 із 150
What type of protection should the nurse use in addition to standard precautions when caring for a patient who has meningococcal meningitis?
Airborne precautions
-
Contact precautions
Sharps precautions
Droplet precautions
81 із 150
A patient has been admitted to the acute care unit for an exacerbation of heart failure. Which of the following nursing actions should be performed first?
Assessment of respiratory and oxygenation status
Monitoring of serum electrolyte levels
Insertion of a Foley catheter
Administration of intravenous fluids
All above mentioned
82 із 150
A patients ECG tracing shows normal sinus rhythm followed by a complex of three PVCs, with a return to normal sinus rhythm. What is the nurses interpretation of this finding?
Nonsustained ventricular tachycardia
Atrial flutter
All above mentioned
Ventricular escape rhythm
Trigeminy
83 із 150
The school nurse is working with teenaged parents and their babies in a high school program designed to keep these parents in school and to teach them how to care for their children. The nurse teaches the mothers to change diapers on:
A changing station with a cushioned cover
-
A washable surface that is disinfected after each use
A soft towel that can be washed as needed
Upholstered furniture that can be wiped off
84 із 150
You are the nurse preparing to give an injection to a child who is combative. Which of the following approaches would be best on your part?
Gently but firmly restrain the child using sufficient adults to do so and quickly give the injection
Do not administer the injection
-
Talk to the child until he calms down and then give the injection
Wait until the child is asleep, and then give the injection before he wakes up
85 із 150
What is the purpose of subcutaneous injection of proserine (0,1%) in the postoperative period?
Elimination of bowels paresis
Acceleration of tissue regeneration
Elimination of pain syndrome
Pneumonia prevention
Elimination of cardiac malfunctions
86 із 150
In case of a cervical spine injury the patency of airways can be restored only via:
Jaw-thrust maneuver
Bolster under the back
Throwing back the head
Bolster under the neck
Sideward rotation of the head
87 із 150
A patient has edematic face with fat lips and narrow palpebral fissures; his skin feels dry and cold. These signs are indicative of the following disease:
Hypothyroidism
Thyrotoxicosis
Quinckes edema
Glomerulonephritis
Obesity
88 із 150
A patient has to undergo Nechiporenko urine analysis on doctors order. A nurse should instruct the patient and explain him that he has to collect:
Midstream urine
24-hour urine
Initial urine
First void urine
Daily urine
89 із 150
The physician writes an order for medication to be given every 4 hours p.r.n. How should the nurse administer this drug?
Every 4 hours if the patients condition indicates a need for it
Every 4 hours if the patient asks for it
As many as four times a day
-
Every 4 hours around the clock
90 із 150
The nursing home resident with recurrent otitis media complains of new pain behind the ear. The area is red and swollen. What is the nurses priority?
Notify the physician
Test the patients hearing acuity using the Rinne tuning fork test
All above mentioned
Apply a heating pad on a low setting to the area
Document the referred pain
91 із 150
Which of the following would not be a source of data for measuring the adequacy of the health care facility to meet the needs of patients?
Patient interviews
Policy and procedure manuals
Staffing patterns
Written care plans
-
92 із 150
What physical assessment findings would be expected in a patient with atrial flutter with a rapid ventricular response?
Palpitations, shortness of breath, and anxiety
Diaphoresis, hypertension, and mental status changes
The presence of a split SI and rhonchi
All above mentioned
Halo vision, anorexia, and nausea and vomiting
93 із 150
Which clinical manifestation should alert the nurse to the possibility of impending pulmonary edema in a 75 year-old patient with heart failure?
Confusion
Irregular heart rate
Dysphagia
Sacral edema
All above mentioned
94 із 150
The patient returning to the clinic for a follow-up visit 3 weeks after abdominal surgery is concerned because she can feel small, uneven lumps under the suture line of the incision. What is the nurses best response?
"What you are feeling is growth of new tissue proceeding at different rates in the incision."
"Those are the deep stitches the surgeon placed, and they will eventually be absorbed and disappear."
"Avoid touching those areas because you may dislodge the blood clots that keep your incision from bleeding."
"Keep the incision covered for as long as those lumps can be felt."
-
95 із 150
A patient consulted a nurse about attacks of morning cough with lots of sputum, often with a foul smell. What disease are these symptoms typical for?
Multiple bronchiectasis
Cancer of lungs
Pulmonary tuberculosis
Chronic bronchitis
Pneumonia
96 із 150
Which property of cardiac cells is the ability to generate electrical impulses spontaneously?
Automaticity
Conductivity
Excitability
All above mentioned
Contractility
97 із 150
A 63-year-old patient suffering from chronic cardiac insufficiency is in the cardiological department. A nurse determined the fluid balance: amount of consumed fluid was 1000 ml, amount of daily dieresis was 500 ml. Such diuresis is called:
Negative
Satisfactory
Positive
Normal
Doubtful
98 із 150
A patient is experiencing sinus bradycardia with hypotension and dizziness. Which of the following drugs/agents should the nurse be prepared to administer?
Atropine
Digoxin
Metoprolol
All above mentioned
Lidocaine
99 із 150
Examination of a newborn girl revealed a haematoma on her head within the limits of a single bone. The haematoma doesnt throb or hurt. What pathology is it?
Cephalohematoma
Labour tumour
Intracranial trauma
Impetigo neonatorum
Septicopyemia
100 із 150
The postoperative patients arterial blood gas values are pH- 7,22, HCO<sub>3</sub>- 21 mEq/L, PCO<sub>2</sub>- 65 mm Hg, and PO<sub>2</sub>- 58 mm Hg. What is the nurses best first action?
Assess the patients airway
Notify the physician
-
Increase the oxygen flow rate
Document the finding as the only action
101 із 150
During transfusion of erythrocyte mass a patient developed lumbar pain, sensation of chest compression, face redness, death anxiety, dyspnea. Objectively: the patient is anxious, Ps- 110 bpm., AP- 110/80 mm Hg. What complication has developed?
Haemotransfusion shock
Citrate shock
Air embolism
Anaphylactic shock
Pulmonary embolism
102 із 150
A child has recently received the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTaP) immunization. Which of the following would represent a reaction that would be considered a contraindication to receiving the immunization again?
Encephalopathy
Otitis media
-
Emesis and diarrhea
Upper respiratory infection
103 із 150
Placing no limits on the ages or numbers of visitors and providing sleeping facilities for the caregivers in a childs room in a health care facility will most likely bring which of the following results?
There will be loss of rest by the child
The child will be more dependent on the family
-
Nurses will find procedures less difficult to carry out
Family-centered care will be enhanced
104 із 150
In which of the following age groups is the concept of death most likely to be considered reversible and temporary?
2 to 3 years
7 to 11 years
0 to 2 years
5 to 6 years
-
105 із 150
What is the expected effect when capillary pores increase in size?
Increased filtration, decreased plasma volume
Decreased filtration, decreased plasma volume
Increased filtration, increased plasma volume
Decreased filtration, increased plasma volume
106 із 150
A patient has just undergone a balloon valvuloplasty. What complication of this procedure should the nurse monitor this patient for?
Bleeding
Short-term memory loss
All above mentioned
Pulmonary hypertension
Acute tubular necrosis
107 із 150
A nurse puts the bedridden patients extremities through range of motion when giving the bath. This is an example of which type of nursing intervention?
Independent
-
Interdependent
Dependent
Consultation
108 із 150
What is the priority nursing diagnosis for the patient receiving interleukin-2 (IL-2) therapy for cancer?
Impaired comfort related to drug side effect
Deficient fluid volume related to persistent diarrhea
-
Risk for infection related to drug-induced neutropenia
Risk for injury related to excessive bleeding
109 із 150
A 24-year-old student consulted a nurse about acute pain in her lower abdomen on the left, considerable weakness, dizziness. The last menstrual period ended 2 weeks ago. What is the first-priority action to be taken by a nurse?
Immediate hospitalization
Cardiac drug injection
Spasmolytic drug injection
Further observation
Analgetic drug injection
110 із 150
An adult patient has a hematocrit of 64%. With what condition is this most consistent?
Dehydration
Haemorrhage
-
Anemia
Leukemia
111 із 150
If the radiation absorbed dose from an external source is 270 rad, 1 m from the source, what is the expected absorbed dose at 3 m from the source?
30 rad
140 rad
270 rad
-
68,5 rad
112 із 150
Which function or assessment finding in a patient being admitted to the postanesthesia care unit after surgery is the best indication that the patients respiratory status does not require immediate attention?
The patients oxygen saturation is 90%
The patient is able to talk
The patient is alert and oriented
The patients chest rises and falls rhythmically during respiration
113 із 150
A school nurse will educate teachers of children diagnosed with sickle cell anemia that when these children have deterioration in school performance or a severe headache, this can be followed by which of the problems?
Cerebral vascular accident (CVA)
Loss of consciousness
Petit mal seizure
Migraine or cluster headaches
-
114 із 150
Specify the amount of 0,1% histamine solution that is to be applied as a parenteral stimulus for the patient with body weight at the rate of 60 kg:
0,48 ml
0,1 ml
0,5 ml
0,65 ml
0,32 ml
115 із 150
Upon entering the room of a 74-year-old patient receiving brachytherapy for cervical cancer, the nurse finds that the radiation implant and the position-holding devices are in the patients bed. What is the nurses first best action?
Use tongs to place the implant into the radiation container
Assess the patients mental status
Notify the physician and move the patient to a different room
Put on gloves and attempt to reposition the implant and position-holding device
-
116 із 150
Which of the following clinical manifestations in a patient being treated for heart failure who is undergoing progressive increase in activity indicates activity intolerance?
Systolic blood pressure change from 136 to 96 mm Hg
Oxygen saturation of 95%
Heart rate increase from 86 to 110 beats/min
Respiratory rate of 26 breaths/min
All above mentioned
117 із 150
A womans last menstrual period (LMP) began on November 9, 2009, and it ended on November 14, 2009Using Nageles rule, the estimated date" of birth would be:
August 16, 2010
July 6,2010
February 2, 2010
-
August 21, 2010
118 із 150
A 70-year-old patient was undergoing stream transfusion of 750 ml of stored blood of the same group. At the end of haemotransfusion the patient developed laboured breathing, heaviness in chest, heart pain, cyanosis. Arterial pressure started to drop dramatically, the pulse became arrhythmic. What complication was developed?
Acute cardiectasis
Haemorrhagic shock
Haemotransfusion shock
Pyrogenic reaction
Anaphylactic reaction
119 із 150
A 38-year-old patient underwent an operation for nodular goiter in the morning. In the evening a nurse on duty noticed that the bandage on the patients neck got profusely soaked with blood. What are the first-priority actions?
To dress the wound, put an ice pack on it
To dress the wound, measure arterial pressure and pulse
To call a doctor
To dress the wound and call a laboratory assistant
To put an ice pack on the wound and call a doctor
120 із 150
A patient admitted with heart failure who is taking a thiazide diuretic has been ordered to receive furosemide (Lasix). What side effect of these medications should the nurse be alert for?
Hypokaliemia
Cough
Headache
Bradycardia
All above mentioned
121 із 150
What problem is likely to occur when a patients fluid intake is so low that his or her urine output is less than 400 ml/day?
Reduced excretion of body wastes, especially nitrogen
-
Dilution of serum sodium levels to the extent that excitable membranes can no longer depolarize
Cellular swelling and subsequent edema
Expansion of the interstitial volume, with reduced plasma volume
122 із 150
The patient tells the nurse during the preoperative history that he is a three-pack a day cigarette smoker. This information alerts the nurse to which potential complication during the intraoperative and postoperative periods?
An increased risk for atelectasis and hypoxia
A decreased clotting ability
A decreased tolerance to pain
An increased risk for excessive scar tissue formation
123 із 150
A surgical department admitted a 32-year-old patient diagnosed with obliterating endarteritis of the right lower limb. What factors provoke the development of this disease?
Supercooling, smoking
Social and living conditions
Heredity
Diseases the patient had during youth
Diseases the patient had during childhood
124 із 150
A child is 5 years old. He presents with pale skin, appetite loss, fatiguability. In blood: Hb- 90 g/1, RBCs- 3,4-10<sup>12</sup>/1, colour index - 0.6What drugs should be administered in this case?
Iron preparations
Calcium gluconate
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Allocholum
125 із 150
The frequency of chest compressions during external cardiac massage in an adult should be as follows:
60-80/min
5-10/min
100-120/min
40-50/min
10-15/min
126 із 150
When providing a woman, recovering from primary herpes, with information regarding the recurrence of herpes infection of the genital tract, the nurse would tell her:
Itching and tingling often occur prior to the appearance of vesicles
Fever and flu-like symptoms will precede a recurrent infection
Little can be done to control the recurrence of infection
-
Transmission of the virus is only possible when lesions are open and draining
127 із 150
A patient who is receiving intravenous chemotherapy (into a peripheral line) with an agent that is an irritant says that her arm burns terribly at and around the IV site. What is the nurses best first action?
Discontinue the infusion
Check for a blood return
Slow the rate of infusion
-
Apply a cold compress to the site
128 із 150
A patient with mitral stenosis suddenly got worse at night - he developed quickly progressing dyspnea, bubbling breathing, cough with pink foamy sputum. What are the first-priority actions to be taken by a nurse?
Defoaming agent inhalations
Arterial pressure measurement
ECG recording
Application of a mustard plaster upon heart region
Hot footbaths
129 із 150
A full-term 2,5-month-old child born by vaginal birth weighs 3200 g. He has to receive mixed feeding. Which of the following is the first-priority problem that a nurse has to resolve?
Problem of breast milk deficiency
-
Problem of feeding formula preparation
Problem of feeding formula choice
Problem of feeding formula application
130 із 150
A 50-year-old patient undergoes treatment in a surgical department for gastrointestinal haemorrhage. A patient has been diagnosed with acute vascular insufficiency. Such condition is called:
Collapse
Hypotension
Pulmonary edema
Vertigo
Cardiac asthma
131 із 150
A 5-year-old child got poisoned with mushrooms. He has been forced to vomit before the hospitalization. A nurse at a hospital has to carry out gastric lavage on doctors orders. How much liquid is required for this manipulation?
3-5 liters
0,5 liter
1-2 liters
1 liter
5-8 liters
132 із 150
A 3-year-old child complains of headache, apparent general weakness. Objectively: mucous nasal discharges, conjunctiva hyperaemia, skin hyperaemia. Body temperature - 39°C. What can be used to reduce the body temperature?
Cool enema
Warm-water bottle
Hot drink
Oxygenotherapy
Water besprinkling
133 із 150
A 15-year-old boy with suspected chronic gastritis was admitted to the childrens hospital for a complex examination. In the IV satge of nursing process a nurse should prepare him for the following procedure:
Gastrofibroscopy with biopsy
Collection of a stool sample for helminth eggs detection
Duodenal intubation
Gastric intubation
Collection of a stool sample for coprogram stool test
134 із 150
A 52-year-old patient complains about strong persistent pain behind the breastbone. The pain irradiates to the left arm, left scapula and shoulder. Objectively: the patient is excited, frightened; he is moaning. The pain arose 2 hours ago at his workplace after a nervous overstress. Repeated ingestion of nitroglycerine didnt arrest the pain. What disease might be suspected in this patient?
Myocardial infarction
Stenocardia
Essential hypertension
Rheumatism
Valvular defect
135 із 150
What is the purpose of sodium bicarbonate infusion during resuscitation actions?
Metabolic acidosis correction
Hypoxia liquidation
Increase of survival time of brain under hypoxia
Respiratory acidosis prevention
Metabolic alkalosis therapy
136 із 150
A woman has been delivered to the resuscitation unit with signs of carbon monoxide intoxication. What is the first-priority action to be taken?
Hyperbaric oxygenation
Entersorption
Forced diuresis
Plasmapheresis
Haemosorption
137 із 150
A patient is to have a glucose tolerance test performed. The nurse should instruct the patient to:
Have nothing to eat or drink before the test
Have only clear liquids before the test
-
Expect to eat a large meal during the test
Eat a large meal before the test
138 із 150
A patient has been diagnosed with aortic stenosis. What alteration in the patients vital signs would the nurse expect to find upon assessment?
A narrowed pulse pressure
All above mentioned
A slow, faint arterial pulse
Elevated systolic and diastolic pressures
A bounding arterial pulse
139 із 150
During auscultation of the heart of a patient with left ventricular failure, the nurse notes the presence of a third heart sound (S3) gallop. What can the nurse infer from this finding?
Left ventricular pressure is increased
There is a decrease in ventricular compliance
The client has been noncompliant with the medication regimen
The client should be prepared for transfer to the intensive care unit
All above mentioned
140 із 150
In the first labour stage a parturient woman complained of a headache, vision impairment. AP- 170/100 mm Hg, proteinuria. During the vaginal examination the patient had an attack of convulsions. What is the most likely cause of convulsions?
Eclampsia
Essential hypertension
Preeclampsia
Vegetative-vascular dysfunction
Migraine
141 із 150
A doctor administered the patient to put drops into the ear. What measures should be taken before the procedure in case of purulent discharges from the ear?
Toilet of acoustic meatus by means of 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide
The doctors order shouldnt be fulfilled
Lavage of acoustic meatus
Introduction of administered drops on doctors orders
Drying of acoustic meatus with gauze turunda
142 із 150
A labouring womans uterine contractions are being internally monitored. When evaluating the monitor tracing, which of the following findings would be a source of concern and require further assessment?
Average resting pressure of 20 to 25 mm Hg
Duration of 80 to 85 seconds
Frequency every V-h to 3 minutes
Intensity during a uterine contraction of 85 to 90 mm Hg
-
143 із 150
A patient with myocardial ischemia is having frequent PVCs. What medications should the nurse be prepared to administer?
Lidocaine
Atropine sulfate
Dobutamine
All above mentioned
Lanoxin
144 із 150
A newborn child doesnt cry, has cyanotic skin, decreased reflexes and muscle tone. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation has been started immediately. What factor is indicative of cardiopulmonary resuscitation effectiveness?
Pulse absence on the carotid arteries
Respirogenesis
Bradycardia
Areflexia
Mydriatic pupils
145 із 150
A patient complains of morning stiffness of minor hand articulations, inability to carry out daily living activities, general weakness. Objectively: the patient has flipper-like deformity of hands. What is the first-priority problem?
Inability to carry out daily living activities
Articulation deformity
Morning stiffness of articulations
General weakness
-
146 із 150
On assessment of the patient with otitis media, the nurse notes that the tympanic membrane is retracted and the landmarks visible. Which of the following is the priority nursing diagnosis for the patient at this stage?
Acute pain related to increased middle ear pressure
Risk for imbalanced fluid volume related to potential nausea and vomiting
All above mentioned
Impaired verbal communication related to diminished hearing in affected ear
Risk for infection related to presence of bacteria in the middle ear
147 із 150
A 50-year-old patient has been hit by a car. The witnesses report that he has stayed unconscious for about 10 minutes. The patient complains of headache, dizziness, nausea. There was a single vomiting. Objectively: the face is pale, Ps- 90 bpm, respiratory rate - 16/min, AP- 130/80 mm Hg. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Cerebral concussion
Cerebral compression
Skull cup fracture
Cerebral contusion
Basal skull fructure
148 із 150
What bandage would you apply at a pre-hospital stage in case of a penetrating eye injury?
Binocular
Monocular
Bandage with protective net
Sling
Adhesive plaster
149 із 150
A mother asks a nurse why her child needs a polio vaccination when polio has been eliminated in the United States and eradicated in most of the world. The nurses best answer would be:
"Only one of many strains of polio has been eradicated. We believe that new strains are being formed."
"Some children suddenly lose their immunity, and we have no explanation for why this happens."
"You might have to travel to a foreign country, and then you might be exposed to the polio virus."
-
"Polio virus still exists in parts of the world, which means this virus could be introduced accidentally into this country again and we could have an epidemic of polio."
150 із 150
A child presents with intoxication symptoms, his tonsills are enlarged and covered with grey films that can be hardly removed with a spatula. These symptoms are indicative of the following disease:
Tonsillar diphtheria
Angina
Laryngeal stenosis
Scarlet fever
Catarrhal laryngitis