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During local anaesthetizati-on novocaine solution is usually compounded with solution of adrenaline hydrochloride. What is the purpose of this action?
Decrease in smooth muscle tone
Vasoconstriction
Vasodilatation
Algesthesia reduction
Increase in smooth muscle tone
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Which of the below-listed drugs is used for thrombolytic therapy in case of myocardial infarction?
Heparine
Ticlopidine
rhenylinum
Acetylsalicylic acid
Streptokinase
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On the 4th day of treatment with indometacin a 55-year-old patient developed gastrorrhagia as a result of gastric mucosa ulcer. Ulcerogenic effect of this drug is explained by the lowered activity of the following enzyme:
Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1)
-
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)
Lipoxygenase (LOG)
Prostacyclin synthetase
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A 45-year-old patient has been taking neodicumarinum for thrombophlebitis for two weeks. The regular blood test revealed a decrease in prothrombin concentration, microhematuria. Which drug should be used as neodicumarinum antagonist?
Heparin
Vicasol
Protamine sulfate
Aminocaproic acid
Sodium citrate
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A patient complaining of dry mouth, photophobia and blurred vision has been delivered to the admission ward. Objectively: the skin is hyperemic, dry, mydriatic pupils and tachycardia are present. He has been diagnosed with belladonna alkaloids intoxication. Which of the drugs should be given as an antidote?
Neostigmine
Pylocarpine
Armin
Dipiroxim
Aceclidine
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A 52-year-old patient was diagnosed with systemic amebiasis accompanied by bowels, liver and lungs affection. What preparation should be administered?
Chingamin
Chiniofon
Phthalazol
Tetracycline
Metronidazole
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A gravida in her 20th week of gestation got ill with pneumonia. What chemotherapeutical drug may be administered with no risk for the fetus development?
Laevomycetinum
Ofloxacinum
Веnzylpenicillinum
Sulfalenum
Gentamycin
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During a surgical operation the muscle relaxant tubocurarine chloride was used. What antagonist drug should be injected in order to allow the patient to brief independently?
Веnzohexonium
Neostigmine
Dithylinum
Cytitonum
Aethimizolum
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A pharmacy depot received a batch of common plantain leaves. According to the requirements of the Pharmacopoeia, this herbal raw matrial is of adequate quality if it contains the following active substances:
Essential oils
Polysaccharides
Tannins
Anthracene derivatives
Flavonoids
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A pharmacy analyst analizes distilled water. For this purpose he brings some amount of the sample material to the boiling point, adds 0,02 M solution of potassium permanganate and diluted sulfuric acid. After 5 minutes of boiling the pink colour of the produced solution should not change. The pharmacy analyst tries to detect the following admixture:
Heavy metals
Nitrates
Sulfates
Carbon dioxide
Chemical reducing agent
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A pharmacy supplies the population with drugs for cash. Specify the VAT on drugs:
0%
10 %
20 %
15 %
30 %
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Aerosol production involves application of different groups of propellents. What propellents relate to the group of compressed gases?
Nitrogen, nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide
Freons
Methylene chloride, ethylene chloride
Propane, butane, isobutane
Vinyl chloride, methyl chloride
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An analytical laboratory carries out quantitative analysis of sodium citrate by method of ionexchanging chromatography on a cationite. What titrated solution is to be used for the following titration of generated citric acid?
Potassium iodate
Trilon B
Iodine
Sodium hydroxide
Hydrochloric acid
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Which preparation is the specific antidote in case of intoxication with iron preparations?
Deferoxamium
Atropinum
Penicillamine
Bemegridum
Protamine sulphate
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A pharmaceutist revealed incompatibility in the formulation. Rp.: Sol. Collargoli 1% - 10 ml Sol. Adrenalini hydrochloridi 0,1% - 1i M.D.S. Nasal drops. What chemical process underlies this incompatibility?
Oxidization
Neutralization
Precipitation
Adsorption
Hydrolysis
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A pharmaceutist made a tincture of Adonis herb. A peculiarity of its preparation is that the active substances are derived in:
In the neutral medium
In the alkaline medium
In the acid medium
In the alkalescent medium
In the subacid medium
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Coltsfoot preparations are used for upper airways treatment. During procurement of this herbal raw material the following admixture may appear:
Pot marjoram (Origanum vulgare)
Great bur (Arctium lappa)
Marsh mallow (Althaea officinalis)
Spring adonis (Adonis vernalis)
Common plantain (Plantago major)
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A pharmacist-technologist received an ointment formulation. Rp.: Unguentum Resorcini 1,5% -10,0 Da. Signa. To be applied on the affected skin The pharmaceutist incorporated dry medical substance into the ointment by the following way:
Triturated with a few vaseline oil drops
Added to molten vaseline
Triturated with a few ethanol drops
Triturated with a few water drops
Triturated with a part of vaseline
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For granule drying different types of dryers are used. The dryer SP-30 relates to the following type:
With silica gel column
Infrared
With fluidized bed
With a forced air circulation
Sublimation
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Specify the herbal raw material with high concentration of carotinoids which is d used for production of phytopreparations:
Caseweed grass
Parsley roots
Sea-buckthorn fruits
Wild strawberry leaves
Currant leaflets
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For the purpose of sales stimulation a pharmaceutical wholesale company grants its customers a discount according to the social contract and on condition of their loyalty. Specify the type of discount:
Bonus
Seasonal
Discounts for quantity of purchased goods
-
Dealer
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One of the quality indicators for finished ampoules is lack of residual stress in the glass. Which operation at the stage 'Preparation of ampoules to be filled 'eliminates this imperfection?
Capillary opening
Ampoule washing
Ampoule sterilization
Ampoule annealing
Ampoule drying
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Companies producing injectable dosage forms apply different methods of ampoule sealing. Sealing against a jet of inert gases (nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide) is suitable for the following injection solutions:
Thermostable
Hydrolytically unstable
Photosensitive
Easily oxidable
Viscous
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Quality control of tablets produced at a pharmaceutical enterprise involves quantitative determination of such subsidiary substances as talc and aerosil. What method is applied for such determination?
Chromatographic
Gravimetric
Spectrophotometric
Photocolorimetric
Titrimetric
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Pharmaceutical plants produce enteric-coated tablets. According to the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine, the coating mustn’t disintegrate in the acidic medium within the following period:
5 hours
4 hours
1 hour
2 hours
3 hours
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A patient with depression has been administered a drug from the group of tri- cyclic antidepressants. Specify this drug:
Aminalonum
Caffeine
Amitriptyline
Droperidol
Phenazepam
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In the medical practice this compound is used as a disinfectant. In case of intoxication with this compound the patient’s urine turns olive or olive-black. Specify the compound:
Ethyl ether
Isoamyl alcohol
Phenol
Ethyl lbenzoata
Iodoform
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A patient with hypertension has been administered one of antihypertensive drugs. Blood pressure dropped back to normal, but the patient has developed a persistent dry cough. Which of the following drugs has such a side effect?
Clonidine
Furosemide
Nifedipine
Enalapril maleate
Propranolol
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A patient suffering from ulcer disease was prescribed famotidine. What is the mechanism of its action?
Block of muscarinic cholinoreceptors
Block of H і-histamine receptors
Block of H2-histamine receptors
Inhibition of adenosine triphosphatase activity
Block of cholinoreceptors of sympathetic ganglions
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According to the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine, a pharmacy analyst determines iron admixture in a preparation by means of citric and thioglycolic acids. What staining indicates presence of this admixture?
Pink
Green
Blue
Black
Yellow
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Name the reason for the reduction of anticoagulant effect of syncumar when it is applied in combination with phenobarbital:
These drugs are antagonists
Phenobarbital activates microsomal liver enzymes
Mutual inactivation
Phenobarbital inhibits microsomal liver enzymes
Development of syncumar allergy
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Calamus rhizome is likely to be confused with some other plant rhizome that can be found as an admixture in the herbal raw material. Specify the most likely admixture:
Valerian rhizome
Phlojodicarpus roots
Althaea roots
Iris rhizome
Elecampane roots
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Tannins can be used as an antidote for alkaloid poisoning. What herbal remedy should be applied in case of such intoxication:
Althaea root
Calamus rhizome
Rhizome and roots of madder
Elecampane root
Cinquefoil root
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Tannins have astringent effect and are used for treatment of colitis, enterocolitis, diarrhea. What herbal raw material contains a lot of tannins?
Fructus Rhamni catharticae
Fructus Frangulae
Fructus Sambucci nigri
Fructus Myrtilli
Fructus Ribes nigri
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Cardioglycosides of Adonis vernalis are used for heart failure treatment. This plant raw material should be stored:
Protected from CO2
According to the list B
In metal containers
According to the list A
Under normal conditions
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A pharmacy manager is writing the monthly 'Inventory report'. What business transactions should be represented in the expenditure item of the report?
Payroll payment
Drug sales
Plant raw material purchases
Amortization charged to operation
Extra-evaluation of laboratorypackaging works
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During inventory of a pharmacy the surplus of inventory holdings was revealed. What actions concerning the surplus should be taken by the inventory comission?
Take on charge
Immediate realization
Abolishment
Writing-off
Confiscation by superior organization
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A pharmacist made eye drops of pilocarpine hydrochloride and adrenaline hydrochloride solution. A peculiarity of the incorporation of the adrenaline hydrochloride solution is that it is added:
After dissolving of solids
After isotoning
In the first place
To the half dose of solvent
After sterilization, aseptic
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A patient has chronic pancreatitis with apparent manifestations of pancreatic exocrine hypofunction. Which of the following drugs would be the most appropriate in this case?
Acidin pepsinum
Раncreatinum
Оmерrаzоlе
Drotaverine
De-Nol
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Underground organs of medicinal plants that accumulate the most of active substances should be collected:
After the seeds have ripened and the overground parts died off
At the budding stage
At the flowering stage
At the stem extension stage
During the green fruiting
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In Ukraine the out-patients are supplied with narcotic and psychotropic drugs only by prescription. Medicoprophylactic institutions receive prescription blanks (Form 3) from the following source:
Pharmaceutical corporation
Typography
Pharmacy storehouse
Wholesale companies
City’s health department
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A patient has been administered powders containing menthol. What is the best way to achieve the required extent of menthol comminution?
To triturate it with purified water
To triturate it with other components of the formulation
To triturate it thoroughly with sugar
To triturate it with glycerine or chloroform
To triturate it with alcohol or ether
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Stability of suspensions can be enhanced by substances which increase the viscosity of the dispersion medium. Specify the substance that exhibits such properties:
Glycerol
Ether
Purified water
Dimexid
Ethanol
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A doctor prescribed an olive oil emulsion whose composition includes anesthesin. In order that anesthesin can be incorpotated into the emulsion it should be dissolved:
In the mature emulsion
In the primary emulsion
In the alcohol and add to the primary emulsion
In the oil before emulsifying
In the treated water
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О-methylation is an important method of organic substances biotransformation in the body, compounds that are subject to such method contain:
Nitro groups
Phenolic groups
Amides
Tthiol groups
Carboxyl groups
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Which antiseptic preparation has bactericidal effect due to the formation of atomic oxygen?
Furacilinum
Silver nitrate
Chloraminum
Aethonium
Potassium permanganate
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Styles of maize with stigmata containing fatty acids, vitamins, essential oils, saponins and other substances are used as:
Diuretic and choleretic
Expectorant and antibechic
Cardiotonic and antiarrhythmic
Bactericidal and astringent
Sedative and anticonvulsant
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One of the tablet coatings is enterosoluble capsule. They get solved in:
Oral cavity
Rectum
Stomach
-
Bowels
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It is required to analyse some herbal raw material in form of shiny black drupes up to 6-8 mm in diameter; the bone is large, very firm, spherical, light brown, with a single seed; it has a sweet, slightly astringent taste. This herbal raw material should be qualified as a fruit of:
Hawthorn
Buckthorn
Black chokeberry
Bird cherry
Blueberry
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Which of the following non-steroid anti-inflammatory agents has the least harmful effect on the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract?
Piroxicam
Indomethacin
Nimesulide
Acetylsalicylic acid
Diclofenac
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A pharmaceutist prepared eyedrops with boric acid. What sterilization method was applied?
Sterilization by gases
Tyndallization
Sterilization by saturation vapor pressure
Sterilization by dry heat
By high-frequency current
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A pharmaceutist refused preparation of nasal drops to a patient because of incompatibility between collargol and di-medrol written in the prescription. What is the reason for incompatibility between these ingredients?
Immiscibility
Eutectic formation
Dissection
Adsorption
Coagulation
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A pharmaceutist was preparing an ointment with ricin oil and Vaseline but failed to get homogenous system. What is the most likely cause of incompatibility between these components?
Coagulation
Restricted solubility
Release of water of crystallization
Adsorption
Component immiscibility
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A doctor wrote a prescription for the tincture of digitalis with hydrochloric acid. What is the reason for their incompatibility?
Precipitation
Hydrolysis (with no visible change)
Change in colour
Gassing
Change in odour
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At the initial stage of establishing a pharmaceutical enterprise the internal disciplinary regulations should be adopted. One of the primary matters is the duration of the lunch break for the employees. According to the Labour Code of Ukraine, the break duration must be as follows:
Not less than 3 hours
2,5 hours
Up to 2 hours
-
Up to 1 hour
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A 26-year-old patient was diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia provoked by mycoplasma. Choose the appropriate antimicrobial preparation for the patient treatment:
Amoksiklav
Веnzylpenicillinum
Gentamycinum
Amoxicillin
Rovamycine
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A 60-year-old patient has essential hypertension stage II, coronary disease, bronchial asthma. After pharmacotherapy correction the patient exhibited a bronchospastic attack, intensified dyspnea. What drug provoked this complication?
Salbutamolum
Мucaltinum
Propranolol
Еuphyllinum
Nifedipi^
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After an emotional stress a 60-year-old patient presented with chest pain irradiating to the left arm. Specify a drug that relieves pain in this case:
Nifedipine
Metoprolol
Propranolol
Nitroglycerine
Diltiazem
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A 70-year-old patient consulted a doctor about elevated arterial pressure. He has a history of benign hyperplasia of prostate. What drug should be administered in this case?
Losartan
Diltiazem
Doxazosin
Ем^гИ
Propranolol
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A pharmaceutist revealed incompatibility in a prescription for powders with ascorbic acid and hexamethylenetetramine. What process takes place when these components are combined?
Eutectic formation
Mixture dampening
Immiscibility
Crystallization water exudation
Substances adsorption
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A pharmaceutist made a medicinal preparation according to the following formulation: Rp.: Chloroformii Olei Helianthi Methylii salicylatis ana 10,0 M.D.S. For infriction. Specify the kind of disperse system:
Liniment - extractional
Liniment - solution
Liniment - emulsion
Liniment - combined
Liniment suspension
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In order to get registered in state authorities pharmacies as legal persons must possess authorized capital stock. What amount is identified as the authorized capital stock?
The amount of fund formation sources
The amount of debts of an enterprise
Total assets
The amount of noncurrent assets
The amount recorded in constituent documents
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According to the current legislation, pharmaceutists get the sickness benefit in case of temporary disability. Specify the source of payment for the first 5 days of being on the sick leave:
Environment stimulation fund
Pharmacy expenditures
Pension fund
Reserve fund
Pharmacy revenues
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Which of the listed antibacterial drugs should NOT be administered to a patient with diabetes mellitus type II being treated with glibenclamid?
Benzylpenicillinum
Doxycycline
Co-trimoxazolum
Midecamycin
Gentamycinum
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What drug may cause constipation in a patient undergoing combined therapy for arterial hypertension?
Panangin
Acetylsalicilic acid in small dosages
Verapamil
Furosemide
Trimetazidine
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A pharmacy plans to purchase and retail goods of different stock record units. Which group of goods does VAT reduction apply to?
Curative cosmetics
Baby food
Medicaments
Optics
Perfumes
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Preliminary tests involve using various kinds of indicator paper. Blackening of the indicator paper treated with plumbum acetate indicates that the biological object contains:
Sodium hydroxide
Ammonium hydroxide
Sulphuric acid
Hydrogen chloride
Hydrogen sulphide
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An analytical chemist makes a test for the presence of sodium thiosulphate. Select a reagent which allows to detect the thiosulphate ion:
Potassium iodide
Hydrochloric acid
Magnesium sulfate
Sodium bromide
Sodium hydroxide
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An analytical chemist determines the admixture of sulphates in the boric acid. What is the main reagent that he has to add:
Silver nitrate
Barium chloride
Potassium ferrocyanide
Ammonium oxalate
Sodium sulphide
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In order to arrest stenocardia attacks a patient takes nitroglycerin capsules. What is the rational way of the drug introduction?
Inhalation
Hypodermic
Sublingual
Peroral
Rectal
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Recommend a patient with acute bronchitis a mucolytic drug that ease difficulty in expectoration:
Diclofenac sodium
Drotaverine hydrochloride
Loratadine
Acetylcysteine
Glaucine
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A patient with atherosclerosis has been administered an anti-atherosclerotic agent. Specify this drug:
Phenofibrate
Pyracetam
Phenylbutazone
Dexamethasone
Ascorbic acid
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A pharmacy received a batch of medicines from a pharmacy depot. Specify the drug subject to the controlled substance inventory in pharmacies:
Novocaine
Dicaine
Analgin
Acetylsalicylic acid
Paracetamol
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A pharmaceutical company conducted an age-specific segment analysis of the regional antihistamine market. It revealed the lack of antihistamines for children. The company will consider this segment as:
An unattractive segment
A market door
A market niche
A market share
A segment requiring further research
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An obtained mineralisate contains sulphates of lead, barium and strontium in form of white precipitation. What procedure will allow to separate the lead sulphate?
Dissolution in ammonium acetate
Conversion into carbonate
Dissolution in concentrated sulphuric acid
Conversion into arsine
Conversion into diethyldithiocarbamate
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A pharmacy received the following prescription: 0,0002 g of scopolamine hydrobromide per 1 powder. How much of 1:100 trituration is required for the preparation of 10 powders?
2, 0
0,2
0, 04
4, 0
0, 4
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A pharmacy received a prescription for 3% alcohol solution of boric acid. What concentration of ethyl alcohol is required for preparing the drug form?
96%
70%
60%
90%
40%
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A licensed state-owned pharmacy obtains and retails narcotic drugs. Which state authority develops and revises the list of the drugs allowed in Ukraine?
Public Joint Stock Company 'Medicaments of Ukraine'
State Inspectorate for Quality Control of Drugs
State servise on Narcotic Drugs Control of Ukraine
-
State Pharmacological Centre
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A pharmacy is engaged in retail sales of drugs. What group of drugs does atropine sulphate relate to?
Psychotropic
Toxic
Over-the-counter
Drastic
Narcotic
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An employee of a pharmaceutical company has been commissioned with marketing research on the regional market of antiarrhythmic drugs. What stage of research would he prefer in the first place?
Preparation of report
Collection and analysis of secondary information
Collection of primary information
Submission of report
Analysis of primary information
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A pharmaceutical company 'Pfizer'is focused on offering the best quality goods at a high price which should cover the costs of research and development as well as production of high quality products. Despite the high price, the product is still in demand. What are the goals of the company’s price policy?
Winning the market leadership in respect of product quality
Increasing the company’s assortment
Increasing the market share
Maintaining status quo
Ensuring the company’s survival
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A pharmaceutical company 'Pharmasvet'has patented and produces now a new hypoglycemic preparation. The company markets this product directly through the own sales departments, affiliated sales companies, pharmacy network. Marketing policy of this pharmaceutical company can be characterized by the channel of the following level:
Zero level
Four-level
Three-level
Two-level
One-level
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A patient with cholelithiasis was prescribed the following drug for the purpose of cholesterol gallstone dissolution:
Acetylsalicylic acid
Mefenamic acid
Gamma-amino-butyric acid
Citric acid
Ursodeoxycholic acid
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Which of the listed methods of filling ampoules with injectable solutions can protect the capillaries from contamination with thick and viscous solutions?
Solution squeezing method
Turbo-vacuum method
Steam condensing method
Syringe method
Vacuum method
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Production of injection solutions involves an operation of solution filtration. What filters are used for sterile filtration?
Filter candles
Filter developed by the Kharkiv Chemo-pharmaceutic Research Institute
Pressure filters
Nutsch filters
Mushroom filter
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A 68-year-old female patient has been continuously taking furosemide for heart failure treatment. What drug should be used to prevent hypokalemia in patients taking furosemide?
Panangin
Sustac forte
Trimetazidine
Mildronatum
Atp-long
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Eye drops are prepared with an ointment base which is an alloy of vaseline and lanolin. Specify the method of its sterilization:
Tyndallization
Ethylene oxide
Dry heat
Pasteurization
Flowing steam
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Quantitative determination of silver nitrate is done by method of thi-ocyanatometry. What indicator is used in this case?
Potassium chromate
Methylene blue
Sodium eosinate
Phenolphtalein
Iron (III) ammonium sulphate
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An analytical chemist was identifying xeroform in reaction with sodium sulphide. As a result of reaction a black solid dropped out. What ion was detected?
Copper
Lead
Bismuth
Zinc
Silver
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During the chemico-toxicological study of the dialysate of an aqueous extract, the ammonia test IS NOT carried out if the dialysate includes the following substance:
Sulphuric acid
Nitric acid
Hydrogen sulphide
Sulphurous acid
Nitrous acid
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A forensic chemical laboratory received an object for analysis. The analysis involves quantitative determination of mercury by means of a reaction with di-thizone. What physicalchemical method is used within this analysis?
Thin layer chromatography
Extraction photocolorimetry
IR spectrophotometry
UV spectrophotometry
Gas-liquid chromatography
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A woman in the III trimester of pregnancy has an acute respiratory viral disease accompanied with body temperature rise up to 39oC. Which of the drugs should be recommended?
Indomethacin
Diclofenac sodium
Paracetamol
Celecoxib
Acetylsalicylic acid
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Suspensions as heterogenous systems can be characterized by kinetic and sedimentary instability. What substance is used for increasing suspension stability with hydrophobic substances?
Glucose
Gelatose
Boric acid
Sodium sulphate
Sodium chloride
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A patient presents with morphine intoxication. Which drug should be injected as an antidote?
Atropine sulphate
Lobeline hydrochloride
Naloxone
Unithiol
Bemegride
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Most alkaloids are isolated from the biological material by polar solvents. Which of the listed alkaloids is isolated by the way of distillation with water vapour?
Quinine
Cocaine
Strychnine
Coniine
Atropine
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Comparative analysis of the performance of two pharmacies showed that the trade stock in terms of days was 20 and 30 days respectively. Which of these indicators is NOT USED for calculating the trade stock?
The rate of trade mark-up
Wage fund
Turnover
Sales volume
The left-over goods in terms of settlement prices
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A pharmacy received drugs that are included in the National List of Essential Medicines. When supplying these drugs to the public hospitals, pharmacies are entitled to mark-up the drug charges at the rate of:
20 %
50 %
40 %
10%
30 %
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Sales of medical cosmetics retailed in pharmacies are taxable at the VAT rate of 20%. Who is charged with it?
Wholesale intermediator company firm
Customs service
Pharmacy
End consumer
Product manufacturer
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A patient who has been suffering from gastric diseases for a long time is found to have hyperchromic anemia. Which of the following drugs is applied for this pathology treatment?
Охуferriscorbone
Unitiol
Сyanocobalamine
Ferrum Lek
Ascorbic acid
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Essential oil of rose is used as an antiinflammatory and antispasmodic agent. It is localized in the following excretory organs:
Secretory cells
Essential oil conceptacles
Glandular spots
Essential oil glandules
Glandular hairs
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A chemist of an analytic laboratory has to prepare turbidity standards according to the requirements of Pharmacopoeia. What substances are to be used as the reference?
Potassium chloride and barium sulphate
Calcium sulphate and glycerin
Furacilinum and calcium chloride
Hexamethylenetetramine and hydrazine sulphate
Sodium chloride and calcium nitrate
‹ Назад
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A pharmaceutist plans voluntary termination of the open-ended employment contract for the reason of her husband’s transfer to another area. Specify the form and term of notice that should be given to the pharmacy director:
Two-day notice in written form
One-month notice in written form
Five-day notice in written form
One-week notice in written form
Two-week notice in written form
‹ Назад
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A pharmacy makes wholesale purchases of health and hygiene products. An agent works under the contract with the manufacturer and makes deals at the manufacturer’s cost. The agent may be entitled to exclusive distribution in some regions. What kind of agent is it?
Dealer
Broker
Consignee
Wholesale agent
Commission agent
‹ Назад
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How much water should be taken in order to prepare 200 ml of aqueous extract of motherwort ( water absorption coefficient = 2 ml/g)?
210 ml
200 ml
240 ml
160 ml
220 ml
‹ Назад
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During the identification of a drug an analytical chemist of the State Inspectorate for Quality Control performs a lignin test. Specify this drug:
Methionine
Streptotcid
Cortisone acetate
Ascorbic acid
Analgin
‹ Назад
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A pharmacist-analyst carries out quantitative analysis of procaine hydrochloride. Which of the following solutions is to be used?
Sodium thiosulfate
Sodium nitrite
Argentum nitricum
Potassium bromate
Sodium edetate
‹ Назад
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The main active components of hawthorn berries are flavonoids. What is their pharmacological effect?
Antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory
Hypotensive and sedative
Laxative and sedative
Diuretic and styptic
Tonic and antispasmodic
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Name a 'metal poison'which is isolated from the biological material by the method of destruction:
Cadmium
Mercury
Silver
Arsenic
Stibium
‹ Назад
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Toxic substances can be isolated from the objects of biological origin by different methods. In case of intoxication with pesticides - derivatives of phosphoric acids - the following method is applied:
Infusion with water acidified with chloric acid
Infusion with alkalized water
Distillation with water steam from the alkaline medium
Infusion with organic solvents
Dialysis from alkalized solutions
‹ Назад
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A pharmacy analyst carries out purity test of the drug substance 'Sodium thi- osulfate'. Violet colour, that comes from reaction with sodium nitroprusside, indicates the presence of the following admixture:
Specific sulfides admixture
Sulphates admixture
Sodium chloride admixture
Sulfur admixture
Iodides admixture
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An analytic laboratory received 'Aether anaestheticus'for analysis. Which reagent should be used for detection of acetone and aldehyde admixtures according to the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine?
Sodium hydrosulphite
Hydroxylamine solution
Alkaline solution of potassium tetrai-odomercurate
Aqueous solution of potassium iodide
Ammonium solution of argentum nitrate
‹ Назад
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Activity of an organization depends on various factors. What factors refer to the internal environment of the organization?
Abilities, skills and talent of staff
Infrastructure
Public authorities
Consumers
Economy status
‹ Назад
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Financial accountability of pharmacies consists of separate account forms. Which form presents accounts payable for the goods purchased?
Balance sheet, form 1
Net worth statement, form 3
Financial performance report, form 2
Balance assets, form 1
Financial performance report, form 2m
‹ Назад
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In Ukraine natural persons as small business entities are allowed to use the simplified tax system. What limit on the number of employees is established for such enterprises?
No more than 20 persons
No more than 10 persons
No more than 30 persons
No more than 50 persons
No more than 40 persons
‹ Назад
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For the natural persons being small business subjects the simplified tax system is effective. But there is a limit of annual proceeds upon sale. What is the boundary amount of proceeds?
Up to 100 thousand UAH
Up to 5 million UAH
Up to 500 thousand UAH
Up to 750 thousand UAH
Up to 1 million UAH
‹ Назад
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Simplified tax system implies replacement of several taxes by a single one. What limit on the number of employees is established for the legal persons to implement the simplified tax system?
50 persons
10 persons
75 persons
25 persons
100 persons
‹ Назад
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Fatty oil containing saturated fatty acids is used for atherosclerosis prevention. Specify the medicinal plant that is used for oil production:
Hawthorn fruits
Black chokeberry fruits
Fennelflower seeds
Dill seeds
Flax seeds
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A tablet shop produces trituration tablets. What quality indicators ARE NOT relevant for these tablets?
Homogeneity of dosage
Homogeneity of content
Microbiological purity
Abrasion, resistance to crushing
Disintegration and dissolution
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A phytochemical production unit produces biogenic stimulators out of different raw materials. Specify the biogenic stimulators of organo-mineral origin:
Peloidinum, Humisolum, Torfotum, Fibs pro injectionibus
Extractum Aloes fluidum, Linimentum Aloes, Succus Aloes, Biosedum
Vitreous body, Placenta injection, Рlasmolum, Solcoseryl
Extractum Aloes fluidum, Linimentum Aloes, Рlasmolum
Peloidinum, Humisolum, Torfotum, Рlasmolum, Solcoseryl
‹ Назад
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A pharmaceutical enterprise produces water solutions. The solution of the following substance is produced by method of chemical interaction and electrochemically:
Plumbum hydroxide acetate
Polyvinyl alcohol
Calcium gluconate
Aluminum hydroxide acetate
Potassium arsenite
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In course of preparation of suppositories by the pumping method the suppository mass became viscous and fluid after the incorporation of chloral hydrate into the cocoa butter. What substance should be added to the suppository mass in order to restore its density and plasticity?
Glycerine
Purified water
Starch
Dimexid
Wax
‹ Назад
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Powders make up an important group among the extemporal medicinal preparations. Which of the following components can be incorporated into a powder without being preliminarily ground?
Calcium gluconate
Camphor
Basic Bismuth nitrate
Ascorbic acid
Xeroform
‹ Назад
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Qualitative reaction for phenol is the reaction with bromine water. What compound is produced as a result of the interaction of phenol with bromine water and drops out as a white solid?
2,4-dibromophenol
3- bromophenol
2- bromophenol
2,4,6-tribromophenol
4- bromophenol
‹ Назад
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Upper airways diseases can be treated by means of herbal raw materials containing mucilages. The plant source of this compound class is:
Radix Belladonnae
Radix Ipecacuanhae
Radix Althaeae
Radix Rhodiolae
Radix Inulae
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The basic structure of steroid hormones is hydrocarbon skeleton -cyclopentane perhydrophenanthrene. What natural compound is used for testosterone propionate production?
Naphthalene
Anthracene
Cholesterol
Indole
Phenanthrene
‹ Назад
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According to the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine, a pharmacy analyst should determine procaine hydrochloride by nitritometric method. What indicator is to be used for this purpose?
Xylenol orange
Neutral red
Acid chrome blue
Methyl red
Crystal violet
‹ Назад
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According to the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine, a pharmacy analyst should determine fluorouracil by method of nonaqueous titration. What titrated solution is to be used?
Sodium nitrite
Sodium edetate
Tetrabutyl ammonium hydroxide
Ammonium thiocyanate
Potassium bromate
‹ Назад
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An analytical chemist analyses the substance of ethylmorphine hydrochloride. The substance purity is tested by method of semi-microanalysis. What reagent is used to determine the water admixture?
Molibdeno-vanadium
Iodosulphurous
Methoxyphenyl acetic acid
Biuretic
Hypophosphite
‹ Назад
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An analytical laboratory carries out an analysis of ferrum sulphate heptohydrate according to the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine. The test portion of the substance should be titrated with the following solution:
Ammonium cerium sulfate
Ammonium thiocyanate
Sodium edetate
Potassium bromate
Argentum nitrate
‹ Назад
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A patient consults a pharmaceutist about taking acetylsalicylic acid as an antiaggregant. What is the daily dose that should be recommended for continuous use?
0,1-0,3 g
Over 4,0 g
2,0-3, 0
0,5-1,0 g
1,0-2,0 g
‹ Назад
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The main active components of senna leaves and fruits are sennosides A, B, C,
Flavonoids
They relate to the following class of biologically active substances:
Iridoids
Anthracene derivatives
Phenolic acids
‹ Назад
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A laboratory received some herbal raw material for analysis. It is a composition of ovoidpointed leaves up to 25 cm long and 20 cm wide; the leaf base is cuneate, the leaf edge is emarginate. The cutting is long and cylindric. The leaf venation is pinnatisect; the midrib and the first-order veins project significantly on the inferior surface of the leaf. The superior leaf surface is dark green, the inferior surface is light green. The plant has a weak narcotic smell. The taste cannot be determined. The plant is poisonous! The described herbal raw material relates to the following plant:
-
Datura stramonium
Passiflora incarnata
Vinca minor
Chelidonium majus
‹ Назад
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It is necessary to prescribe nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drug for patient with rheumatoid arthritis and concomitant duodenal ulcer. Which drug is the drug of choice in this case?
Diclofenac sodium
Celecoxib
Paracetamol
Analgin
Acetylsalicylic acid
‹ Назад
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A pharmaceutist is preparing powders according to the following formulation: Rp.: Scopolamini hydrobromidi 0,0003 Ephedrini hydrochlorodi 0,05 Sachari 0,15 M.f. pulvis
0, 17 F. 0,203
0, 15
0,20
0, 23
t.d. № 10 S. 1 powder thrice a day. Calculate the mass of 1 powder providing that the trituration (1:100) is used:
‹ Назад
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A pharmaceutist prepares several different solutions with antibiotics under aseptic conditions. He can sterilize the solution of the following substance:
Benzylpenicillin-sodium
Polymyxin sulphate
Benzylpenicillin-potassium
Chloramphenicol
Neomycin sulphate
‹ Назад
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A pharmaceutist has revealed an incompatibility in the prescription. What drug substances form an eutectic mixture?
Ephedrine hydrochloride + glucose
Sodium hydrocarbonate + hexamethylenetetramine
Calcium chloride + sodium chloride
Antipyrine + analgin
Chloral hydrate + camphor
‹ Назад
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The risk can arise from some forms of activity connected with production of goods and services, their selling, commodity-money and financial operations, commerce, implementation of socioeconomic and scientific-and-technical projects. This is the definition for the following concept:
Financial loss
Loss of property
Labour loss
Loss of time
Business risk
‹ Назад
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While studying the reaction of an 'acid'chloroform extraction in acidic medium with sodium nitrite, a forensic toxicologist got a compound stained emerald green. Which of the substances is capable of forming the mentioned ni-trose compound?
Amidopyrine
Salicylic acid
Noxiron
Analgin
Antipyrine
‹ Назад
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A patient got poisoned with nitrites. Nitrite detection by means of azo dye reaction involves using such acid:
Sulphuric
Sulphanilic
Hydrochloric
Salicylic
Phosphoric
‹ Назад
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Preparations made out of eleutherococcus roots and rhizomes are administered as a tonic and adaptogenic drug. If these preparations cannot be found in a pharmacy, they can be substituted by the analogous preparations made of the following raw material:
Rhizomes and roots of valerian
Acorus calamus roots
Elecampane roots
Polemonium roots
Ginseng roots
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A patient with bronchial asthma has been administered a drug from the group of betaadrenergic agonists. Specify this drug:
Salbutamol
Digoxin
Doxycycline hydrochloride
Nitroglycerine
Diazepam
‹ Назад
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An analytical chemist determines the quantitative content of caffeine by method of acidometry in nonaqueous media in compliance with the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine. What solution is used as a titrant?
Perchloric acid
Potassium bromate
Sodium hydroxide
Sodium edetate
Sodium nitrite
‹ Назад
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A pharmacy analyst identifies sodium hydrocarbonate. What indicator can confirm the presence of alkalescent medium reaction in the sodium hydrocarbonate solution?
Starch
Naphtholbenzein
Phenolphtalein
Tropeolin 00
Ferroin
‹ Назад
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Substance of calcium pangamate is to be studied in n analytical laboratory. Calcium cation forms a white precipitate with the following reagent:
Potassium permanganate
Sodium chloride
Potassium bromide
Ammonium oxalate
Sodium cobaltinitrite
‹ Назад
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A chemist of an analytical laboratory studies procaine hydrochloride according to the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine. What method is recommended by the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine for the quantitative analysis of this preparation?
Nitritometry
Bromatometry
Chelatometry
Alkalimetry
Acidimetry
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A patient has been administered a spasmolytic from the group of muscarinic receptor antagonists as a part of the complex treatment for renal colic. Specify this drug:
Dithylinum
Neostigmine
Benzohexonium
Galantamine
Atropine
‹ Назад
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A common method for quantitative determination of drugs from the group of alkali metal halogenides is:
Nitritometry
Chelatometry
Alkalimetry
Permanganatometry
Argentometry
‹ Назад
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A patient has been taking isosorbi-de for stenocardia prevention for quite a long time. Now he notes a significant decrease in the effect of the drug. What is this phenomenon called?
Potentiation
Cumulation
Allergy
Tolerance
Physical dependence
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Pharmacy activities are commonly operated by different types of managers. The function of direct control over drug preparation by a pharmaceutist refers to the following type of management:
Bureaucratic
Managerial
Institutional
Technical
Administrative
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A pharmaceutist has applied for a job of a stockkeeper at a wholesale pharmaceutical enterprise. What trial period doesn’t require agreement with the trade-union committee?
Up to one month
Up to six monthes
Up to four monthes
Up to two monthes
Up to three monthes
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Marketing manager at a pharmaceutical factory is planning its communication policy. Which component of the marketing communication systems has the highest value for one contact?
Periodical advertising
Personal sale
TV advertising
'Public relations'
Sales promotion
‹ Назад
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During the treatment of chronic heart failure with digoxin in a patient having bradycardia, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision. Which drug is the antidote in this case?
Dipiroximum
Tetacinum calcium
Amyl nitrite
Unithiol
Atropine sulphate
‹ Назад
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A biennial or perennial plant from the Apiaceae family has a blue-grey stem branching in its lower part. Its leaves are also blue-grey, finely dissected, with the ultimate filiform segments. The flowers are yellow, in compound umbels. Its fruit is used for production of 'dill water'. What plant is it?
Conium maculatum
Carum carvi
Foeniculum vulgare
Coriandrum sativum
Petroselium crispum
‹ Назад
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Incoming control is conducted in the course of wholesale and retail trade, such control is carried out during receipt of goods by visual inspection or analysis of drug. Incoming control is carried out by authorized person, which is assigned by:
The order of head of territorial inspection
Proprietor of an enterprise
Head of regional structure
Managers order
State inspection of drugs quality control
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When a pharmacy records goods as received, it normally specifies the amount of the markup intended for expenditure coverage and profit gaining. Give the definition for the markup:
Rummage (goods remains) at the end of the month
The difference between the sale price and purchase price of goods
The amount of goods sold
The difference between the sales price and the customs price
The difference between the sales price and markup
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Before the raw plant material is taken over from the supplier, it must be checked for compliance. Which document is the ground for recording raw plant material as received in the pharmacy in case of its approval?
-
Consignation note
Write-off certificate
Acceptance certificate
Invoice
‹ Назад
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The relationships between the demand, supply and price level is studied within the following field of complex market research:
Studies of market structure of companies
Analysis of market segmentation
Studies of economic environment
Studies of market and product requirements
Analysis of sociopsychological features of buyers
‹ Назад
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According to the Labour Code, compulsory deductions from the salaries of pharmacy employees include:
Pension contributions
Excess payments
Amounts to be withheld under writs of execution
Alimony
Trade union contributions
‹ Назад
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According to the basic regulations for supply of medical products, pharmacies should be supplied with medicaments having a remaining shelf life of no less than ... %, and bacterial preparations of no less than ...%:
50 %, 40%
60 %, 30%
60%, 40%
40 %, 20%
80 %, 60%
‹ Назад
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A patient with chronic bronchitis wants to buy glaucine hydrochloride at a pharmacy. What typical side effect of the drug should the patient be warned against?
Irregular heartbeat
Excitation of the central nervous system
Allergic skin rash
Rise of intraocular pressure
Drop of arterial pressure
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A 30-year-old patient with a sleep disorder and psychoemotional disbalance has been administered diazepam. What is the mechanism of its psychosedative action?
Activation of GABAergic system
Inhibition of opioid receptors
Reduction of noradrenaline amount in the CNS
Inhibition of the reticular formation
Inhibition of the limbic system
‹ Назад
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Benzylpenicillin sodium is not used per os, because this drug:
Reduces formation of gastric HCl
Destroys gastric HCl
Poorly absorbed in the intestine
Irritates gastric mucosa
Is destroyed by penicillinase
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Select the reductant required for the determination of arsenic impurity in drugs (method 2):
Potassium iodide solution
Hydrochloric acid solution
Sodium sulfite solution
Sodium hydroxide solution
Sodium hypophosphite
‹ Назад
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A pharmacy received a prescription for powders with a too high single dose of phenobarbital not justified by proper documentation. What actions should a pharmaceutist take?
Supply 1/3 of the maximum single dose
Supply the highest single dose
Supply the maximum single dose, multiplied by the number of powders
Supply 1/3 of the maximum single dose, multiplied by the number of powders
Put the stamp 'invalid' and return the prescription to the patient
‹ Назад
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When heroin comes into an an organism, it metabolizes chiefly to:
6- acetylmorphine
Morphine and 6-monoacetylmorphine
Codeine
3- acetylmorphine and morphine
Morphine
‹ Назад
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A pharmacy received a prescription for a topical powder including a substance that is hard to disperse. Which of the listed fluids may be used for dispersing the substance?
Dimexid
Purified water
Isopropyl alcohol
Water for injections
Diethyl ether
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A female has prolonged labour. Select a drug that stimulates labour activity due to its physiological effect from the listed below:
Progesterone
Oxytocin
Neostigmine
Pachycarpine
Estrone
‹ Назад
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A pharmaceutist has to prepare suppositories with a glycerine gelatin base by the molding method. What is the ratio of gelatin, water and glycerine required for the base?
2:1:5
1:2:5
2:2:4
3:2:3
1:3:4
‹ Назад
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While filling hard gelatin capsules such glidants as 0,1% - 0,3% aerosil or magnesium stearate along with 0,5% - 1% talc are often added to the filling agent in order to improve the following properties:
Regulation of moisture content
Homogeneity
Ability to contact molding
Homogeneity of mixing
Flowability
‹ Назад
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Prescriptions for drugs being subject to the stocktaking and supplied on favourable terms or free of charge except for narcotic (psychotropic) drugs and tramadol are written out:
On the form F-3
On the pink form
On the form F-1
In 2 copies of form F-1
On the forms F-3 and F-1
‹ Назад
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What management style is characterized by manager’s particular compliance, when manager initiates goals formation by his subordinate and is ready to accept it without reservations?
Democratic management style
Laissez-faire management style
Collective style
Combined style
Bureaucratic style
‹ Назад
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Activity of pharmaceutical institutions is subject to licensing. What is the duration of licencse for drugs and healthcare products sale?
Five years
Two years
One year
Three years
Four years
‹ Назад
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In case of loss of license a pharmaceutist should address an application for a duplicate to a licensing authority. The licensing authority is obliged to issue the duplicate to the applicant no later than:
The duplicate isn’t issued
Three monthes from the date of application receipt
Three working days from the date of application receipt
One month from the date of application receipt
Two monthes from the date of application receipt
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Which component of the marketing communication system focuses on creating a positive image of a company?
Merchandising
Advertising
Personal sales
Retail logistics
Public relations
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Select a loop diuretic of strong, emergency and short-term action from the listed below:
Acetazolamide
Clopamide
Triamterene
Spironolactone
Furosemide
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A laboratory received some herbal raw material for analysis. The plant had flowerheads up to 4 cm in diameter, the marginal flowers were agamic, blue, funnel-shaped; the inner flowers were bisexual, purple, tubular. What plant has these features?
Centaurea cyanus
Viola tricolor
Polygonum persicaria
Solidago virgaurea
Scutellaria baicalensis
‹ Назад
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Spesify the type of the following liniment: Ol. Helianthi 7,4 Sol. Ammonii caustici 25 ml Ac. Oleinici 0,1 M.f. linimentum D.S. To be rubbed in.
Liniment, emulsion o/w
Combined liniment
Liniment-solution
Liniment-suspension
Liniment, emulsion w/o
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A patient who has been undergoing combined drug therapy for peptic ulcer presents with black feces. Specify a drug that might have caused such a change:
Bismuth subcitrate
Omeprazole
Ranitidine
Actovegin
Metronidazole
‹ Назад
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A man with a long history of chronic hepatitis has been diagnosed with pneumonia. Which of the following antibacterial drugs can be applied in this clinical situation?
Tetracycline
Biseptol
Vancomycin
Rifampicin
Amoxicillin
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A 57-year-old female patient was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis; she has also a history of stomach ulcer. What drug from the group of nonsteroid antiinflammatory drugs may be recommended this patient?
Indometacin
Mefenamic acid
Diclofenac
Aspirin
Celecoxib
‹ Назад
Далі ›
An internship doctor prescribed his patient nifuroxazid from the group of ni-trofurans for the treatment of urinary tracts infection. The doctor made a mistake because:
It has nephrotoxic effect
It cannot be absorbed from the digestive tract
It is excreted from the organism very slowly
It has bacteriostatic effect
It is excreted with urine in the inactive state
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Which of the following is the drug of choice for bronchial asthma attacks prevention?
Cromolyn sodium
Ambroxol
Diphenhydramine hydrochloride
Salbutamol
Drotaverine
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A pharmaceutist needs to sterilize 250 ml of glucose solution for injections. How many minutes should the solution undergo sterilization in the autoclave under the temperature of 120°C?
30
25
8
12
15
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Grinding equipment is classified by the way of grinding. What kind of machines does a roller crusher relate to?
Impact-centrifugal
Cutting
Crushing
Impact
Abrasive
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Antacid gastritis can be treated with plantain juice. What is the way of its extraction?
Maceration with aqueous ethanol solution
High-pressure compression
Dissolution of concentrates
Extraction with condensed gases
Repercolation
‹ Назад
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Oxidation of some toxins within the body results in generation of compounds that increase their toxicity. Thus, due to the oxidation of heptachlor in the body the folowing compound is formed:
Carbon monoxide
Heptachlor oxide
Carbon dioxide
Heptachlor epoxide
Hexachlorocyclohexane
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A pharmacy has sulfonamide biseptol on sale. What chemical compounds are the main components of this drug?
Urosulfan, sulfapiridazin
Phthalazolum, sulfadimezin
Sulgin, norsulfazol
Sulfazin, salazodimethoxinum
Sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim
‹ Назад
Далі ›
In course of isoniazid identification a pharmacy analyst boiled thoroughly the substance with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene. The substance turned yellow, after adding alkaline solution it turned first violet and then brownish-red. As a result of this reaction the following aldehyde derivative is produced:
Gluconic
Glyoxylic
Glutakon
Glutamic
Hexanic
‹ Назад
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A routine inventory revealed a cash shortage. Who must reimburse the sum of the identified shortage?
Deputy head of Department
Deputy director of pharmacy
Department head
Pharmacy director
Cashier
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A pharmaceutical factory produces herbal juice out of fresh raw material. What operation should be performed at the stage of juice purification?
Crystallization
Heating followed by quick cooling
Adsorption
Filtration
Sedimentation
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A patient suffering from stomach ulcer was prescribed an antiulcer drug that also reduces secretion of hydrochloric acid and inhibits Chelicobacter pylori. What drug is it?
Gastrocepine
Famotidine
Omeprazole
Maalox
Almagel
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Quantitative determination of ni-trofural (furacilin) can be done by method of spectrophotometry. A pharmacy analyst can calculate quantity by measuring:
Rotation angle
Optical density
Refractive index
Fusion temperature
pH of solution
‹ Назад
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An edema can be relieved by means of hypertonic solutions. What phenomenon takes place in the blood cells after injection of such solution?
Plasmolysis
Electrolysis
Hydrolysis
Hemolysis
Lipolysis
‹ Назад
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A consulting pharmacist informed a patient about possible side effect of metronidazole that is normally provoked by alcohol intake. What is the mechanism of this phenomenon?
Enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase activation
Enzyme acetylcholinesterase blocking
Enzyme acetylcholinesterase activation
Enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase blocking
Enzyme glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activation
‹ Назад
Далі ›
An anaesthesiologist has to perform an operation under neuroleptanalgesia. Which of the following drug combinations should be used in this case?
Diazepam with aminazine
Fentanyl with diazepam
Fentanyl with droperidol
Promedol with amitriptillin
Droperidol with prednisolone
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Common juniper is applied as a diuretic, anti-inflammatory and cholagogic agent. This plant gives the following medicinal raw material:
Sprouts
Leaves
Fruits
Seeds
Roots
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Which of the following reagents should be added to the isoniazid to achieve blue colour and precipitation that turns light-green and emits gases when heated?
Alkaline solution
Hydrochloric acid solution
Iron (III) chloride solution
Copper sulfate solution
Silver nitrate solution
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For accounting business transactions carried out in a pharmacy the synthetic accounts are used. Their list is given in the Chart of Accounts. Balances of the I, II and III account classes are used for completion of the following document:
First section of the liabilities balance sheet
Assets
Liabilities
Fourth section of the liabilities balance sheet
Profit and Loss Account
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A 40-year-old patient suffers from bronchial asthma and cardiac rhythm disturbance in form of bradyarrhythmia. Drugs of which pharmacological group should be administered for bronchospasm suppression?
Beta-blockers
M-cholinomimetics
M-cholinergic antagonists
Muscle relaxant
Cholinesterase inhibitors
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A patient who has taken phenobarbi-tal for a long time was prescribed diclofenac sodium. However the anti-inflammatory effect of diclofenac appeared to be less than expected due to the pharmacokinetic interaction of these drugs. Such interaction might be the result of the following processes:
Decelerated drug metabolism in liver
Increased drug dosage
Accelerated drug metabolism in liver
Change of receptor sensibility
Reduced protein concentration in plasma
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