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It is required to prove the presence of bismuth ions in the mineral residue. What preliminary reaction is used for this purpose?
With dithizone
With sodium rhodizonate
With copper acetate
With potassium chromate
With 8-hydroxyquinoline
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A pharmacy prepared a solution of macromolecular substance with limited swelling capacity. What solution was labelled 'warm up before use'?
Pepsin
Pancreatin
Methyl cellulose
Gelatin
Trypsin
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A pharmacy rceived a prescription for ethyl alcohol. What amount of alcohol can be dispensed to the patient with diabetes free of charge?
100 g per month
200 g per month
150 g per month
50 g per month
There is no standard
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Schedule of sanitation actions in pharmacies is regulated by the relevant regulatory acts. Cleaning day at a pharmacy must be scheduled for at least 1 time:
In a month
In 5 days
In 3 days
In 10 days
In a week
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6 months after treatment a patient with coronary heart disease developed tolerance to the prolonged-action nitrates. What drug with nitrate-similar effect should be recommended in this case?
Metoprolol
Nifedipine
Prazosin
Verapamil
Molsidomine
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Losartan for treatment of arterial hypertension is contraindicated in case of:
Hyperlipidemia
Pregnancy
Hyperglycemia
Hypokalemia
Urine acid diathesis
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A patient with hypertensive crisis has been given an intravenous injection of clonidine. What mechanism underlies the antihypertensive effect of clonidine?
Blockade of в-adrenergic receptors
Blockade of peripheral a-adrenergic receptors
Direct myotropic effect on blood vessels
Stimulation of the central presynaptic a2-adrenergic receptors
Blockade of N-cholinergic receptors
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A patient with the symptoms of cardiac glycoside intoxication has been administered unitiol. What is the mechanism of therapeutic action of this drug?
Binding of the ionized Ca2+
Reactivation of the membrane K +, Na+-ATPase
Increase in Na+ level in the myocardium
Increased penetration of K + into the cardiac myocytes
Induction of cardiac glycosides metabolism
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A 38-year-old male patient with mercuric chloride intoxication has been delivered to the admission ward in grave condition. What antidote must be immediately administered the patient?
Atropine
Unithiol
Dipyroxime
Izonitrozinum
Nalorphine
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Standard herbal material of lily-of-the-valley is obtained by drying it at a temperature of 50-60 oC in order to prevent the following possible biochemical process :
Enzymatic hydrolysis of cardiac glycosides
Oxidation of terpenoids
Volatilization of essential oils
Oxidation of phenolic compounds
Oxidation of resins
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Which drug including the beta-lactam cycle in its structure gives a positive reaction with a solution of hydroxylamine hydrochloride in the presence of sodium hydroxide followed by adding the solution of iron (III) chloride?
Papaverine hydrochloride
Antipyrine
Dibazolum
Phenoxymethylpenicillin
Streptocid
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A pharmaceutical plant produces spi-ssum extract with 0,25% ammonia solution used as an extractant. This is a spissum extract of:
Sagebrush
Male fern
Licorice
Valerian
Motherwort
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A person got poisoned with the lead compounds. What is the most sensitive method of the quantitative analysis of lead ions?
Dichromate iodimetry
Atomic absorption spectrometry
Gravimetry
Photometry
Chelatometry
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A marketing manager of a pharmaceutical company carries out market research on vitamin preparation market. He takes into account various parameters including the therapeutical effectiveness, supply and demand. What method should be applied?
Method of extraction from the original medical records
Graph method
-
Mathematical statistics method
Delphi method
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A factrory workshop producing suspensions and emulsions is going to develop the manufacture of new drugs. What mechanisms can be used for the ultrasound processing of drugs?
Dismembrator, electrical impulse plasmolyzer
Rotor-pulsation apparatus, di-smembrator
Centrifugal mixer with rotating housing
Disintegrator, liquid whistle
Liquid whistle, magnetostrictive source
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A pharmaceutist prepared a lipophilic ointment of suspension type. What substance is used for preparing this kind of ointments?
Xeroform
Protargolum
Tannin
Menthol
Herbal extracts
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A pharmaceutist has a labour dispute with the pharmacy administration about rescheduling his annual vacation leave. The employee can appeal against the decision of the pharmacy administration to the following body:
Highest management bodies of pharmaceutical service at the regional level
MoH of Ukraine
Commercial court
Labour disputes commission (LDC)
Trade union committee
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Medications Passit and Novopassit are used as tranquilizing, sedative and mild hypnotic agents. These medications are produced from the following grass:
Purple passionflower
Lesser periwinkle
Three-lobe beggarticks
Garden sage
Elecampane
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During transportation, the markings on the packages of theobromine and theophylline were damaged. What solution allows to identify theobromine and theophylline?
Copper nitrate
Potassium dichromate
Sodium chloride
Cobalt chloride
Potassium permanganate
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Which of the following antihypertensive drugs has potassium-sparing action?
Prazosin
Diltiazem
Metoprolol
Triamterene
Furosemide
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What drug acts as a specific antidote in case of iron drug intoxication?
Penicillamine
Protamine sulfate
Bemegride
Deferoxamine
Atropine
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A regional medical representative of a foreign company uses the data derived from periodicals and reference and statistical materials in order to characterize the territorial pharmaceutical market. What kind of market research is based upon these sources?
This method does not apply to research
Field studies
All answers are correct
Desk studies
-
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A pharmaceutist was on a business trip. What is the deadline for submitting a travel expense report?
A week after returning from a trip
Four working days after returning from a trip
Ten working days after returning from a trip
There is no deadline
Three working days after returning from a trip
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An accountable person (accountant) has been given some cash from the cash account of the company for the purchase of stationery goods . What is the deadline for submitting a full statement of the accountable person on the cash use after receiving the cash?
One week
There is no fixed term
Five working days
Ten working days
Third banking day
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A pharmaceutist prepares trituration of atropine sulfate. What adjuvant should be used for this purpose?
Glucose
Lactose
Starch
Saccharose
Talc
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A pharmaceutical factory produces tablets of sodium chloride. What is the method of their poduction?
Wet granulation prior to compression
Direct compression with the addition of excipients
Direct compression without additional substances
Moulding
Dry granulation prior to compression
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A pharmaceutical factory produces suspensions and emulsions. Specify the equipment which is used for dispersion and mixing in the liquid medium:
Gate mixers
Drum mixers
Rotor-pulsation apparatus, colloid mixers
Anchor mixers
Oscillating mixers
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A pharmaceutist prepared eye drops containing silver nitrate. What substance must be taken to ensure isotonicity?
Glucose
Sodium nitrate
Boric acid
Sodium chloride
Sodium sulfate
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In order to detect the presence of thiosulfate ions a pharmaceutical analyst added the excess reagent. The resulting reaction produced a white precipitate, which slowly turned yellow, then brown, and black. What solution was added?
Ammonium oxalate
Silver nitrate
Lead (II) acetate
Barium chloride
Diphenylamine
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Collective labour agreement is concluded by a trade union committee with the enterprise owner on behalf of the workforce. Any collective agreement is worked out in written form. Which article of the Labor Code regulates the duration of the collective agreement?
17
41
38
36
40
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A person got poisoned with salts of manganese. Analysis of the mineral residue revealed manganese ions. What reactions underlie the chemical processes of manganese detection?
Metathesis
Neutralization
Oxidation-reduction
Dissociation
Hydrolysis
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A pharmaceutist prepares a solution for injections that must be stabilized with 0,1M of hydrochloric acid solution. What solution is to be prepared?
Calcium chloride
Hexamethylenetetramine
Sodium benzoate
Potassium chloride
Novocaine
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Paracetamol substance has been sent for analysis. Reaction with the solution of iron (III) chloride gave the blue-purple colour. This indicates the presence of:
Keto group
Alcoholic hydroxyl
Aldehyde group
Ester group
Phenolic hydroxyl
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Production of tablets requires stage-to-stage quality control. What devices are used to determine the particle size distribution (fraction) of granules?
Laboratory IDs
Friabilators
Microscope
Various vibrosieves
Standard set of sieves
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Analysis of the drug sales performance revealed market expansion, the absolute increase of the drug in manufacturer’s stocks, slowdown in the growth rate of sales, intense competition. What stage of the product life cycle is the drug in?
Growth
Saturation and decline
Introduction
Maturity
Development
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Anthracene derivatives of emodin have purgative effect. Large quantities of anthracenederived groups of emodin are contained in the fruits of the following plant:
Alder buckthorn (Frangula alnus)
Blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus)
Buckthorn
Blackcurrant
Elder (Sambucus)
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Theory of management currently points out four the most important approaches to the management. Select the approach that is NOT applied in the theory of management:
Systemic
Process approach
Different schools dedication approach
Structured
Situational
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A pharmaceutist worked on a holiday, and the time worked was within the normal working hours of the current month. The employee would be entitled to be paid:
Fixed salary + one daily rate
There would be no penalty rates
Fixed salary + double daily rate
Single piecework rate
According to the standard procedure as for a normal working day
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A pharmacy has a license for selling narcotic drugs. The warrant for the receipt of these drugs from the pharmacy warehouse is valid for:
No longer than five calendar days from the date of issue
No longer than three months from the date of issue
No longer than 10 calendar days from the date of issue
No longer than one calendar days from the date of issue
No longer than one year from the date of issue
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Help the doctor to select a drug for the replacement therapy after the thyroid gland removal:
Mercazolilum
Prednisolone
Insulin
Parathyroidin
L-thyroxine
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Chloride of lime is identified by calcium cations after boiling with acetic acid in order to eliminate active chlorine. What reagent is used?
Potassium chloride
Ammonium oxalate
Ammonium molybdate
Magnesium sulfate
Sodium nitrite
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The medicine 'Bismuthi subnitras'can be identified after dissolving it in the acid with the following reagent:
Potassium nitrate
Sodium chloride
Potassium chlorate
Potassium iodide
Sodium sulfate
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Sterilization methods used for the preparation of drugs under aseptic conditions can be differentiated into physical, mechanical, and chemical ones. Specify the chemical method of sterilization:
Pressure steam sterilization
UV light sterilization
Dry heat sterilization
Radiation sterilization
Addition of preservatives
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Activity of a company leader involves managerial decision-making aimed at the achievement of corporate goals. Which of the following decisions are NOT classified by the method of justification?
Rational
Standard
Decisions based upon judgements
-
Intuitive
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Pharmacies prepare triturations of toxic and superpotent substances. They can be prepared in a following ratio:
1:10 and 1:100
1:100 only
1:10 only
1:1000
1:500
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It is required to prepare furacilin solution (1:5000). What is the dissolution peculiarity of furacilin?
It dissolves in the cold purified water
It dissolves in the purified water after the trituration
It dissolves in the filtered purified water
It dissolves in a minimal amount of ethyl alcohol
It dissolves in the boiling water purified in the presence of sodium chloride
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The method of suspension preparation depends on the properties of its components. Specify the substances having hydrophobic properties:
Boric acid, calcium carbonate
Sodium bicarbonate, sodium sulfate
Camphor, menthol
White clay, bentonite
Zinc oxide, talc
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A patient has been prescribed hand-rolled rectal suppositories with 0,1 g of aminophylline. What is the amount of base required for each suppository, provided that the suppository weight is not specified in the formulation?
2,4 g
2,9 g
1,9 g
3,9 g
1,4 g
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Pharmaceutical depot received a batch of herbal material of cinnamon rose. What substance determines the quality of the raw material?
Tannins
Anthracene derivatives
Coumarins
Essential oil
Ascorbic acid
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A pharmaceutist prepares an ointment on a hydrophobic base. What substance does he use in order to reduce the melting point of the base?
Vaseline oil
Dimexide
Glycerol
PEG-40
Ethanol
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In order to identify deoxycorticosterone acetate a pharmaceutical analyst performed a steroid cycle reaction, which resulted in formation of cherry-red colour and a green fluorescence. What reagent was added?
Iron (III) chloride solution
Concentrated sulfuric acid
Potassium hydroxide solution
Iodine solution
Chloroform
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An analytical laboratory received a sample of alpha-aminobutyric acid for analysis. What reagent should be used by the analyst in order to identify this substance?
Calcium bromide
Benzene
Sodium nitrate
Ninhydrin
Aniline
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A retail pharmacy has been purchasing goods within an accounting period. What changes to the balance will result from this business transaction?
Decrease in assets and liabilities
-
Changes will be caused to the liabilities only
Changes will be caused to the assets only
Increase in assets and liabilities
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Leaves of greater plantain are harvested in summer by mowing or cutting them with a knife or a sickle. There is always one developed plant left per 1 m2. The plant is harvested in the following vegetation period:
Rosetting
Blooming
Beginning of fruiting
Budding
Ripeness
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A manufacturing enterprise plans to sell a new drug through the corporate chain of pharmacies. What strategy of drug distribution would be used?
Direct
Vertical integration
Flexible
Horizontal integration
Multi-echelon
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The quality of tablets is assessed by various factors. What instrument is used for the tablet disintegration test?
Basket apparatus
Paddle
Friabilator
Flow-through device
-
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A pharmaceutical manufacturer develops a system of product. The focus is laid on the maximum involvement of agent network. What type of marketing is applied?
Combined
Selective
Intense
Exclusive
-
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While preparing marshmallow root extract, a pharmaceutist mistakenly used the water of improper temperature for this extract, and the end product came up turbid. What is the required water temperature for the extraction of this herbal material?
40 oC
80 oC
100 oC
Room temperature
60 oC
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A 67-year-old patient with chronic heart failure takes digoxin. In order to reduce its side effects the patient’s doctor recommended to combine it with the followig drug:
Hydrochlorthiazide
Calcium gluconate
Calcium chloride
Euphyllinum
Panangin
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A certain plant is used for production of tinctures and extracts which are the part of complex drugs Bellataminal, Becarbon, Besalol, etc. Specify the grass that is used for this purpose:
Celandine
Beggarticks
Astragalus
Lily of the valley
Belladonna
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A woman who has been treated for infiltrative focal tuberculosis for a long time complains of acute hearing impairment. Which of the following preparations might be the cause of this side effect?
Ethambutol
Isoniazid
Rifampicin
Ethionamidum
Streptomycin
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A pharmaceutist prepared a drug by the prescription: Rp.: Streptocidi Dermatoli ana 1,0 Lanolini Vaselini ana 5,0 M.D.S.: Apply to the affected skin. Specify the type of the disperse system:
Solution ointment
Combined ointment
Hydrophilic ointment
Extraction ointment
Suspension ointment
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Which of the following antibiotics can be identified by means of the maltol test?
Kanamycin monosulfate
Doxycycline hydrochloride
Streptomycin sulfate
Amoxicillin
Lincomycin hydrochloride
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Pharmacies as legal entities must have statutory capital in order to get registered with state authorities. Specify the amount which is identified as the statutory capital:
Total assets
Amount of noncurrent assets
Amount recorded in the constituent documents
Total sources of funds
Outstanding amount
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A pharmaceutist prepared 100,0 g of oil emulsion using 5% solution of methyl cellulose as an emulsifier. Specify the required amount of oil and emulsifier for the drug preparation:
20,0 g,10,0g
10,0 g, 20,0 g
10,0 g, 10,0 g
10,0 g, 30,0 g
20,0 g, 30,0 g
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A pharmaceutist prepared the 2% aqueous solution by dissolving the drug substance triturated in a mortar. What substance is this technology typical for?
Osarsolum
Boric acid
Potassium permanganate
Potassium bromide
Calcium gluconate
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A pharmaceutist prepares powders with papaverine hydrochloride. What hand scales should be used for weighing out 0,05 g of substance?
BP 2,0
BP 10,0
BP 20,0
BP 5,0
BP 1,0
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What drug can be recommended for symptomatic treatment of muscle pain in a 5-year-old child?
Celecoxib
Acetylsalicylic acid
Paracetamol
Diclofenac sodium
Indomethacin
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A pharmacy received a prescription for an oil liniment including streptocidum. What is the type of disperse system of this preparation?
Emulsion
Alloy
Solution
Suspension
Combined
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White precipitate produced by the reaction of morphine hydrochloride with ammonia solution dissolves in sodium hydroxide solution due to the presence of the following group in the structure of morphine hydrochloride:
Carboxyl group
Alcoholic hydroxyl
Keto group
Phenolic hydroxyl
Aldehyde group
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A person got poisoned with alcohols. What alcohol derivatives are used for the analysis by gasliquid chromatography?
Alkyl nitrates
Alkyl nitrites
Alkyl acetates
Alkyl sulfites
Alkyl sulfates
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A pharmaceutical analyst identifies the substance of potassium acetate. What reagent confirms the presence of potassium cation in the substance?
Zinc oxide
Tartaric acid
Potassium permanganate
Iron (III) chloride
Sodium hydroxide
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According to SPhU, formaldehyde can be identified when a sample is reacted with chromotropic acid solution in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid. What colour is formed by this reaction?
Yellow
Violet
Brown
Green
Blue
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Stimulation of beta-cells of the pancreas causes the hypoglycemic effect of the following drug:
Retabolilum
Glibenclamide
Prednisolone
Adrenaline hydrochloride
Heparin
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A patient with Parkinson’s disease has been prescribed a drug with a predominant effect on the dopaminergic system. What drug is it?
Zopiclone
Levodopa
Droperidol
Lorazepam
Aminazine
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Exacerbation of urolithiasis has caused a renal colic in the patient. What drug must be administered to arrest the colic?
Aethimizolum
Almagel
Siliborum
Neostigmine methylsulfate
Drotaverine hydrochloride
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A patient with atopic dermatitis presented to the hospital. Which drug with anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effect should be administered to this patient?
Prednisolone
Insulin
Retabolilum
Oxytocin
Aethamidum
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What solution is used for the detection of iron (II) ions under the SPhU requirements?
Lanthanum nitrate
Ammonia
Potassium ferricyanide
Sodium hydroxide
Silver nitrate
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The manufacturing pharmaceutical company Elema set up its own corporate pharmacy. In this case, it uses the following distribution channel:
Fourth level
Second level
Third level
First level
Zero level
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An analytical laboratory has the task to confirm the presence of ethylenedi-amine in the aminophylline. Which of the following reagents alows to detect ethylenediamine?
Sodium hydroxide
Copper (II) sulfate
Silver nitrate
Concentrated sulfuric acid
Barium chloride
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Help the doctor to select a drug from the group of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs, which is an inhibitor of COX-2 and does not damage the stomach:
Indomethacin
Diclofenac sodium
Acetylsalicylic acid
Paracetamol
Celecoxib
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A patient with acute intoxication has been administered a loop diuretic in order to cause the forced diuresis. What drug is it?
Spironolactone
Furosemide
Mannitol
Triamterene
Hydrochlorothiazide
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A hypertensive patient has been administered lisinopril. What side effect is typical for this drug?
Increased appetite
Insomnia
Vomiting
Constipation
Dry cough
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Advise an internship doctor on why iron preparations should not be administered along with antacids:
This causes increased binding to blood proteins
This accelerates elimination of iron preparations
This causes malabsorption of iron
This increases intoxication with iron preparations
This impairs deposition of iron in the body
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Pharmaceutical analyst working at the laboratory of the State Inspectorate for Quality Control of Medicines identifies the drug substance 'Glucose anhydrous'with copper-tartrate solution ( Fehling’s reagent). What colour precipitate is produced?
Purple
Blue
Black
White
Red
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Senior nurse of the surgical department of the city hospital applied to the interhospital pharmacy. Specify the supporting document for the dispension of dressing material from this pharmacy:
Certificate
Invoice
Passport
Requisition
Tax invoice
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Under the SPh of Ukraine, one of the reactions for the detection of calcium cation presence in drugs is the reaction with:
Glyoxal-hydroxyanil
Hydroxyquinoline
Sulfuric acid
Hydroxylamine
Alizarin
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A pharmaceutical analyst working at the laboratory of the State Inspectorate for Quality Control of Medicines identifies 'Thiamine hydrobromide'with the solution of potassium ferricyanide in the alkaline medium. When doing this, he observes a light-blue fluorescence of the alcohol layer in UV light. What product is thus formed?
Ninhydrin
Thalleioquin
Quinoneimine
Thiochrome
Murexide
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Treatment of a patient who has developed an attack of bronchial asthma for the first time should be started with:
Inhalation of ^-agonists
M-anticholinergic drugs
Яг-histamine blockers
Inhalation of glucocorticosteroid
Agonists parenterally
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A patient with acute heart failure and cardiac glycoside intolerance was given an injection of dobutamine. What is the mechanism of its action?
Stimulation of a 1 -adrenoceptors
Inhibition of phosphodiesterase
Blockade of K+-, Na+-ATPase
Stimulation of M-cholinergic receptors
Stimulation of ^-adrenoceptors
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Specify the indicator which measures the total contribution of various solutes to the osmotic pressure of the solution:
Isohydricity
Apyrogenicity
Osmolality
Isotonicity
Isoviscosity
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When setting up a joint-stock company the founders discussed the issues of financial liability. What is the liability of the board members in a joint-stock company?
Limited to the value of their shares
Unlimited and solidary
Limited to the amount of deposits
Limited to the contributions to the statutory fund and their property
Limited to the double amount of deposits
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A pharmacy opens a bank account to store funds and conduct ongoing business transactions. What kind of account should be opened?
Investment
Letter of credit
Current
Provisional
Deposit
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A female patient has a sleep disorder after stress. Which of the following hypnotic drugs should be preferred for the treatment of insomnia?
Chloral hydrate
Aminazine
Phenobarbital
Nitrozepam
Barbital
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Precipitation reactions are used to establish the identity of drugs. Cation of sodium in sodium citrate can be identified by the formation of a white precipitate with:
Iron (III) chloride
Barium chloride
Silver nitrate
Potassium ferrocyanide
Potassium permanganate
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A pharmaceutical analyst analyzes xeroform. Which of the following reagents can he use to identify bismuth in xeroform?
Sodium sulfide
Ammonium hydroxide
Copper sulphate
Barium chloride
Potassium sodium tartrate
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It is required to perform the extraction of medical poisons isolated from the biological material by the method of VP Kramarenko. At the same time, what substance will be extracted from the acidic medium?
Ephedrine
Aminazine
Papaverine
Codeine
Benzonal
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A forensic medicine laboratory received some biological material. It should be tested for the presence of trichlorfon and dichlorvos. For their isolation a toxicologist infuses them with:
Ethanol acidified with oxalic acid
Chloroform
Water acidified with sulfuric acid
Propanol acidified with oxalic acid
Water alkalized with ammonia solution
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Pharmacies prepare injectable solutions. Which solution is prepared without any stabilizer?
Novocaine solution
Solution of caffeine sodium benzoate
Glucose solution
Sodium thiosulfate solution
Sodium bicarbonate solution
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A pharmacy sells medicines. Which of the following medicines is on the list of the controlled substances?
Tramadol
Gentamicin sulfate
Hydrocortisone acetate
Streptocid
Postinor
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A pharmaceutist has to prepare an aqueous extract of medicinal plants. What can be used as a substitute of plant material in the drug preparation?
Aromatic water
Tincture
Standardized extract concentrate
Thick extract
Liquid extract
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A 65-year-old female patient with a fracture of mandible has been prescribed a drug from the group of narcotic analgesics. Specify this drug:
Piracetam
Heparin
Cinnarizine
Promedol
Furosemide
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A hypertensive patient has been prescribed a drug from the group of nonselective betablockers. Specify this drug:
Labetalol
Neostigmine methylsulfate
Adrenaline hydrochloride
Prazosin
Anapriline
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A patient has a history of cholelithiasis. What drug should be administered to prevent biliary colic?
Pancreatin
Bisacodyl
Contrycal
Magnesium sulfate
Almagel
‹ Назад
Далі ›
From the pharmaceutical stock select a reversible anticholinesterase drug to be administered to the patients with atony of the intestine and urinary bladder in the postoperative period:
Atropine sulfate
Phosphacolum
Proserin
Benzohexonium
Dithylinum
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A patient after acute myocardial infarction has been recommended to take acetylsalicylic acid for 3-4 months. What effect of acetylsalicylic acid would be most relevant for this patient?
Spasmolytic
Antiinflammatory
Antipyretic
Antiplatelet
Analgesic
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Rose essential oil is used as an antiinflammatory and antispasmodic agent. It is localized in the following excretory structures:
Essential oil conceptacles
Essential oil glandules
Glandular spots
Glandular hairs
Secretory cells
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Production, labour and socioeconomic relations between the head of a pharmaceutical company and the workforce are regulated by:
Labour contract
Contract
Collective agreement
Statute
Corporate code
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A pharmacy makes bulk purchases of health and hygiene products. The agent works under a contract with the manufacturer and operates on his account. The agent may be given the exclusive right to sell goods in certain regions. Specify this agent:
Dealer
Broker
Commission agent
Wholesale agent
Consignee
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A pharmaceutical company has made a decision to expand its activities. The process of the company’s activity expansion by penetration into new fields of the branch is called:
Conglomeration
Segmentation
Centralization
Diversification
Integration
‹ Назад
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A pharmacy prepares ointments with extracts. What is the way to incorporate the dry and thick extracts into the ointments?
To incorporate them directly into the molten ointment base
To triturate them first with alcohol-water-glycerol [1:6:3] mixture
To dissolve them in water first
To disperse them with ethanol
To disperse them with a liquid which is compatible with the base
‹ Назад
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A pharmacy received a prescription: Rp.: Dibazoli0,05 Papaverini hydrochloridi 0,15 Sacchari 2,5 M. fiat pulv. Divide in partes aequales №10. Specify the weight of a single powder dose :
0, 30
0,27
0, 26
2, 7
0, 25
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A pharmaceutist working at an analytical laboratory is engaged into sulfite-ion identification of a drug in compliance with the requirements of SPhU. What reagent becomes colourless in this study?
Potassium nitrate solution
Iron (III) chloride solution
Ammonia solution
Iodine solution
Potassium iodide solution
‹ Назад
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Select a drug for the treatment of bronchial asthma from the group of fi2-agonists:
Ketotifen
Salbutamol
Aminophylline
Beclomethasone
Atrovent
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Ampules are produced of glass with appropriate heat resistance. An ampule would meet the requirements of technical standards if the ampule glass has the following characteristic:
Withstanding the stresses during production and transportation
Protection of light-sensitive materials
Quality ampule sealing
Thermal shock resistance
Easy cutting of capillaries
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Ampule quality control involves testing for chemical resistance. What methods are used to test this indicator?
Various acid-base indicators, pH meter, gravimetric methods
Visual, gravimetric methods
Autoclaving followed by titration with a solution of hydrochloric acid
Photoelastic method
Exposing the glass samples to the action of sodium carbonate and sodium hydrocarbonate solutions
‹ Назад
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A pharmaceutist prepared the massage cream of the following composition: Beeswax 12,0 Almond oil 68,5 Spermaceti 12,0 Anhydrous lanolin 7,5 Essential oil of lavender 3 drops. Specify the cream type:
Suspension
Non-oily
Emulsion
Oily
Combined
‹ Назад
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What is the function of anhydrous lanolin in the suppository mass used for suppositories prepared by hand rolling?
Solubilizer
Plasticizer
Emollient
Preservative
Solvent
‹ Назад
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Plantain leaves are used for production of Plantaglucidum which has antiulcerogenic action. The plant material analysis involves quantitative determination of the following class of compounds:
Carotenoids
Polysaccharides
Amarines
Terpenes
Vitamins
‹ Назад
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What herbal drug produced form alkaloid-containing raw materials can be recommended for neurasthenia, insomnia, menopausal disorders?
Glaucine hydrochloride
Ergotamine
Securinine nitrate
Novopassit
Vinblastine
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A pharmaceutist has prepared a suspension with a hydrophobic substance. What stabilizer is required for its preparation?
Glucose
Polyethylene oxide
5% solution of methyl cellulose
Sodium chloride
Sodium thiosulfate
‹ Назад
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A patient has been found to have pesticide intoxication. Biochemical (cholinesterase) test was positive. What pesticide is likely to have caused the intoxication?
Heptachlor
Hexachlorocyclohexane
Dichlorvos
DDT
Ethyl mercury chloride
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Which of the following sublingual drugs quickly relieves an attack of stenocardia?
Lisinopril
Digoxin
Corglycon
Amiodarone
Nitroglycerine
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Diazepam is used for the treatment of neuroses due to the following pharmacological effect:
Antipyretic
Anxiolytic
Diuretic
Analgesic
Antidepressant
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A patient has been administered a spasmolytic from the group of muscarinic receptor antagonists as a part of the complex treatment for renal colic. Specify this drug:
Neostigmine
Atropine
Benzohexonium
Dithylinum
Galantamine
‹ Назад
Далі ›
One of the recent industrial medical forms that is used in pediatric practice and intended for young children unable of swallowing tablets is:
Gelatin microcapsules
Dragee
Granules
Spansules
Tubatines
‹ Назад
Далі ›
What final document is used for the preparation of the report on the discrepancies revealed in course of the inventory at the pharmacy?
Invoice
Inventory item description
Commercial report
Checklist
Act on the inventory results
‹ Назад
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Pharmaceutical market of Ukraine comprises pharmacies of various forms of ownership. Specify the form of ownership for a community pharmacy:
-
Territorial community
Workforce of an enterprise
Private person
Group of shareholders
‹ Назад
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A patient with a history of allergic rhinitis has been prescribed ephedrine in form of nasal drops. The patient has significantly benefited from nasal instillation, and this stimulated him to use the drug every two hours. But under these conditions the drug appeared to be ineffective. What is the most likely cause of this phenomenon?
Tachyphylaxis
Idiosyncrasy
Drug dependence
Allergy
Cumulation
‹ Назад
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A pharmaceutic plant producing aerosol forms uses liquefied gases as propellents. Which of the following substances relates to the group of liquefied gases?
Nitrous oxide
Ethylene chloride
Methylene chloride
Nitrogen
Freons
‹ Назад
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A pharmaceutist has to prepare a drug by the prescription: Rp.: Natrii hydrocarbonatis 2,0 Natrii benzoatis 1,5 Liquoris Ammonii anisatis 4 ml Aquae Mentae 100 ml M.D.S. 1 tablespoon 3 times a day. Specify the component that is added in the first place :
Sodium hydrogen carbonate
Mint water
Sodium benzoate
Liquoris Ammonii anisatis
Sugar syrup
‹ Назад
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A person got poisoned with an unknown substance. Chemico-toxicological test for the isolated toxin with Dragendorff’s, Sonnenschein’s, Schei-bler’s reagents caused setting of sediments. The specific study should be focused on the following group of toxic substances:
Alkaloids and nitrogen-containing compounds
Metal toxins
Hydrocyanic acid
Methyl alcohol
Ammonia and its salts
‹ Назад
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A laboratory for drug quality control checks the quality of the drug substance nitrofural ( furacilin). The chemical denomination of this drug is :
N(-(2-Furantdil)-5-fluorouracil
1-(5- Nitrofurfurilidenamino)imidazolidine-2,4-dione
7- Nitro-5-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one
5-Nitro-2-furaldehyde semicarbazone
1,2-Diphenyl-4-butylpyrazolidine-dione-3, 5
‹ Назад
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A 25-year-old patient with frequent migraine attacks has been prescribed sumatriptan. Specify the mechanism of its action:
Selective antagonist of 5 — HTX-serotonin receptors
Nonselective «-blocker
Stimulator of в-adrenergic receptors
Selective «-blocker
Selective agonist of 5 — HTi-serotonin receptors
‹ Назад
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A 43-year-old patient with a severe form of rheumatoid arthritis has been administered a certain drug for background therapy. Specify this drug:
Methylprednisolone
Diclofenac sodium
Prednisolone
Nimesulide
Methotrexate
‹ Назад
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In order to analyze marketing opportunities and make a forecast of the market position a pharmaceutical company can use a matrix allowing the company to find new markets ( geographical) or identify new areas of using traditional medicines. What matrix is used by a pharmaceutical company to identify its market position?
Boston Consulting Group matrix
Porter’s matrix
Competitive force models
Matrix of competitive advantages
Ansoff matrix
‹ Назад
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A female 49-year-old patient complains of compressing headache in the occipital region, dizziness, increased AP. The patient has a history of diabetes melli-tus type II. What diuretic DOES NOT affect the blood glucose level?
Furosemide
Indapamide
Ethacrynic acid
Urea
Hypothiazide
‹ Назад
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A 65-year-old patient complains of nausea, vomiting, lethargy, seeing yellow spots in front of his eyes. The patient daily takes 0,25 mg of digoxin, 100 mg of aspecardum, 50 mg of metoprolol. What pathological condition is this syndrome typical for?
Food poisoning
Tachyphylaxis
Hypersensitivity reaction
Glycoside intoxication
Withdrawal syndrome
‹ Назад
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Pharmaceutical plants produce ointments on various bases. Specify the ointment base having the most pronounced osmotic properties:
Hydrogenated fat
Vaseline, lanolin
Polyethylene oxide
Methyl cellulose
Silicon
‹ Назад
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Ampule workshop of a pharmaceutical factory produces the procaine hydrochloride solution. This solution is stabilized by adding:
0,1 mol/l of hydrochloric acid solution
1,5 g of amino-propylene glycol
0,1 mol/l of sodium hydrogen carbonate solution
20,0 of sodium hydrogen carbonate
0,1 mol/l of sodium hydroxide solution
‹ Назад
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Some alkaline solution was added to the alcohol solution of ftivazide, causing the solution to change colour from the light yellow to the orange-yellow. Subsequent addition of hydrochloric acid made the solution become again light yellow, and then orange-yellow. What properties of ftivazide are proved by this reaction?
Base
Oxidative
Reducing
Acid
Amphoteric
‹ Назад
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When atropine sulfate is tested for purity, the alkaloids and degradation products are detected by TLC. For this purpose the chromatographic plate is sprayed with a solution of:
Ammonia
Tetrabutylammonium hydroxide
Acetic-hydrochloric dini- trophenylhydrazine
Potassium iodobismuthate
Ninhydrin
‹ Назад
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Specific impurity of thiosulfates in Natrii iodidum and Kalii iodidum is identified by adding starch and iodine solutions. The absence of impurities is proved by:
Disappearance of the blue colour
Discolouration of the solution
White precipitate
Yellow colour
Blue colour
‹ Назад
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Bronchodilatory effect of shortacting ^2-adrenoceptor agonist salbutamol develops after:
5-10 minutes
45-60 minutes
20-30 minutes
4-6 hours
2-3 hours
‹ Назад
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A 12 weeks pregnant patient has been hospitalized with symptoms of acute cystitis. What antibiotic can be recommend in this case?
Ciprofloxacin
Amoxicillin
Tetracycline
Gentamicin
Metronidazole
‹ Назад
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Issuing prescriptions and orders for drugs and medical products is regulated by the Order № 360 dated 19.07.2005 (as amended). Specify the prescription form for phenobarbital as a part of a combined dosage form:
No prescription
F-2
F-3 in duplicate
F-1
Prescription forms F-1 and F-3 in duplicate
‹ Назад
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Vacation leaves for employees of pharmacies include paid annual, additional, sabbatical, social leaves, as well as unpaid leaves. What is the total duration of the paid basic and additional vacation leave?
60 calendar days
59 calendar days
70 calendar days
90 calendar days
65 calendar days
‹ Назад
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Representatives of the family Solanaceae are widely used in medical practice as alkaloidcontaining plants. Which representative is the source for production of semi-synthetic steroid hormones?
Hyoscyamus niger
Atropa belladonna
Datura Stramonium
Solanum tuberosum
Solanum laciniatum
‹ Назад
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After harvesting the calamus rhizomes the received material should be dried. What temperature range is required for obtaining good-quality raw material?
35-40°C
60-70 °C
80-90 °C
40-60 °C
70-80 °C
‹ Назад
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A pharmaceutist has to prepare 10% alcohol solution of iodine. What is the required concentration of ethanol for this purpose?
40 %
70 %
60 %
96 %
95%
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Field horsetail grass is recommend as a diuretic. What herbal material can be used as a substitute?
Herba Convallariae
Herba Leonuri
Herba Menthae piperitae
Herba Aervae lanatae
Herba Adonidis
‹ Назад
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A pharmaceutist prepares an infusion at a ratio of 1:30. What plant material would be used?
Shoots of Marsh Labrador tea
Lily of the valley grass
Sage leaves
Marshmallow root
Oak bark
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Under the SPhU (appendix 2), leaves of ginkgo are standardized by the content of:
Flavonoids
Saponins
Alkaloids
Chromones
Coumarins
‹ Назад
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The pharmaceutical market is characterized by the seasonal fluctuations in demand for anticold medicines. What kind of marketing is used in case of such demand?
Synchromarketing
Remarketing
Developing marketing
Counteractive
Conversive
‹ Назад
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Economic analysis of pharmacy activity involves a number of absolute indices. What index is determined by the formula: 'income from sales - prime cost of goods':
Level of costs
Amount of costs
Total balance
Net profit
Gross profit
‹ Назад
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Salicylic acid and its derivatives may be the cause of acute intoxication. When salicylates are analyzed by TLC method, the chromatographic plate is sprayed with:
Marquis reagent
Solution of iron (III) chloride
Forrest reagent
Solution of mercury (II) sulfate and chloroform solution
Dragendorff’s reagent
‹ Назад
Далі ›
The simple sugar syrup consists of:
50 parts of sugar and 50 parts of water
64 parts of sugar and 36 parts of water
73 parts of sugar, 22 parts of water, 5 parts of 90% alcohol
65 parts of sugar, 33 parts of water, 2 parts of 90% alcohol
45 parts of sugar and 55 parts of water
‹ Назад
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Prescriptions for the controlled drugs dispensed under the reimbursement program (except for the narcotic and psychotropic preparations in substance) are issued on the following prescription form:
№3 in duplicate
№1 and № 3
№1, single copy
№3, single copy
№1 in duplicate
‹ Назад
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Quarterly evaluation of business and financial performance of a pharmacy involves calculating its profitability. For this purpose the following data is used: turnover - 100 thousands UAH, gross profit - 25 thousands UAH, expenditures -1 thousand UAH. Calculate the profitability of the pharmacy:
15%
20 %
25 %
22 %
10 %
‹ Назад
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A patient suffering from epilepsy has taken phenobarbital for a long time and developed drug tolerance. What is the mechanism of this phenomenon development?
Receptor’s sensitivity enhancement
Inhibition of biotransformation
Absorption process reduction
Accumulation of substances in the body
Acceleration of biotransformation
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Who is responsible for the acceptance of goods and medical products with accompanying incoming quality control?
Pharmaceutist
Supplier pharmaceutist
Analyst
Head of pharmacy
Authorized representative
‹ Назад
Далі ›
During steam distillation of voltile poisons the first portion of the distillate is collected in a receiver with 2% solution of sodium hydroxide. It is used to detect:
Cyanides
Ethanol
Phenol
Acetates
Formaldehyde
‹ Назад
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Alkaloid glaucine has an antitussive effect that is stronger and longer if compared to that of codeine, and exhibits no narcotic side effects. What drug plant contains glaucine?
Datura
Henbane bell (Scopolia carniolica)
Yellow hornpoppy
Thermopsis lanceolata
Celandine
‹ Назад
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A pharmacy has no quinquelobate motherwort in stock. It can be substituted by the following herbal material:
Rhizomes and roots of valerian
Beggarticks grass
Linden flowers
Hypericum grass
Raspberry fruits
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Drug plant Dioscorea nipponica is the source for production of Polysponi-num drug which is used in the complex treatment of atherosclerosis. Specify the active compounds of dioscorea material:
Alkaloids
Essential oil
Steroidal saponins
Cardiac glycosides
Triterpene saponins
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A drug raw material from the family Polygonaceae had been sent to a laboratory for analysis. On macroscopic examination the material was identified as a herbaceous plant with lanceolate leaves with a red spot, and filmy ocreae covered with appressed hairs. The plant had the apical inflorescence in dense spicate panicles. What plant is it?
Biting knotweed
Snakeweed
Redshank (persicaria)
Common buckwheat
Common knotweed
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A 35-year-old patient with tachycardia has been administered propranolol. Which of the following reactions may be caused by the use of beta-blockers?
Bronchospasm
Blood pressure rise
Cumulation
Drug dependence
Constipations
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Under the SPhU requirements mercury salts are indentified by means of interaction with sodium hydroxide solution. Specify the colour of the precipitate that is produced as a resut of this reaction:
Yellow-green
Blue
Yellow
Red
White
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A 17-year-old patient complains of persistent thirst, dry mouth, frequent urination, increased appetite. Blood glucose is at the rate of 11 mmol/l. The patient has been diagnosed with diabetes melli-tus type I. What drug is indicated for treatment?
Glibenclamide
Asparcamum
Acarbose
Insulin
Maninil
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A pharmacy serves the polyclinics of a city district. Specify the bill of materials that shows the number of drugs dispensed on prescriptions of the doctors who work in the polyclinics:
Inpatient
-
Polyclinic
Medical
Outpatient
‹ Назад
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At the end of the reporting period a pharmacy makes an analysis of its commercial and financial activities. What economic index describing the commercial and financial performance is defined as the ratio of the pharmacy profit to the turnover?
Distribution costs
Bill of material
Retail turnover
Wholesale turnover
Profitability
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Phytochemical workshop of a factory manufactures pancreatin. What is the source material for obtaining pancreatin?
Pancreas of pigs or cattle
Gastric mucosa of pigs
Heart of cattle
Lungs of cattle
Egg white
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Which of the following diuretics SHOULD NOT be administered to patients with impaired hearing?
Spironolactone
Furosemide
Clopamide
Chlorthalidone
Indapamide
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A patient who has been taking acetylsalicylic acid developed hemorrhages of mucous membranes. This phenomenon is associated with:
Inhibition of the prothrombin synthesis
Increased absorption in the gastrointestinal tract
Decreased absorption in the gastrointestinal tract
Changed volume of distribution
Disorder of protein binding
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Simultaneous use of paracetamol and acetylcysteine causes:
Increase of paracetamol nephrotoxicity
Reduction of paracetamol hepatotoxi-city
Inhibition of paracetamol absorption
Reduction of anti-inflammatory action of paracetamol
Increase of mucolytic action of acetylcysteine
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Simultaneous use of gentamicin and acyclovir tablets increases the risk of:
Cardiotoxicity
Hepatotoxicity
Likelihood of allergic reactions
Nephrotoxicity
Neurotoxicity
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Simultaneous use of doxycycline hydrochloride and oral contraceptive causes:
-
Increase of the antibacterial effect of doxycycline
Reduction of the antibacterial effect of doxycycline
Reduction of oral contraceptives effectiveness
Increase of oral contraceptives effectiveness
‹ Назад
Далі ›
In case of simultaneous use of metronidazole and oral anticoagulants derived from coumarin patients must be warned about:
Higher neurotoxicity
Reduction of anticoagulants effect
Potentiation of anticoagulants effect and the risk of bleeding
Potentiation of metronidazole effect
Reduction of metronidazole effect
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Business transactions of pharmacies are reported in the accounts. Specify the account that reports the settlements with debtors and creditors:
Positive
Business
Trial balance
Nominal
Negative
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Apart from goods sales, there are other business transactions that can be characterized as goods disposal. Which of the following business transactions reduces the stock at pharmacies?
Reclassifying other supplies as goods
Bringing the glassware on charge
Bringing the oversupply on charge
Revaluation for the packing and laboratory work
Disposal of products for economic needs
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A pharmaceutical analyst analyzes the substance of ascorbic acid in compliance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine. To identify the oxalic acid impurities he uses the solution of:
Sodium thiosulfate
Sodium sulfate
Sodium chloride
Calcium chloride
Sodium hydrocarbonate
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Phenobarbital drug has a sedative, hypnotic and anti-epileptic effect. What is its international nonproprietary name?
Chloramphenicol
Diazepam
Salol
Nitrofurazone
Luminal
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A 70-year-old patient with stenocardia claims that the pharmacy sold him a drug that relieved an attack of stenocardia but instead caused an acute bursting headache. What antihypertensive drug is this side effect typical for?
Trimetazidine
Amlodipine
Nifedipine
Nitrosorbid
Metoprolol
‹ Назад
Далі ›
During the working day a pharmaceutist prepared five dosage forms. Which of them requires a complete chemical control?
Eye drops 10 ml of 2% ethylmorphine hydrochloride solution
5 % aethonium solution
Antipruritic ointment
Mixtura Pavlovi
Ear drops with levomycitin
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Commercial and financial activity of a pharmacy involves using returnable tare. Which of the following containers are returned to the supplier?
Glass-stoppered bottles
Paper boxes
Packaging materials
Metal cylinders
Glassware
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A pharmacy plans to expand the production of medicines. For this purpose it purchased the production equipment at a cost of 7000 uAh. The cost of the equipment will be recorded to the balance of the pharmacy as:
Residual
Initial cost
Fair value
Amortization cost
Revalued amount
‹ Назад
Далі ›
An accountant of a pharmacy issued a cash receipt voucher for the sales proceeds. What document is used to register cash receipt and cash payment vouchers before the cash arrives to the cashiers?
Cash report
Ledger of cash dispensed and received by the senior teller
Pay list
Cash book
Register of receipt and payment cash documents
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Biochemical blood test revealed low level of serum iron. What disease are these changes typical for?
Bronchiectasis
Iron-deficiency anemia
Acute bronchitis
Pneumonia
Bronchial asthma
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A patient who has been treated for hypertension complains of cough. Objective examination reveals no changes in the lungs. Which of the following drugs might have caused cough?
Amlodipine
Hypothiazide
Captopril
Clonidine
Nebivolol
‹ Назад
Далі ›
What non-narcotic antitussive drug of central action can be used for dry cough?
Glaucine
Codeine
Ambroxol
Acetylcysteine
Mucaltin
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Galenic preparations are produced by using various extractants. What extractants require pressure as a prior condition for the extraction process?
Ethanol
Methyl alcohol, acetone
Vegetable oils
Dichloroethane, chloroform
Liquefied gases
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Menthol has anesthetic and antiseptic effect. What plant is the source of menthol?
Folia Eucalypti
Folia Uvae ursi
Folia Salviae
Folia Absinthii
Folia Menthae piperitae
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Hydrocyanic acid and its salts are extremely toxic substances. In humans, they are partly neutralized by enzymatic conversion into:
Nitrogen (II) oxide
Acetic acid
Thiocyanate
Ethanol
Carbon (IV) oxide
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Methyl alcohol which is widely used in industry causes severe health disorders when enters the human body even in small amounts. This effect is induced by the action of the following major metabolites of methanol:
Acetic acid and acetaldehyde
Ethyl alcohol and ethyl acetate
Formaldehyde and formate acid
Methyl acetate and ethyl acetate
Ethanol and acetaldehyde
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Enrolled in private pharmacies to implement a drug whose active ingredient is the chemical name of 2-chloro-10-(3’-dimethylaminopropyl)-phenothiazine hydrochloride. Specify this drug:
Promethazine hydrochloride
Trifluoperazine hydrochloride
Diphenhydramine hydrochloride
Clonidine hydrochloride
Chlorpromazine hydrochloride
‹ Назад
Далі ›
The thyme grass is used for the production of herbal medical products for the treatment of respiratory tract infections. Under the SPhU, the herbal raw material is subject to chromatographic identification by means of thin layer chromatography. What substances are detected on the chromatographic plate after its treatment with due reagent?
Apigenin and luteolin
Atropine and hyoscyamine
Arbutin and methyl arbutin
Quercetin and rutin
Thymol and carvacrol
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Flower buds of clove contain the essential oil used for production of herbal antiseptics. Under the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine, the raw materials are identified by the method of thin layer chromatography. What zones can be identified on the chromatographic plate after their treatment with reagent?
Apigenin and luteolin
Scopoletin and umbeliferon
Quercetin and rutin
Hyoscyamine and scopolamine
Eugenol and caryophyllene
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Specify the base for the preparation of antibiotic ointments:
7 parts of vaseline + 3 part of lanolin
5 parts of vaseline + 1 part of lanolin
6 parts of vaseline + 4 part of lanolin
8 parts of vaseline + 2 part of lanolin
5 parts of vaseline + 5 part of lanolin
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Business transactions of a pharmacy are recorded in the control accounts as listed in the chart of accounts. The balance on the ledger and sub-ledger accounts is used to fill out the following document:
Profit and loss account
Fourth section of the liabilities side
Assets
Liabilities
First section of the liabilities side
‹ Назад
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A 40-year-old patient has a history of bronchial asthma and heart rhythm disorders in form of bradyarrhythmias. Bronchospasm can be eliminated by the drugs of the following pharmacological group:
в-blockers
M-cholinergic antagonists
M-cholinomimetics
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Muscle relaxants
‹ Назад
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