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It is required to prove the presence of bismuth ions in the mineral residue. What preliminary reaction is used for this purpose?
With 8-hydroxyquinoline
With sodium rhodizonate
With copper acetate
With potassium chromate
With dithizone
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A pharmacy prepared a solution of macromolecular substance with limited swelling capacity. What solution was labelled 'warm up before use'?
Methyl cellulose
Pepsin
Trypsin
Pancreatin
Gelatin
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A pharmacy rceived a prescription for ethyl alcohol. What amount of alcohol can be dispensed to the patient with diabetes free of charge?
150 g per month
100 g per month
200 g per month
There is no standard
50 g per month
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Schedule of sanitation actions in pharmacies is regulated by the relevant regulatory acts. Cleaning day at a pharmacy must be scheduled for at least 1 time:
In 10 days
In 3 days
In a month
In a week
In 5 days
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6 months after treatment a patient with coronary heart disease developed tolerance to the prolonged-action nitrates. What drug with nitrate-similar effect should be recommended in this case?
Nifedipine
Verapamil
Molsidomine
Prazosin
Metoprolol
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Losartan for treatment of arterial hypertension is contraindicated in case of:
Hypokalemia
Pregnancy
Urine acid diathesis
Hyperglycemia
Hyperlipidemia
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A patient with hypertensive crisis has been given an intravenous injection of clonidine. What mechanism underlies the antihypertensive effect of clonidine?
Direct myotropic effect on blood vessels
Blockade of в-adrenergic receptors
Blockade of peripheral a-adrenergic receptors
Blockade of N-cholinergic receptors
Stimulation of the central presynaptic a2-adrenergic receptors
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A patient with the symptoms of cardiac glycoside intoxication has been administered unitiol. What is the mechanism of therapeutic action of this drug?
Increase in Na+ level in the myocardium
Induction of cardiac glycosides metabolism
Binding of the ionized Ca2+
Reactivation of the membrane K +, Na+-ATPase
Increased penetration of K + into the cardiac myocytes
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A 38-year-old male patient with mercuric chloride intoxication has been delivered to the admission ward in grave condition. What antidote must be immediately administered the patient?
Izonitrozinum
Unithiol
Nalorphine
Dipyroxime
Atropine
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Standard herbal material of lily-of-the-valley is obtained by drying it at a temperature of 50-60 oC in order to prevent the following possible biochemical process :
Oxidation of resins
Oxidation of terpenoids
Enzymatic hydrolysis of cardiac glycosides
Oxidation of phenolic compounds
Volatilization of essential oils
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Which drug including the beta-lactam cycle in its structure gives a positive reaction with a solution of hydroxylamine hydrochloride in the presence of sodium hydroxide followed by adding the solution of iron (III) chloride?
Antipyrine
Phenoxymethylpenicillin
Streptocid
Dibazolum
Papaverine hydrochloride
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A pharmaceutical plant produces spi-ssum extract with 0,25% ammonia solution used as an extractant. This is a spissum extract of:
Male fern
Valerian
Motherwort
Sagebrush
Licorice
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A person got poisoned with the lead compounds. What is the most sensitive method of the quantitative analysis of lead ions?
Chelatometry
Atomic absorption spectrometry
Gravimetry
Photometry
Dichromate iodimetry
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A marketing manager of a pharmaceutical company carries out market research on vitamin preparation market. He takes into account various parameters including the therapeutical effectiveness, supply and demand. What method should be applied?
Method of extraction from the original medical records
Delphi method
-
Mathematical statistics method
Graph method
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A factrory workshop producing suspensions and emulsions is going to develop the manufacture of new drugs. What mechanisms can be used for the ultrasound processing of drugs?
Rotor-pulsation apparatus, di-smembrator
Centrifugal mixer with rotating housing
Liquid whistle, magnetostrictive source
Disintegrator, liquid whistle
Dismembrator, electrical impulse plasmolyzer
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A pharmaceutist prepared a lipophilic ointment of suspension type. What substance is used for preparing this kind of ointments?
Tannin
Xeroform
Menthol
Herbal extracts
Protargolum
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A pharmaceutist has a labour dispute with the pharmacy administration about rescheduling his annual vacation leave. The employee can appeal against the decision of the pharmacy administration to the following body:
MoH of Ukraine
Labour disputes commission (LDC)
Highest management bodies of pharmaceutical service at the regional level
Trade union committee
Commercial court
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Medications Passit and Novopassit are used as tranquilizing, sedative and mild hypnotic agents. These medications are produced from the following grass:
Elecampane
Garden sage
Three-lobe beggarticks
Lesser periwinkle
Purple passionflower
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During transportation, the markings on the packages of theobromine and theophylline were damaged. What solution allows to identify theobromine and theophylline?
Copper nitrate
Cobalt chloride
Potassium dichromate
Potassium permanganate
Sodium chloride
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Which of the following antihypertensive drugs has potassium-sparing action?
Triamterene
Prazosin
Metoprolol
Furosemide
Diltiazem
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What drug acts as a specific antidote in case of iron drug intoxication?
Bemegride
Penicillamine
Deferoxamine
Atropine
Protamine sulfate
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A regional medical representative of a foreign company uses the data derived from periodicals and reference and statistical materials in order to characterize the territorial pharmaceutical market. What kind of market research is based upon these sources?
This method does not apply to research
Field studies
All answers are correct
Desk studies
-
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A pharmaceutist was on a business trip. What is the deadline for submitting a travel expense report?
Four working days after returning from a trip
Three working days after returning from a trip
There is no deadline
Ten working days after returning from a trip
A week after returning from a trip
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An accountable person (accountant) has been given some cash from the cash account of the company for the purchase of stationery goods . What is the deadline for submitting a full statement of the accountable person on the cash use after receiving the cash?
There is no fixed term
One week
Third banking day
Ten working days
Five working days
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A pharmaceutist prepares trituration of atropine sulfate. What adjuvant should be used for this purpose?
Lactose
Starch
Talc
Glucose
Saccharose
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A pharmaceutical factory produces tablets of sodium chloride. What is the method of their poduction?
Direct compression without additional substances
Direct compression with the addition of excipients
Wet granulation prior to compression
Moulding
Dry granulation prior to compression
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A pharmaceutical factory produces suspensions and emulsions. Specify the equipment which is used for dispersion and mixing in the liquid medium:
Drum mixers
Gate mixers
Oscillating mixers
Anchor mixers
Rotor-pulsation apparatus, colloid mixers
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A pharmaceutist prepared eye drops containing silver nitrate. What substance must be taken to ensure isotonicity?
Glucose
Boric acid
Sodium sulfate
Sodium chloride
Sodium nitrate
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In order to detect the presence of thiosulfate ions a pharmaceutical analyst added the excess reagent. The resulting reaction produced a white precipitate, which slowly turned yellow, then brown, and black. What solution was added?
Lead (II) acetate
Barium chloride
Diphenylamine
Silver nitrate
Ammonium oxalate
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Collective labour agreement is concluded by a trade union committee with the enterprise owner on behalf of the workforce. Any collective agreement is worked out in written form. Which article of the Labor Code regulates the duration of the collective agreement?
40
17
41
38
36
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A person got poisoned with salts of manganese. Analysis of the mineral residue revealed manganese ions. What reactions underlie the chemical processes of manganese detection?
Metathesis
Hydrolysis
Oxidation-reduction
Neutralization
Dissociation
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A pharmaceutist prepares a solution for injections that must be stabilized with 0,1M of hydrochloric acid solution. What solution is to be prepared?
Calcium chloride
Potassium chloride
Novocaine
Sodium benzoate
Hexamethylenetetramine
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Paracetamol substance has been sent for analysis. Reaction with the solution of iron (III) chloride gave the blue-purple colour. This indicates the presence of:
Keto group
Ester group
Alcoholic hydroxyl
Phenolic hydroxyl
Aldehyde group
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Production of tablets requires stage-to-stage quality control. What devices are used to determine the particle size distribution (fraction) of granules?
Various vibrosieves
Friabilators
Laboratory IDs
Microscope
Standard set of sieves
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Analysis of the drug sales performance revealed market expansion, the absolute increase of the drug in manufacturer’s stocks, slowdown in the growth rate of sales, intense competition. What stage of the product life cycle is the drug in?
Growth
Saturation and decline
Introduction
Development
Maturity
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Anthracene derivatives of emodin have purgative effect. Large quantities of anthracenederived groups of emodin are contained in the fruits of the following plant:
Elder (Sambucus)
Blackcurrant
Buckthorn
Blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus)
Alder buckthorn (Frangula alnus)
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Theory of management currently points out four the most important approaches to the management. Select the approach that is NOT applied in the theory of management:
Systemic
Situational
Process approach
Structured
Different schools dedication approach
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A pharmaceutist worked on a holiday, and the time worked was within the normal working hours of the current month. The employee would be entitled to be paid:
Fixed salary + double daily rate
Single piecework rate
Fixed salary + one daily rate
According to the standard procedure as for a normal working day
There would be no penalty rates
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A pharmacy has a license for selling narcotic drugs. The warrant for the receipt of these drugs from the pharmacy warehouse is valid for:
No longer than one calendar days from the date of issue
No longer than five calendar days from the date of issue
No longer than three months from the date of issue
No longer than one year from the date of issue
No longer than 10 calendar days from the date of issue
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Help the doctor to select a drug for the replacement therapy after the thyroid gland removal:
Parathyroidin
L-thyroxine
Insulin
Prednisolone
Mercazolilum
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Chloride of lime is identified by calcium cations after boiling with acetic acid in order to eliminate active chlorine. What reagent is used?
Ammonium molybdate
Magnesium sulfate
Potassium chloride
Ammonium oxalate
Sodium nitrite
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The medicine 'Bismuthi subnitras'can be identified after dissolving it in the acid with the following reagent:
Potassium nitrate
Potassium chlorate
Sodium sulfate
Sodium chloride
Potassium iodide
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Sterilization methods used for the preparation of drugs under aseptic conditions can be differentiated into physical, mechanical, and chemical ones. Specify the chemical method of sterilization:
Radiation sterilization
Pressure steam sterilization
Dry heat sterilization
UV light sterilization
Addition of preservatives
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Activity of a company leader involves managerial decision-making aimed at the achievement of corporate goals. Which of the following decisions are NOT classified by the method of justification?
Decisions based upon judgements
Rational
Standard
-
Intuitive
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Pharmacies prepare triturations of toxic and superpotent substances. They can be prepared in a following ratio:
1:10 and 1:100
1:100 only
1:500
1:1000
1:10 only
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It is required to prepare furacilin solution (1:5000). What is the dissolution peculiarity of furacilin?
It dissolves in the purified water after the trituration
It dissolves in the filtered purified water
It dissolves in the boiling water purified in the presence of sodium chloride
It dissolves in the cold purified water
It dissolves in a minimal amount of ethyl alcohol
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The method of suspension preparation depends on the properties of its components. Specify the substances having hydrophobic properties:
Sodium bicarbonate, sodium sulfate
White clay, bentonite
Zinc oxide, talc
Camphor, menthol
Boric acid, calcium carbonate
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A patient has been prescribed hand-rolled rectal suppositories with 0,1 g of aminophylline. What is the amount of base required for each suppository, provided that the suppository weight is not specified in the formulation?
2,4 g
3,9 g
2,9 g
1,9 g
1,4 g
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Pharmaceutical depot received a batch of herbal material of cinnamon rose. What substance determines the quality of the raw material?
Tannins
Anthracene derivatives
Coumarins
Ascorbic acid
Essential oil
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A pharmaceutist prepares an ointment on a hydrophobic base. What substance does he use in order to reduce the melting point of the base?
Ethanol
Dimexide
Vaseline oil
Glycerol
PEG-40
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In order to identify deoxycorticosterone acetate a pharmaceutical analyst performed a steroid cycle reaction, which resulted in formation of cherry-red colour and a green fluorescence. What reagent was added?
Potassium hydroxide solution
Iodine solution
Iron (III) chloride solution
Concentrated sulfuric acid
Chloroform
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An analytical laboratory received a sample of alpha-aminobutyric acid for analysis. What reagent should be used by the analyst in order to identify this substance?
Aniline
Sodium nitrate
Benzene
Calcium bromide
Ninhydrin
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A retail pharmacy has been purchasing goods within an accounting period. What changes to the balance will result from this business transaction?
Changes will be caused to the liabilities only
Decrease in assets and liabilities
Changes will be caused to the assets only
Increase in assets and liabilities
-
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Leaves of greater plantain are harvested in summer by mowing or cutting them with a knife or a sickle. There is always one developed plant left per 1 m2. The plant is harvested in the following vegetation period:
Beginning of fruiting
Blooming
Budding
Rosetting
Ripeness
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A manufacturing enterprise plans to sell a new drug through the corporate chain of pharmacies. What strategy of drug distribution would be used?
Direct
Vertical integration
Flexible
Multi-echelon
Horizontal integration
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The quality of tablets is assessed by various factors. What instrument is used for the tablet disintegration test?
Basket apparatus
-
Paddle
Flow-through device
Friabilator
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A pharmaceutical manufacturer develops a system of product. The focus is laid on the maximum involvement of agent network. What type of marketing is applied?
Selective
-
Combined
Intense
Exclusive
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While preparing marshmallow root extract, a pharmaceutist mistakenly used the water of improper temperature for this extract, and the end product came up turbid. What is the required water temperature for the extraction of this herbal material?
40 oC
100 oC
80 oC
60 oC
Room temperature
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A 67-year-old patient with chronic heart failure takes digoxin. In order to reduce its side effects the patient’s doctor recommended to combine it with the followig drug:
Calcium chloride
Hydrochlorthiazide
Calcium gluconate
Panangin
Euphyllinum
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A certain plant is used for production of tinctures and extracts which are the part of complex drugs Bellataminal, Becarbon, Besalol, etc. Specify the grass that is used for this purpose:
Belladonna
Celandine
Astragalus
Beggarticks
Lily of the valley
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A woman who has been treated for infiltrative focal tuberculosis for a long time complains of acute hearing impairment. Which of the following preparations might be the cause of this side effect?
Isoniazid
Ethionamidum
Rifampicin
Ethambutol
Streptomycin
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A pharmaceutist prepared a drug by the prescription: Rp.: Streptocidi Dermatoli ana 1,0 Lanolini Vaselini ana 5,0 M.D.S.: Apply to the affected skin. Specify the type of the disperse system:
Combined ointment
Solution ointment
Extraction ointment
Suspension ointment
Hydrophilic ointment
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Which of the following antibiotics can be identified by means of the maltol test?
Kanamycin monosulfate
Doxycycline hydrochloride
Amoxicillin
Lincomycin hydrochloride
Streptomycin sulfate
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Pharmacies as legal entities must have statutory capital in order to get registered with state authorities. Specify the amount which is identified as the statutory capital:
Total assets
Amount recorded in the constituent documents
Amount of noncurrent assets
Outstanding amount
Total sources of funds
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A pharmaceutist prepared 100,0 g of oil emulsion using 5% solution of methyl cellulose as an emulsifier. Specify the required amount of oil and emulsifier for the drug preparation:
20,0 g,10,0g
10,0 g, 30,0 g
20,0 g, 30,0 g
10,0 g, 10,0 g
10,0 g, 20,0 g
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A pharmaceutist prepared the 2% aqueous solution by dissolving the drug substance triturated in a mortar. What substance is this technology typical for?
Osarsolum
Boric acid
Potassium permanganate
Calcium gluconate
Potassium bromide
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A pharmaceutist prepares powders with papaverine hydrochloride. What hand scales should be used for weighing out 0,05 g of substance?
BP 20,0
BP 5,0
BP 1,0
BP 2,0
BP 10,0
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What drug can be recommended for symptomatic treatment of muscle pain in a 5-year-old child?
Paracetamol
Acetylsalicylic acid
Indomethacin
Diclofenac sodium
Celecoxib
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A pharmacy received a prescription for an oil liniment including streptocidum. What is the type of disperse system of this preparation?
Suspension
Combined
Solution
Emulsion
Alloy
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White precipitate produced by the reaction of morphine hydrochloride with ammonia solution dissolves in sodium hydroxide solution due to the presence of the following group in the structure of morphine hydrochloride:
Carboxyl group
Aldehyde group
Phenolic hydroxyl
Keto group
Alcoholic hydroxyl
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A person got poisoned with alcohols. What alcohol derivatives are used for the analysis by gasliquid chromatography?
Alkyl acetates
Alkyl nitrites
Alkyl sulfites
Alkyl nitrates
Alkyl sulfates
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A pharmaceutical analyst identifies the substance of potassium acetate. What reagent confirms the presence of potassium cation in the substance?
Potassium permanganate
Sodium hydroxide
Zinc oxide
Iron (III) chloride
Tartaric acid
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According to SPhU, formaldehyde can be identified when a sample is reacted with chromotropic acid solution in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid. What colour is formed by this reaction?
Yellow
Blue
Green
Violet
Brown
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Stimulation of beta-cells of the pancreas causes the hypoglycemic effect of the following drug:
Retabolilum
Prednisolone
Glibenclamide
Heparin
Adrenaline hydrochloride
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A patient with Parkinson’s disease has been prescribed a drug with a predominant effect on the dopaminergic system. What drug is it?
Droperidol
Lorazepam
Zopiclone
Levodopa
Aminazine
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Exacerbation of urolithiasis has caused a renal colic in the patient. What drug must be administered to arrest the colic?
Drotaverine hydrochloride
Aethimizolum
Neostigmine methylsulfate
Almagel
Siliborum
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A patient with atopic dermatitis presented to the hospital. Which drug with anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effect should be administered to this patient?
Insulin
Retabolilum
Aethamidum
Prednisolone
Oxytocin
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What solution is used for the detection of iron (II) ions under the SPhU requirements?
Potassium ferricyanide
Ammonia
Lanthanum nitrate
Silver nitrate
Sodium hydroxide
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The manufacturing pharmaceutical company Elema set up its own corporate pharmacy. In this case, it uses the following distribution channel:
Third level
Fourth level
Zero level
Second level
First level
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An analytical laboratory has the task to confirm the presence of ethylenedi-amine in the aminophylline. Which of the following reagents alows to detect ethylenediamine?
Copper (II) sulfate
Silver nitrate
Sodium hydroxide
Barium chloride
Concentrated sulfuric acid
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Help the doctor to select a drug from the group of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs, which is an inhibitor of COX-2 and does not damage the stomach:
Paracetamol
Celecoxib
Diclofenac sodium
Acetylsalicylic acid
Indomethacin
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A patient with acute intoxication has been administered a loop diuretic in order to cause the forced diuresis. What drug is it?
Triamterene
Hydrochlorothiazide
Spironolactone
Furosemide
Mannitol
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A hypertensive patient has been administered lisinopril. What side effect is typical for this drug?
Constipation
Vomiting
Dry cough
Insomnia
Increased appetite
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Advise an internship doctor on why iron preparations should not be administered along with antacids:
This impairs deposition of iron in the body
This causes malabsorption of iron
This accelerates elimination of iron preparations
This increases intoxication with iron preparations
This causes increased binding to blood proteins
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Pharmaceutical analyst working at the laboratory of the State Inspectorate for Quality Control of Medicines identifies the drug substance 'Glucose anhydrous'with copper-tartrate solution ( Fehling’s reagent). What colour precipitate is produced?
Purple
White
Red
Black
Blue
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Senior nurse of the surgical department of the city hospital applied to the interhospital pharmacy. Specify the supporting document for the dispension of dressing material from this pharmacy:
Invoice
Tax invoice
Passport
Certificate
Requisition
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Under the SPh of Ukraine, one of the reactions for the detection of calcium cation presence in drugs is the reaction with:
Hydroxylamine
Sulfuric acid
Hydroxyquinoline
Alizarin
Glyoxal-hydroxyanil
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A pharmaceutical analyst working at the laboratory of the State Inspectorate for Quality Control of Medicines identifies 'Thiamine hydrobromide'with the solution of potassium ferricyanide in the alkaline medium. When doing this, he observes a light-blue fluorescence of the alcohol layer in UV light. What product is thus formed?
Ninhydrin
Quinoneimine
Murexide
Thiochrome
Thalleioquin
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Treatment of a patient who has developed an attack of bronchial asthma for the first time should be started with:
Agonists parenterally
M-anticholinergic drugs
Inhalation of glucocorticosteroid
Inhalation of ^-agonists
Яг-histamine blockers
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A patient with acute heart failure and cardiac glycoside intolerance was given an injection of dobutamine. What is the mechanism of its action?
Stimulation of ^-adrenoceptors
Blockade of K+-, Na+-ATPase
Inhibition of phosphodiesterase
Stimulation of M-cholinergic receptors
Stimulation of a 1 -adrenoceptors
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Specify the indicator which measures the total contribution of various solutes to the osmotic pressure of the solution:
Isoviscosity
Apyrogenicity
Isohydricity
Isotonicity
Osmolality
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When setting up a joint-stock company the founders discussed the issues of financial liability. What is the liability of the board members in a joint-stock company?
Limited to the value of their shares
Unlimited and solidary
Limited to the contributions to the statutory fund and their property
Limited to the amount of deposits
Limited to the double amount of deposits
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A pharmacy opens a bank account to store funds and conduct ongoing business transactions. What kind of account should be opened?
Investment
Letter of credit
Deposit
Provisional
Current
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A female patient has a sleep disorder after stress. Which of the following hypnotic drugs should be preferred for the treatment of insomnia?
Chloral hydrate
Nitrozepam
Phenobarbital
Aminazine
Barbital
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Precipitation reactions are used to establish the identity of drugs. Cation of sodium in sodium citrate can be identified by the formation of a white precipitate with:
Potassium ferrocyanide
Potassium permanganate
Iron (III) chloride
Barium chloride
Silver nitrate
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A pharmaceutical analyst analyzes xeroform. Which of the following reagents can he use to identify bismuth in xeroform?
Sodium sulfide
Copper sulphate
Ammonium hydroxide
Barium chloride
Potassium sodium tartrate
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It is required to perform the extraction of medical poisons isolated from the biological material by the method of VP Kramarenko. At the same time, what substance will be extracted from the acidic medium?
Ephedrine
Papaverine
Codeine
Benzonal
Aminazine
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A forensic medicine laboratory received some biological material. It should be tested for the presence of trichlorfon and dichlorvos. For their isolation a toxicologist infuses them with:
Water alkalized with ammonia solution
Propanol acidified with oxalic acid
Ethanol acidified with oxalic acid
Chloroform
Water acidified with sulfuric acid
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Pharmacies prepare injectable solutions. Which solution is prepared without any stabilizer?
Glucose solution
Novocaine solution
Sodium bicarbonate solution
Solution of caffeine sodium benzoate
Sodium thiosulfate solution
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A pharmacy sells medicines. Which of the following medicines is on the list of the controlled substances?
Streptocid
Tramadol
Hydrocortisone acetate
Gentamicin sulfate
Postinor
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A pharmaceutist has to prepare an aqueous extract of medicinal plants. What can be used as a substitute of plant material in the drug preparation?
Tincture
Aromatic water
Thick extract
Standardized extract concentrate
Liquid extract
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A 65-year-old female patient with a fracture of mandible has been prescribed a drug from the group of narcotic analgesics. Specify this drug:
Cinnarizine
Furosemide
Heparin
Piracetam
Promedol
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A hypertensive patient has been prescribed a drug from the group of nonselective betablockers. Specify this drug:
Prazosin
Adrenaline hydrochloride
Labetalol
Neostigmine methylsulfate
Anapriline
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A patient has a history of cholelithiasis. What drug should be administered to prevent biliary colic?
Magnesium sulfate
Bisacodyl
Contrycal
Pancreatin
Almagel
‹ Назад
Далі ›
From the pharmaceutical stock select a reversible anticholinesterase drug to be administered to the patients with atony of the intestine and urinary bladder in the postoperative period:
Proserin
Benzohexonium
Atropine sulfate
Dithylinum
Phosphacolum
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A patient after acute myocardial infarction has been recommended to take acetylsalicylic acid for 3-4 months. What effect of acetylsalicylic acid would be most relevant for this patient?
Antiinflammatory
Analgesic
Antiplatelet
Antipyretic
Spasmolytic
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Rose essential oil is used as an antiinflammatory and antispasmodic agent. It is localized in the following excretory structures:
Glandular hairs
Secretory cells
Essential oil glandules
Glandular spots
Essential oil conceptacles
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Production, labour and socioeconomic relations between the head of a pharmaceutical company and the workforce are regulated by:
Corporate code
Statute
Collective agreement
Contract
Labour contract
‹ Назад
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A pharmacy makes bulk purchases of health and hygiene products. The agent works under a contract with the manufacturer and operates on his account. The agent may be given the exclusive right to sell goods in certain regions. Specify this agent:
Consignee
Broker
Dealer
Commission agent
Wholesale agent
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A pharmaceutical company has made a decision to expand its activities. The process of the company’s activity expansion by penetration into new fields of the branch is called:
Integration
Conglomeration
Segmentation
Diversification
Centralization
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A pharmacy prepares ointments with extracts. What is the way to incorporate the dry and thick extracts into the ointments?
To disperse them with a liquid which is compatible with the base
To incorporate them directly into the molten ointment base
To triturate them first with alcohol-water-glycerol [1:6:3] mixture
To dissolve them in water first
To disperse them with ethanol
‹ Назад
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A pharmacy received a prescription: Rp.: Dibazoli0,05 Papaverini hydrochloridi 0,15 Sacchari 2,5 M. fiat pulv. Divide in partes aequales №10. Specify the weight of a single powder dose :
0, 26
2, 7
0, 30
0,27
0, 25
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A pharmaceutist working at an analytical laboratory is engaged into sulfite-ion identification of a drug in compliance with the requirements of SPhU. What reagent becomes colourless in this study?
Potassium iodide solution
Iron (III) chloride solution
Potassium nitrate solution
Ammonia solution
Iodine solution
‹ Назад
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Select a drug for the treatment of bronchial asthma from the group of fi2-agonists:
Salbutamol
Ketotifen
Aminophylline
Beclomethasone
Atrovent
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Ampules are produced of glass with appropriate heat resistance. An ampule would meet the requirements of technical standards if the ampule glass has the following characteristic:
Quality ampule sealing
Thermal shock resistance
Protection of light-sensitive materials
Easy cutting of capillaries
Withstanding the stresses during production and transportation
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Ampule quality control involves testing for chemical resistance. What methods are used to test this indicator?
Visual, gravimetric methods
Various acid-base indicators, pH meter, gravimetric methods
Exposing the glass samples to the action of sodium carbonate and sodium hydrocarbonate solutions
Autoclaving followed by titration with a solution of hydrochloric acid
Photoelastic method
‹ Назад
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A pharmaceutist prepared the massage cream of the following composition: Beeswax 12,0 Almond oil 68,5 Spermaceti 12,0 Anhydrous lanolin 7,5 Essential oil of lavender 3 drops. Specify the cream type:
Suspension
Emulsion
Oily
Non-oily
Combined
‹ Назад
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What is the function of anhydrous lanolin in the suppository mass used for suppositories prepared by hand rolling?
Preservative
Solvent
Plasticizer
Solubilizer
Emollient
‹ Назад
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Plantain leaves are used for production of Plantaglucidum which has antiulcerogenic action. The plant material analysis involves quantitative determination of the following class of compounds:
Terpenes
Carotenoids
Vitamins
Polysaccharides
Amarines
‹ Назад
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What herbal drug produced form alkaloid-containing raw materials can be recommended for neurasthenia, insomnia, menopausal disorders?
Ergotamine
Glaucine hydrochloride
Vinblastine
Novopassit
Securinine nitrate
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A pharmaceutist has prepared a suspension with a hydrophobic substance. What stabilizer is required for its preparation?
Polyethylene oxide
Sodium thiosulfate
Glucose
Sodium chloride
5% solution of methyl cellulose
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A patient has been found to have pesticide intoxication. Biochemical (cholinesterase) test was positive. What pesticide is likely to have caused the intoxication?
Heptachlor
DDT
Ethyl mercury chloride
Dichlorvos
Hexachlorocyclohexane
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Which of the following sublingual drugs quickly relieves an attack of stenocardia?
Amiodarone
Lisinopril
Nitroglycerine
Corglycon
Digoxin
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Diazepam is used for the treatment of neuroses due to the following pharmacological effect:
Analgesic
Anxiolytic
Antidepressant
Diuretic
Antipyretic
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A patient has been administered a spasmolytic from the group of muscarinic receptor antagonists as a part of the complex treatment for renal colic. Specify this drug:
Benzohexonium
Galantamine
Neostigmine
Atropine
Dithylinum
‹ Назад
Далі ›
One of the recent industrial medical forms that is used in pediatric practice and intended for young children unable of swallowing tablets is:
Dragee
Gelatin microcapsules
Tubatines
Granules
Spansules
‹ Назад
Далі ›
What final document is used for the preparation of the report on the discrepancies revealed in course of the inventory at the pharmacy?
Inventory item description
Commercial report
Checklist
Invoice
Act on the inventory results
‹ Назад
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Pharmaceutical market of Ukraine comprises pharmacies of various forms of ownership. Specify the form of ownership for a community pharmacy:
Group of shareholders
Territorial community
-
Private person
Workforce of an enterprise
‹ Назад
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A patient with a history of allergic rhinitis has been prescribed ephedrine in form of nasal drops. The patient has significantly benefited from nasal instillation, and this stimulated him to use the drug every two hours. But under these conditions the drug appeared to be ineffective. What is the most likely cause of this phenomenon?
Allergy
Drug dependence
Cumulation
Idiosyncrasy
Tachyphylaxis
‹ Назад
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A pharmaceutic plant producing aerosol forms uses liquefied gases as propellents. Which of the following substances relates to the group of liquefied gases?
Freons
Nitrous oxide
Ethylene chloride
Methylene chloride
Nitrogen
‹ Назад
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A pharmaceutist has to prepare a drug by the prescription: Rp.: Natrii hydrocarbonatis 2,0 Natrii benzoatis 1,5 Liquoris Ammonii anisatis 4 ml Aquae Mentae 100 ml M.D.S. 1 tablespoon 3 times a day. Specify the component that is added in the first place :
Sodium benzoate
Liquoris Ammonii anisatis
Mint water
Sugar syrup
Sodium hydrogen carbonate
‹ Назад
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A person got poisoned with an unknown substance. Chemico-toxicological test for the isolated toxin with Dragendorff’s, Sonnenschein’s, Schei-bler’s reagents caused setting of sediments. The specific study should be focused on the following group of toxic substances:
Ammonia and its salts
Methyl alcohol
Metal toxins
Alkaloids and nitrogen-containing compounds
Hydrocyanic acid
‹ Назад
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A laboratory for drug quality control checks the quality of the drug substance nitrofural ( furacilin). The chemical denomination of this drug is :
1,2-Diphenyl-4-butylpyrazolidine-dione-3, 5
N(-(2-Furantdil)-5-fluorouracil
1-(5- Nitrofurfurilidenamino)imidazolidine-2,4-dione
7- Nitro-5-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one
5-Nitro-2-furaldehyde semicarbazone
‹ Назад
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A 25-year-old patient with frequent migraine attacks has been prescribed sumatriptan. Specify the mechanism of its action:
Selective agonist of 5 — HTi-serotonin receptors
Nonselective «-blocker
Selective antagonist of 5 — HTX-serotonin receptors
Stimulator of в-adrenergic receptors
Selective «-blocker
‹ Назад
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A 43-year-old patient with a severe form of rheumatoid arthritis has been administered a certain drug for background therapy. Specify this drug:
Diclofenac sodium
Nimesulide
Methotrexate
Prednisolone
Methylprednisolone
‹ Назад
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In order to analyze marketing opportunities and make a forecast of the market position a pharmaceutical company can use a matrix allowing the company to find new markets ( geographical) or identify new areas of using traditional medicines. What matrix is used by a pharmaceutical company to identify its market position?
Ansoff matrix
Porter’s matrix
Matrix of competitive advantages
Competitive force models
Boston Consulting Group matrix
‹ Назад
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A female 49-year-old patient complains of compressing headache in the occipital region, dizziness, increased AP. The patient has a history of diabetes melli-tus type II. What diuretic DOES NOT affect the blood glucose level?
Hypothiazide
Indapamide
Urea
Furosemide
Ethacrynic acid
‹ Назад
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A 65-year-old patient complains of nausea, vomiting, lethargy, seeing yellow spots in front of his eyes. The patient daily takes 0,25 mg of digoxin, 100 mg of aspecardum, 50 mg of metoprolol. What pathological condition is this syndrome typical for?
Hypersensitivity reaction
Tachyphylaxis
Glycoside intoxication
Food poisoning
Withdrawal syndrome
‹ Назад
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Pharmaceutical plants produce ointments on various bases. Specify the ointment base having the most pronounced osmotic properties:
Polyethylene oxide
Hydrogenated fat
Silicon
Methyl cellulose
Vaseline, lanolin
‹ Назад
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Ampule workshop of a pharmaceutical factory produces the procaine hydrochloride solution. This solution is stabilized by adding:
0,1 mol/l of sodium hydroxide solution
1,5 g of amino-propylene glycol
0,1 mol/l of sodium hydrogen carbonate solution
20,0 of sodium hydrogen carbonate
0,1 mol/l of hydrochloric acid solution
‹ Назад
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Some alkaline solution was added to the alcohol solution of ftivazide, causing the solution to change colour from the light yellow to the orange-yellow. Subsequent addition of hydrochloric acid made the solution become again light yellow, and then orange-yellow. What properties of ftivazide are proved by this reaction?
Oxidative
Amphoteric
Acid
Reducing
Base
‹ Назад
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When atropine sulfate is tested for purity, the alkaloids and degradation products are detected by TLC. For this purpose the chromatographic plate is sprayed with a solution of:
Acetic-hydrochloric dini- trophenylhydrazine
Ammonia
Tetrabutylammonium hydroxide
Potassium iodobismuthate
Ninhydrin
‹ Назад
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Specific impurity of thiosulfates in Natrii iodidum and Kalii iodidum is identified by adding starch and iodine solutions. The absence of impurities is proved by:
Blue colour
Disappearance of the blue colour
Yellow colour
White precipitate
Discolouration of the solution
‹ Назад
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Bronchodilatory effect of shortacting ^2-adrenoceptor agonist salbutamol develops after:
45-60 minutes
2-3 hours
20-30 minutes
4-6 hours
5-10 minutes
‹ Назад
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A 12 weeks pregnant patient has been hospitalized with symptoms of acute cystitis. What antibiotic can be recommend in this case?
Tetracycline
Metronidazole
Amoxicillin
Gentamicin
Ciprofloxacin
‹ Назад
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Issuing prescriptions and orders for drugs and medical products is regulated by the Order № 360 dated 19.07.2005 (as amended). Specify the prescription form for phenobarbital as a part of a combined dosage form:
Prescription forms F-1 and F-3 in duplicate
F-1
F-3 in duplicate
No prescription
F-2
‹ Назад
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Vacation leaves for employees of pharmacies include paid annual, additional, sabbatical, social leaves, as well as unpaid leaves. What is the total duration of the paid basic and additional vacation leave?
70 calendar days
90 calendar days
59 calendar days
65 calendar days
60 calendar days
‹ Назад
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Representatives of the family Solanaceae are widely used in medical practice as alkaloidcontaining plants. Which representative is the source for production of semi-synthetic steroid hormones?
Datura Stramonium
Solanum laciniatum
Solanum tuberosum
Hyoscyamus niger
Atropa belladonna
‹ Назад
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After harvesting the calamus rhizomes the received material should be dried. What temperature range is required for obtaining good-quality raw material?
60-70 °C
80-90 °C
40-60 °C
35-40°C
70-80 °C
‹ Назад
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A pharmaceutist has to prepare 10% alcohol solution of iodine. What is the required concentration of ethanol for this purpose?
40 %
96 %
70 %
95%
60 %
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Field horsetail grass is recommend as a diuretic. What herbal material can be used as a substitute?
Herba Menthae piperitae
Herba Adonidis
Herba Leonuri
Herba Aervae lanatae
Herba Convallariae
‹ Назад
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A pharmaceutist prepares an infusion at a ratio of 1:30. What plant material would be used?
Lily of the valley grass
Sage leaves
Oak bark
Shoots of Marsh Labrador tea
Marshmallow root
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Under the SPhU (appendix 2), leaves of ginkgo are standardized by the content of:
Saponins
Coumarins
Alkaloids
Flavonoids
Chromones
‹ Назад
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The pharmaceutical market is characterized by the seasonal fluctuations in demand for anticold medicines. What kind of marketing is used in case of such demand?
Developing marketing
Remarketing
Synchromarketing
Conversive
Counteractive
‹ Назад
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Economic analysis of pharmacy activity involves a number of absolute indices. What index is determined by the formula: 'income from sales - prime cost of goods':
Amount of costs
Total balance
Net profit
Gross profit
Level of costs
‹ Назад
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Salicylic acid and its derivatives may be the cause of acute intoxication. When salicylates are analyzed by TLC method, the chromatographic plate is sprayed with:
Dragendorff’s reagent
Marquis reagent
Solution of iron (III) chloride
Solution of mercury (II) sulfate and chloroform solution
Forrest reagent
‹ Назад
Далі ›
The simple sugar syrup consists of:
65 parts of sugar, 33 parts of water, 2 parts of 90% alcohol
73 parts of sugar, 22 parts of water, 5 parts of 90% alcohol
64 parts of sugar and 36 parts of water
45 parts of sugar and 55 parts of water
50 parts of sugar and 50 parts of water
‹ Назад
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Prescriptions for the controlled drugs dispensed under the reimbursement program (except for the narcotic and psychotropic preparations in substance) are issued on the following prescription form:
№3 in duplicate
№1 in duplicate
№1 and № 3
№1, single copy
№3, single copy
‹ Назад
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Quarterly evaluation of business and financial performance of a pharmacy involves calculating its profitability. For this purpose the following data is used: turnover - 100 thousands UAH, gross profit - 25 thousands UAH, expenditures -1 thousand UAH. Calculate the profitability of the pharmacy:
10 %
20 %
15%
25 %
22 %
‹ Назад
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A patient suffering from epilepsy has taken phenobarbital for a long time and developed drug tolerance. What is the mechanism of this phenomenon development?
Inhibition of biotransformation
Acceleration of biotransformation
Accumulation of substances in the body
Receptor’s sensitivity enhancement
Absorption process reduction
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Who is responsible for the acceptance of goods and medical products with accompanying incoming quality control?
Authorized representative
Pharmaceutist
Analyst
Head of pharmacy
Supplier pharmaceutist
‹ Назад
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During steam distillation of voltile poisons the first portion of the distillate is collected in a receiver with 2% solution of sodium hydroxide. It is used to detect:
Cyanides
Phenol
Formaldehyde
Acetates
Ethanol
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Alkaloid glaucine has an antitussive effect that is stronger and longer if compared to that of codeine, and exhibits no narcotic side effects. What drug plant contains glaucine?
Thermopsis lanceolata
Celandine
Henbane bell (Scopolia carniolica)
Datura
Yellow hornpoppy
‹ Назад
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A pharmacy has no quinquelobate motherwort in stock. It can be substituted by the following herbal material:
Rhizomes and roots of valerian
Raspberry fruits
Linden flowers
Beggarticks grass
Hypericum grass
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Drug plant Dioscorea nipponica is the source for production of Polysponi-num drug which is used in the complex treatment of atherosclerosis. Specify the active compounds of dioscorea material:
Triterpene saponins
Cardiac glycosides
Steroidal saponins
Essential oil
Alkaloids
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A drug raw material from the family Polygonaceae had been sent to a laboratory for analysis. On macroscopic examination the material was identified as a herbaceous plant with lanceolate leaves with a red spot, and filmy ocreae covered with appressed hairs. The plant had the apical inflorescence in dense spicate panicles. What plant is it?
Common buckwheat
Common knotweed
Biting knotweed
Snakeweed
Redshank (persicaria)
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A 35-year-old patient with tachycardia has been administered propranolol. Which of the following reactions may be caused by the use of beta-blockers?
Constipations
Drug dependence
Cumulation
Blood pressure rise
Bronchospasm
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Under the SPhU requirements mercury salts are indentified by means of interaction with sodium hydroxide solution. Specify the colour of the precipitate that is produced as a resut of this reaction:
Blue
Red
Yellow
Yellow-green
White
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A 17-year-old patient complains of persistent thirst, dry mouth, frequent urination, increased appetite. Blood glucose is at the rate of 11 mmol/l. The patient has been diagnosed with diabetes melli-tus type I. What drug is indicated for treatment?
Insulin
Glibenclamide
Maninil
Asparcamum
Acarbose
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A pharmacy serves the polyclinics of a city district. Specify the bill of materials that shows the number of drugs dispensed on prescriptions of the doctors who work in the polyclinics:
Medical
Outpatient
Inpatient
Polyclinic
-
‹ Назад
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At the end of the reporting period a pharmacy makes an analysis of its commercial and financial activities. What economic index describing the commercial and financial performance is defined as the ratio of the pharmacy profit to the turnover?
Distribution costs
Profitability
Wholesale turnover
Bill of material
Retail turnover
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Phytochemical workshop of a factory manufactures pancreatin. What is the source material for obtaining pancreatin?
Gastric mucosa of pigs
Egg white
Lungs of cattle
Heart of cattle
Pancreas of pigs or cattle
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Which of the following diuretics SHOULD NOT be administered to patients with impaired hearing?
Chlorthalidone
Indapamide
Spironolactone
Clopamide
Furosemide
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A patient who has been taking acetylsalicylic acid developed hemorrhages of mucous membranes. This phenomenon is associated with:
Changed volume of distribution
Disorder of protein binding
Decreased absorption in the gastrointestinal tract
Inhibition of the prothrombin synthesis
Increased absorption in the gastrointestinal tract
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Simultaneous use of paracetamol and acetylcysteine causes:
Inhibition of paracetamol absorption
Increase of mucolytic action of acetylcysteine
Increase of paracetamol nephrotoxicity
Reduction of paracetamol hepatotoxi-city
Reduction of anti-inflammatory action of paracetamol
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Simultaneous use of gentamicin and acyclovir tablets increases the risk of:
Hepatotoxicity
Likelihood of allergic reactions
Cardiotoxicity
Nephrotoxicity
Neurotoxicity
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Simultaneous use of doxycycline hydrochloride and oral contraceptive causes:
Increase of the antibacterial effect of doxycycline
Reduction of the antibacterial effect of doxycycline
Increase of oral contraceptives effectiveness
-
Reduction of oral contraceptives effectiveness
‹ Назад
Далі ›
In case of simultaneous use of metronidazole and oral anticoagulants derived from coumarin patients must be warned about:
Reduction of metronidazole effect
Reduction of anticoagulants effect
Higher neurotoxicity
Potentiation of anticoagulants effect and the risk of bleeding
Potentiation of metronidazole effect
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Business transactions of pharmacies are reported in the accounts. Specify the account that reports the settlements with debtors and creditors:
Nominal
Trial balance
Business
Negative
Positive
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Apart from goods sales, there are other business transactions that can be characterized as goods disposal. Which of the following business transactions reduces the stock at pharmacies?
Disposal of products for economic needs
Reclassifying other supplies as goods
Bringing the glassware on charge
Bringing the oversupply on charge
Revaluation for the packing and laboratory work
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A pharmaceutical analyst analyzes the substance of ascorbic acid in compliance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine. To identify the oxalic acid impurities he uses the solution of:
Calcium chloride
Sodium thiosulfate
Sodium sulfate
Sodium chloride
Sodium hydrocarbonate
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Phenobarbital drug has a sedative, hypnotic and anti-epileptic effect. What is its international nonproprietary name?
Diazepam
Salol
Luminal
Nitrofurazone
Chloramphenicol
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A 70-year-old patient with stenocardia claims that the pharmacy sold him a drug that relieved an attack of stenocardia but instead caused an acute bursting headache. What antihypertensive drug is this side effect typical for?
Amlodipine
Nifedipine
Nitrosorbid
Metoprolol
Trimetazidine
‹ Назад
Далі ›
During the working day a pharmaceutist prepared five dosage forms. Which of them requires a complete chemical control?
Ear drops with levomycitin
5 % aethonium solution
Mixtura Pavlovi
Eye drops 10 ml of 2% ethylmorphine hydrochloride solution
Antipruritic ointment
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Commercial and financial activity of a pharmacy involves using returnable tare. Which of the following containers are returned to the supplier?
Glassware
Glass-stoppered bottles
Metal cylinders
Paper boxes
Packaging materials
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A pharmacy plans to expand the production of medicines. For this purpose it purchased the production equipment at a cost of 7000 uAh. The cost of the equipment will be recorded to the balance of the pharmacy as:
Residual
Initial cost
Amortization cost
Revalued amount
Fair value
‹ Назад
Далі ›
An accountant of a pharmacy issued a cash receipt voucher for the sales proceeds. What document is used to register cash receipt and cash payment vouchers before the cash arrives to the cashiers?
Ledger of cash dispensed and received by the senior teller
Cash report
Cash book
Pay list
Register of receipt and payment cash documents
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Biochemical blood test revealed low level of serum iron. What disease are these changes typical for?
Pneumonia
Bronchial asthma
Iron-deficiency anemia
Acute bronchitis
Bronchiectasis
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A patient who has been treated for hypertension complains of cough. Objective examination reveals no changes in the lungs. Which of the following drugs might have caused cough?
Captopril
Amlodipine
Nebivolol
Clonidine
Hypothiazide
‹ Назад
Далі ›
What non-narcotic antitussive drug of central action can be used for dry cough?
Codeine
Glaucine
Acetylcysteine
Ambroxol
Mucaltin
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Galenic preparations are produced by using various extractants. What extractants require pressure as a prior condition for the extraction process?
Liquefied gases
Ethanol
Vegetable oils
Dichloroethane, chloroform
Methyl alcohol, acetone
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Menthol has anesthetic and antiseptic effect. What plant is the source of menthol?
Folia Menthae piperitae
Folia Uvae ursi
Folia Absinthii
Folia Salviae
Folia Eucalypti
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Hydrocyanic acid and its salts are extremely toxic substances. In humans, they are partly neutralized by enzymatic conversion into:
Ethanol
Thiocyanate
Nitrogen (II) oxide
Acetic acid
Carbon (IV) oxide
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Methyl alcohol which is widely used in industry causes severe health disorders when enters the human body even in small amounts. This effect is induced by the action of the following major metabolites of methanol:
Ethyl alcohol and ethyl acetate
Acetic acid and acetaldehyde
Ethanol and acetaldehyde
Methyl acetate and ethyl acetate
Formaldehyde and formate acid
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Enrolled in private pharmacies to implement a drug whose active ingredient is the chemical name of 2-chloro-10-(3’-dimethylaminopropyl)-phenothiazine hydrochloride. Specify this drug:
Chlorpromazine hydrochloride
Clonidine hydrochloride
Diphenhydramine hydrochloride
Trifluoperazine hydrochloride
Promethazine hydrochloride
‹ Назад
Далі ›
The thyme grass is used for the production of herbal medical products for the treatment of respiratory tract infections. Under the SPhU, the herbal raw material is subject to chromatographic identification by means of thin layer chromatography. What substances are detected on the chromatographic plate after its treatment with due reagent?
Arbutin and methyl arbutin
Atropine and hyoscyamine
Thymol and carvacrol
Apigenin and luteolin
Quercetin and rutin
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Flower buds of clove contain the essential oil used for production of herbal antiseptics. Under the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine, the raw materials are identified by the method of thin layer chromatography. What zones can be identified on the chromatographic plate after their treatment with reagent?
Scopoletin and umbeliferon
Quercetin and rutin
Hyoscyamine and scopolamine
Apigenin and luteolin
Eugenol and caryophyllene
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Specify the base for the preparation of antibiotic ointments:
5 parts of vaseline + 1 part of lanolin
7 parts of vaseline + 3 part of lanolin
8 parts of vaseline + 2 part of lanolin
5 parts of vaseline + 5 part of lanolin
6 parts of vaseline + 4 part of lanolin
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Business transactions of a pharmacy are recorded in the control accounts as listed in the chart of accounts. The balance on the ledger and sub-ledger accounts is used to fill out the following document:
Liabilities
Fourth section of the liabilities side
Profit and loss account
Assets
First section of the liabilities side
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A 40-year-old patient has a history of bronchial asthma and heart rhythm disorders in form of bradyarrhythmias. Bronchospasm can be eliminated by the drugs of the following pharmacological group:
в-blockers
M-cholinergic antagonists
M-cholinomimetics
Muscle relaxants
Cholinesterase inhibitors
‹ Назад
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