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During local anaesthetizati-on novocaine solution is usually compounded with solution of adrenaline hydrochloride. What is the purpose of this action?
Algesthesia reduction
Decrease in smooth muscle tone
Vasoconstriction
Increase in smooth muscle tone
Vasodilatation
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Which of the below-listed drugs is used for thrombolytic therapy in case of myocardial infarction?
Heparine
rhenylinum
Acetylsalicylic acid
Ticlopidine
Streptokinase
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On the 4th day of treatment with indometacin a 55-year-old patient developed gastrorrhagia as a result of gastric mucosa ulcer. Ulcerogenic effect of this drug is explained by the lowered activity of the following enzyme:
-
Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1)
Prostacyclin synthetase
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)
Lipoxygenase (LOG)
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A 45-year-old patient has been taking neodicumarinum for thrombophlebitis for two weeks. The regular blood test revealed a decrease in prothrombin concentration, microhematuria. Which drug should be used as neodicumarinum antagonist?
Aminocaproic acid
Vicasol
Sodium citrate
Protamine sulfate
Heparin
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A patient complaining of dry mouth, photophobia and blurred vision has been delivered to the admission ward. Objectively: the skin is hyperemic, dry, mydriatic pupils and tachycardia are present. He has been diagnosed with belladonna alkaloids intoxication. Which of the drugs should be given as an antidote?
Dipiroxim
Pylocarpine
Aceclidine
Neostigmine
Armin
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A 52-year-old patient was diagnosed with systemic amebiasis accompanied by bowels, liver and lungs affection. What preparation should be administered?
Chingamin
Chiniofon
Tetracycline
Phthalazol
Metronidazole
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A gravida in her 20th week of gestation got ill with pneumonia. What chemotherapeutical drug may be administered with no risk for the fetus development?
Laevomycetinum
Веnzylpenicillinum
Gentamycin
Ofloxacinum
Sulfalenum
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During a surgical operation the muscle relaxant tubocurarine chloride was used. What antagonist drug should be injected in order to allow the patient to brief independently?
Neostigmine
Aethimizolum
Cytitonum
Dithylinum
Веnzohexonium
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A pharmacy depot received a batch of common plantain leaves. According to the requirements of the Pharmacopoeia, this herbal raw matrial is of adequate quality if it contains the following active substances:
Essential oils
Polysaccharides
Anthracene derivatives
Flavonoids
Tannins
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A pharmacy analyst analizes distilled water. For this purpose he brings some amount of the sample material to the boiling point, adds 0,02 M solution of potassium permanganate and diluted sulfuric acid. After 5 minutes of boiling the pink colour of the produced solution should not change. The pharmacy analyst tries to detect the following admixture:
Sulfates
Chemical reducing agent
Nitrates
Carbon dioxide
Heavy metals
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A pharmacy supplies the population with drugs for cash. Specify the VAT on drugs:
20 %
30 %
0%
15 %
10 %
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Aerosol production involves application of different groups of propellents. What propellents relate to the group of compressed gases?
Nitrogen, nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide
Vinyl chloride, methyl chloride
Freons
Propane, butane, isobutane
Methylene chloride, ethylene chloride
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An analytical laboratory carries out quantitative analysis of sodium citrate by method of ionexchanging chromatography on a cationite. What titrated solution is to be used for the following titration of generated citric acid?
Trilon B
Hydrochloric acid
Potassium iodate
Sodium hydroxide
Iodine
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Which preparation is the specific antidote in case of intoxication with iron preparations?
Deferoxamium
Penicillamine
Bemegridum
Protamine sulphate
Atropinum
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A pharmaceutist revealed incompatibility in the formulation. Rp.: Sol. Collargoli 1% - 10 ml Sol. Adrenalini hydrochloridi 0,1% - 1i M.D.S. Nasal drops. What chemical process underlies this incompatibility?
Precipitation
Oxidization
Adsorption
Hydrolysis
Neutralization
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A pharmaceutist made a tincture of Adonis herb. A peculiarity of its preparation is that the active substances are derived in:
In the alkalescent medium
In the neutral medium
In the subacid medium
In the alkaline medium
In the acid medium
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Coltsfoot preparations are used for upper airways treatment. During procurement of this herbal raw material the following admixture may appear:
Marsh mallow (Althaea officinalis)
Pot marjoram (Origanum vulgare)
Common plantain (Plantago major)
Great bur (Arctium lappa)
Spring adonis (Adonis vernalis)
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A pharmacist-technologist received an ointment formulation. Rp.: Unguentum Resorcini 1,5% -10,0 Da. Signa. To be applied on the affected skin The pharmaceutist incorporated dry medical substance into the ointment by the following way:
Triturated with a part of vaseline
Added to molten vaseline
Triturated with a few water drops
Triturated with a few ethanol drops
Triturated with a few vaseline oil drops
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For granule drying different types of dryers are used. The dryer SP-30 relates to the following type:
With silica gel column
Sublimation
With a forced air circulation
With fluidized bed
Infrared
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Specify the herbal raw material with high concentration of carotinoids which is d used for production of phytopreparations:
Currant leaflets
Caseweed grass
Sea-buckthorn fruits
Wild strawberry leaves
Parsley roots
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For the purpose of sales stimulation a pharmaceutical wholesale company grants its customers a discount according to the social contract and on condition of their loyalty. Specify the type of discount:
Dealer
Bonus
Seasonal
Discounts for quantity of purchased goods
-
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One of the quality indicators for finished ampoules is lack of residual stress in the glass. Which operation at the stage 'Preparation of ampoules to be filled 'eliminates this imperfection?
Ampoule annealing
Capillary opening
Ampoule sterilization
Ampoule washing
Ampoule drying
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Companies producing injectable dosage forms apply different methods of ampoule sealing. Sealing against a jet of inert gases (nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide) is suitable for the following injection solutions:
Photosensitive
Viscous
Hydrolytically unstable
Thermostable
Easily oxidable
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Quality control of tablets produced at a pharmaceutical enterprise involves quantitative determination of such subsidiary substances as talc and aerosil. What method is applied for such determination?
Photocolorimetric
Titrimetric
Gravimetric
Spectrophotometric
Chromatographic
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Pharmaceutical plants produce enteric-coated tablets. According to the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine, the coating mustn’t disintegrate in the acidic medium within the following period:
3 hours
5 hours
4 hours
2 hours
1 hour
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A patient with depression has been administered a drug from the group of tri- cyclic antidepressants. Specify this drug:
Amitriptyline
Phenazepam
Caffeine
Aminalonum
Droperidol
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In the medical practice this compound is used as a disinfectant. In case of intoxication with this compound the patient’s urine turns olive or olive-black. Specify the compound:
Ethyl ether
Isoamyl alcohol
Iodoform
Ethyl lbenzoata
Phenol
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A patient with hypertension has been administered one of antihypertensive drugs. Blood pressure dropped back to normal, but the patient has developed a persistent dry cough. Which of the following drugs has such a side effect?
Furosemide
Propranolol
Clonidine
Nifedipine
Enalapril maleate
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A patient suffering from ulcer disease was prescribed famotidine. What is the mechanism of its action?
Inhibition of adenosine triphosphatase activity
Block of cholinoreceptors of sympathetic ganglions
Block of H і-histamine receptors
Block of muscarinic cholinoreceptors
Block of H2-histamine receptors
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According to the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine, a pharmacy analyst determines iron admixture in a preparation by means of citric and thioglycolic acids. What staining indicates presence of this admixture?
Blue
Pink
Green
Yellow
Black
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Name the reason for the reduction of anticoagulant effect of syncumar when it is applied in combination with phenobarbital:
Development of syncumar allergy
Mutual inactivation
These drugs are antagonists
Phenobarbital activates microsomal liver enzymes
Phenobarbital inhibits microsomal liver enzymes
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Calamus rhizome is likely to be confused with some other plant rhizome that can be found as an admixture in the herbal raw material. Specify the most likely admixture:
Althaea roots
Phlojodicarpus roots
Valerian rhizome
Iris rhizome
Elecampane roots
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Tannins can be used as an antidote for alkaloid poisoning. What herbal remedy should be applied in case of such intoxication:
Rhizome and roots of madder
Althaea root
Calamus rhizome
Elecampane root
Cinquefoil root
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Tannins have astringent effect and are used for treatment of colitis, enterocolitis, diarrhea. What herbal raw material contains a lot of tannins?
Fructus Sambucci nigri
Fructus Rhamni catharticae
Fructus Frangulae
Fructus Myrtilli
Fructus Ribes nigri
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Cardioglycosides of Adonis vernalis are used for heart failure treatment. This plant raw material should be stored:
According to the list A
Protected from CO2
According to the list B
Under normal conditions
In metal containers
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A pharmacy manager is writing the monthly 'Inventory report'. What business transactions should be represented in the expenditure item of the report?
Payroll payment
Plant raw material purchases
Extra-evaluation of laboratorypackaging works
Drug sales
Amortization charged to operation
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During inventory of a pharmacy the surplus of inventory holdings was revealed. What actions concerning the surplus should be taken by the inventory comission?
Confiscation by superior organization
Writing-off
Abolishment
Take on charge
Immediate realization
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A pharmacist made eye drops of pilocarpine hydrochloride and adrenaline hydrochloride solution. A peculiarity of the incorporation of the adrenaline hydrochloride solution is that it is added:
In the first place
After isotoning
To the half dose of solvent
After dissolving of solids
After sterilization, aseptic
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A patient has chronic pancreatitis with apparent manifestations of pancreatic exocrine hypofunction. Which of the following drugs would be the most appropriate in this case?
Раncreatinum
Drotaverine
Оmерrаzоlе
De-Nol
Acidin pepsinum
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Underground organs of medicinal plants that accumulate the most of active substances should be collected:
At the budding stage
During the green fruiting
At the flowering stage
At the stem extension stage
After the seeds have ripened and the overground parts died off
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In Ukraine the out-patients are supplied with narcotic and psychotropic drugs only by prescription. Medicoprophylactic institutions receive prescription blanks (Form 3) from the following source:
Pharmaceutical corporation
City’s health department
Wholesale companies
Typography
Pharmacy storehouse
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A patient has been administered powders containing menthol. What is the best way to achieve the required extent of menthol comminution?
To triturate it with alcohol or ether
To triturate it with glycerine or chloroform
To triturate it with purified water
To triturate it thoroughly with sugar
To triturate it with other components of the formulation
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Stability of suspensions can be enhanced by substances which increase the viscosity of the dispersion medium. Specify the substance that exhibits such properties:
Ether
Ethanol
Glycerol
Purified water
Dimexid
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A doctor prescribed an olive oil emulsion whose composition includes anesthesin. In order that anesthesin can be incorpotated into the emulsion it should be dissolved:
In the primary emulsion
In the treated water
In the alcohol and add to the primary emulsion
In the oil before emulsifying
In the mature emulsion
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О-methylation is an important method of organic substances biotransformation in the body, compounds that are subject to such method contain:
Carboxyl groups
Phenolic groups
Amides
Nitro groups
Tthiol groups
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Which antiseptic preparation has bactericidal effect due to the formation of atomic oxygen?
Furacilinum
Potassium permanganate
Aethonium
Chloraminum
Silver nitrate
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Styles of maize with stigmata containing fatty acids, vitamins, essential oils, saponins and other substances are used as:
Diuretic and choleretic
Bactericidal and astringent
Cardiotonic and antiarrhythmic
Sedative and anticonvulsant
Expectorant and antibechic
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One of the tablet coatings is enterosoluble capsule. They get solved in:
Oral cavity
Rectum
Stomach
-
Bowels
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It is required to analyse some herbal raw material in form of shiny black drupes up to 6-8 mm in diameter; the bone is large, very firm, spherical, light brown, with a single seed; it has a sweet, slightly astringent taste. This herbal raw material should be qualified as a fruit of:
Hawthorn
Buckthorn
Bird cherry
Black chokeberry
Blueberry
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Which of the following non-steroid anti-inflammatory agents has the least harmful effect on the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract?
Indomethacin
Nimesulide
Diclofenac
Acetylsalicylic acid
Piroxicam
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A pharmaceutist prepared eyedrops with boric acid. What sterilization method was applied?
Tyndallization
Sterilization by dry heat
By high-frequency current
Sterilization by gases
Sterilization by saturation vapor pressure
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A pharmaceutist refused preparation of nasal drops to a patient because of incompatibility between collargol and di-medrol written in the prescription. What is the reason for incompatibility between these ingredients?
Dissection
Coagulation
Adsorption
Immiscibility
Eutectic formation
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A pharmaceutist was preparing an ointment with ricin oil and Vaseline but failed to get homogenous system. What is the most likely cause of incompatibility between these components?
Release of water of crystallization
Coagulation
Restricted solubility
Component immiscibility
Adsorption
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A doctor wrote a prescription for the tincture of digitalis with hydrochloric acid. What is the reason for their incompatibility?
Precipitation
Change in colour
Hydrolysis (with no visible change)
Gassing
Change in odour
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At the initial stage of establishing a pharmaceutical enterprise the internal disciplinary regulations should be adopted. One of the primary matters is the duration of the lunch break for the employees. According to the Labour Code of Ukraine, the break duration must be as follows:
Not less than 3 hours
-
Up to 2 hours
Up to 1 hour
2,5 hours
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A 26-year-old patient was diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia provoked by mycoplasma. Choose the appropriate antimicrobial preparation for the patient treatment:
Amoksiklav
Веnzylpenicillinum
Rovamycine
Gentamycinum
Amoxicillin
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A 60-year-old patient has essential hypertension stage II, coronary disease, bronchial asthma. After pharmacotherapy correction the patient exhibited a bronchospastic attack, intensified dyspnea. What drug provoked this complication?
Propranolol
Salbutamolum
Мucaltinum
Еuphyllinum
Nifedipi^
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After an emotional stress a 60-year-old patient presented with chest pain irradiating to the left arm. Specify a drug that relieves pain in this case:
Nitroglycerine
Nifedipine
Diltiazem
Metoprolol
Propranolol
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A 70-year-old patient consulted a doctor about elevated arterial pressure. He has a history of benign hyperplasia of prostate. What drug should be administered in this case?
Losartan
Ем^гИ
Diltiazem
Doxazosin
Propranolol
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A pharmaceutist revealed incompatibility in a prescription for powders with ascorbic acid and hexamethylenetetramine. What process takes place when these components are combined?
Eutectic formation
Mixture dampening
Crystallization water exudation
Immiscibility
Substances adsorption
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A pharmaceutist made a medicinal preparation according to the following formulation: Rp.: Chloroformii Olei Helianthi Methylii salicylatis ana 10,0 M.D.S. For infriction. Specify the kind of disperse system:
Liniment - emulsion
Liniment - solution
Liniment - combined
Liniment - extractional
Liniment suspension
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In order to get registered in state authorities pharmacies as legal persons must possess authorized capital stock. What amount is identified as the authorized capital stock?
The amount of debts of an enterprise
The amount recorded in constituent documents
The amount of fund formation sources
The amount of noncurrent assets
Total assets
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According to the current legislation, pharmaceutists get the sickness benefit in case of temporary disability. Specify the source of payment for the first 5 days of being on the sick leave:
Pension fund
Pharmacy revenues
Reserve fund
Environment stimulation fund
Pharmacy expenditures
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Which of the listed antibacterial drugs should NOT be administered to a patient with diabetes mellitus type II being treated with glibenclamid?
Midecamycin
Co-trimoxazolum
Doxycycline
Gentamycinum
Benzylpenicillinum
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What drug may cause constipation in a patient undergoing combined therapy for arterial hypertension?
Furosemide
Verapamil
Acetylsalicilic acid in small dosages
Panangin
Trimetazidine
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A pharmacy plans to purchase and retail goods of different stock record units. Which group of goods does VAT reduction apply to?
Medicaments
Curative cosmetics
Perfumes
Optics
Baby food
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Preliminary tests involve using various kinds of indicator paper. Blackening of the indicator paper treated with plumbum acetate indicates that the biological object contains:
Hydrogen sulphide
Sodium hydroxide
Hydrogen chloride
Ammonium hydroxide
Sulphuric acid
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An analytical chemist makes a test for the presence of sodium thiosulphate. Select a reagent which allows to detect the thiosulphate ion:
Hydrochloric acid
Potassium iodide
Sodium hydroxide
Magnesium sulfate
Sodium bromide
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An analytical chemist determines the admixture of sulphates in the boric acid. What is the main reagent that he has to add:
Sodium sulphide
Ammonium oxalate
Silver nitrate
Potassium ferrocyanide
Barium chloride
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In order to arrest stenocardia attacks a patient takes nitroglycerin capsules. What is the rational way of the drug introduction?
Inhalation
Hypodermic
Rectal
Sublingual
Peroral
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Recommend a patient with acute bronchitis a mucolytic drug that ease difficulty in expectoration:
Drotaverine hydrochloride
Diclofenac sodium
Acetylcysteine
Glaucine
Loratadine
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A patient with atherosclerosis has been administered an anti-atherosclerotic agent. Specify this drug:
Phenylbutazone
Ascorbic acid
Phenofibrate
Pyracetam
Dexamethasone
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A pharmacy received a batch of medicines from a pharmacy depot. Specify the drug subject to the controlled substance inventory in pharmacies:
Acetylsalicylic acid
Analgin
Novocaine
Paracetamol
Dicaine
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A pharmaceutical company conducted an age-specific segment analysis of the regional antihistamine market. It revealed the lack of antihistamines for children. The company will consider this segment as:
A market door
An unattractive segment
A market share
A market niche
A segment requiring further research
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An obtained mineralisate contains sulphates of lead, barium and strontium in form of white precipitation. What procedure will allow to separate the lead sulphate?
Dissolution in ammonium acetate
Conversion into diethyldithiocarbamate
Dissolution in concentrated sulphuric acid
Conversion into carbonate
Conversion into arsine
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A pharmacy received the following prescription: 0,0002 g of scopolamine hydrobromide per 1 powder. How much of 1:100 trituration is required for the preparation of 10 powders?
4, 0
0,2
0, 04
2, 0
0, 4
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A pharmacy received a prescription for 3% alcohol solution of boric acid. What concentration of ethyl alcohol is required for preparing the drug form?
96%
70%
60%
40%
90%
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A licensed state-owned pharmacy obtains and retails narcotic drugs. Which state authority develops and revises the list of the drugs allowed in Ukraine?
State Inspectorate for Quality Control of Drugs
-
State servise on Narcotic Drugs Control of Ukraine
Public Joint Stock Company 'Medicaments of Ukraine'
State Pharmacological Centre
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A pharmacy is engaged in retail sales of drugs. What group of drugs does atropine sulphate relate to?
Drastic
Narcotic
Psychotropic
Toxic
Over-the-counter
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An employee of a pharmaceutical company has been commissioned with marketing research on the regional market of antiarrhythmic drugs. What stage of research would he prefer in the first place?
Submission of report
Collection of primary information
Collection and analysis of secondary information
Preparation of report
Analysis of primary information
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A pharmaceutical company 'Pfizer'is focused on offering the best quality goods at a high price which should cover the costs of research and development as well as production of high quality products. Despite the high price, the product is still in demand. What are the goals of the company’s price policy?
Winning the market leadership in respect of product quality
Ensuring the company’s survival
Increasing the market share
Increasing the company’s assortment
Maintaining status quo
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A pharmaceutical company 'Pharmasvet'has patented and produces now a new hypoglycemic preparation. The company markets this product directly through the own sales departments, affiliated sales companies, pharmacy network. Marketing policy of this pharmaceutical company can be characterized by the channel of the following level:
Two-level
Three-level
Zero level
Four-level
One-level
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A patient with cholelithiasis was prescribed the following drug for the purpose of cholesterol gallstone dissolution:
Ursodeoxycholic acid
Gamma-amino-butyric acid
Mefenamic acid
Acetylsalicylic acid
Citric acid
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Which of the listed methods of filling ampoules with injectable solutions can protect the capillaries from contamination with thick and viscous solutions?
Syringe method
Turbo-vacuum method
Solution squeezing method
Vacuum method
Steam condensing method
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Production of injection solutions involves an operation of solution filtration. What filters are used for sterile filtration?
Filter candles
Mushroom filter
Filter developed by the Kharkiv Chemo-pharmaceutic Research Institute
Pressure filters
Nutsch filters
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A 68-year-old female patient has been continuously taking furosemide for heart failure treatment. What drug should be used to prevent hypokalemia in patients taking furosemide?
Atp-long
Trimetazidine
Panangin
Sustac forte
Mildronatum
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Eye drops are prepared with an ointment base which is an alloy of vaseline and lanolin. Specify the method of its sterilization:
Flowing steam
Ethylene oxide
Tyndallization
Pasteurization
Dry heat
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Quantitative determination of silver nitrate is done by method of thi-ocyanatometry. What indicator is used in this case?
Potassium chromate
Phenolphtalein
Methylene blue
Sodium eosinate
Iron (III) ammonium sulphate
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An analytical chemist was identifying xeroform in reaction with sodium sulphide. As a result of reaction a black solid dropped out. What ion was detected?
Silver
Bismuth
Lead
Copper
Zinc
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During the chemico-toxicological study of the dialysate of an aqueous extract, the ammonia test IS NOT carried out if the dialysate includes the following substance:
Sulphurous acid
Hydrogen sulphide
Nitric acid
Nitrous acid
Sulphuric acid
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A forensic chemical laboratory received an object for analysis. The analysis involves quantitative determination of mercury by means of a reaction with di-thizone. What physicalchemical method is used within this analysis?
Thin layer chromatography
IR spectrophotometry
Extraction photocolorimetry
Gas-liquid chromatography
UV spectrophotometry
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A woman in the III trimester of pregnancy has an acute respiratory viral disease accompanied with body temperature rise up to 39oC. Which of the drugs should be recommended?
Acetylsalicylic acid
Indomethacin
Diclofenac sodium
Paracetamol
Celecoxib
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Suspensions as heterogenous systems can be characterized by kinetic and sedimentary instability. What substance is used for increasing suspension stability with hydrophobic substances?
Glucose
Gelatose
Boric acid
Sodium sulphate
Sodium chloride
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A patient presents with morphine intoxication. Which drug should be injected as an antidote?
Unithiol
Lobeline hydrochloride
Bemegride
Naloxone
Atropine sulphate
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Most alkaloids are isolated from the biological material by polar solvents. Which of the listed alkaloids is isolated by the way of distillation with water vapour?
Cocaine
Strychnine
Quinine
Atropine
Coniine
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Comparative analysis of the performance of two pharmacies showed that the trade stock in terms of days was 20 and 30 days respectively. Which of these indicators is NOT USED for calculating the trade stock?
Turnover
Sales volume
Wage fund
The left-over goods in terms of settlement prices
The rate of trade mark-up
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A pharmacy received drugs that are included in the National List of Essential Medicines. When supplying these drugs to the public hospitals, pharmacies are entitled to mark-up the drug charges at the rate of:
40 %
30 %
10%
50 %
20 %
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Sales of medical cosmetics retailed in pharmacies are taxable at the VAT rate of 20%. Who is charged with it?
Wholesale intermediator company firm
Pharmacy
End consumer
Customs service
Product manufacturer
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A patient who has been suffering from gastric diseases for a long time is found to have hyperchromic anemia. Which of the following drugs is applied for this pathology treatment?
Ascorbic acid
Сyanocobalamine
Охуferriscorbone
Ferrum Lek
Unitiol
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Essential oil of rose is used as an antiinflammatory and antispasmodic agent. It is localized in the following excretory organs:
Essential oil glandules
Glandular spots
Secretory cells
Essential oil conceptacles
Glandular hairs
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A chemist of an analytic laboratory has to prepare turbidity standards according to the requirements of Pharmacopoeia. What substances are to be used as the reference?
Furacilinum and calcium chloride
Hexamethylenetetramine and hydrazine sulphate
Sodium chloride and calcium nitrate
Potassium chloride and barium sulphate
Calcium sulphate and glycerin
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A pharmaceutist plans voluntary termination of the open-ended employment contract for the reason of her husband’s transfer to another area. Specify the form and term of notice that should be given to the pharmacy director:
One-month notice in written form
Two-day notice in written form
Five-day notice in written form
One-week notice in written form
Two-week notice in written form
‹ Назад
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A pharmacy makes wholesale purchases of health and hygiene products. An agent works under the contract with the manufacturer and makes deals at the manufacturer’s cost. The agent may be entitled to exclusive distribution in some regions. What kind of agent is it?
Wholesale agent
Commission agent
Dealer
Consignee
Broker
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How much water should be taken in order to prepare 200 ml of aqueous extract of motherwort ( water absorption coefficient = 2 ml/g)?
220 ml
240 ml
160 ml
200 ml
210 ml
‹ Назад
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During the identification of a drug an analytical chemist of the State Inspectorate for Quality Control performs a lignin test. Specify this drug:
Streptotcid
Methionine
Cortisone acetate
Ascorbic acid
Analgin
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A pharmacist-analyst carries out quantitative analysis of procaine hydrochloride. Which of the following solutions is to be used?
Sodium edetate
Argentum nitricum
Sodium thiosulfate
Potassium bromate
Sodium nitrite
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The main active components of hawthorn berries are flavonoids. What is their pharmacological effect?
Diuretic and styptic
Antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory
Tonic and antispasmodic
Laxative and sedative
Hypotensive and sedative
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Name a 'metal poison'which is isolated from the biological material by the method of destruction:
Arsenic
Silver
Cadmium
Stibium
Mercury
‹ Назад
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Toxic substances can be isolated from the objects of biological origin by different methods. In case of intoxication with pesticides - derivatives of phosphoric acids - the following method is applied:
Infusion with organic solvents
Infusion with alkalized water
Dialysis from alkalized solutions
Distillation with water steam from the alkaline medium
Infusion with water acidified with chloric acid
‹ Назад
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A pharmacy analyst carries out purity test of the drug substance 'Sodium thi- osulfate'. Violet colour, that comes from reaction with sodium nitroprusside, indicates the presence of the following admixture:
Sulfur admixture
Sulphates admixture
Sodium chloride admixture
Specific sulfides admixture
Iodides admixture
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An analytic laboratory received 'Aether anaestheticus'for analysis. Which reagent should be used for detection of acetone and aldehyde admixtures according to the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine?
Ammonium solution of argentum nitrate
Sodium hydrosulphite
Alkaline solution of potassium tetrai-odomercurate
Aqueous solution of potassium iodide
Hydroxylamine solution
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Activity of an organization depends on various factors. What factors refer to the internal environment of the organization?
Abilities, skills and talent of staff
Public authorities
Economy status
Infrastructure
Consumers
‹ Назад
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Financial accountability of pharmacies consists of separate account forms. Which form presents accounts payable for the goods purchased?
Net worth statement, form 3
Financial performance report, form 2m
Balance assets, form 1
Balance sheet, form 1
Financial performance report, form 2
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In Ukraine natural persons as small business entities are allowed to use the simplified tax system. What limit on the number of employees is established for such enterprises?
No more than 20 persons
No more than 50 persons
No more than 30 persons
No more than 40 persons
No more than 10 persons
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For the natural persons being small business subjects the simplified tax system is effective. But there is a limit of annual proceeds upon sale. What is the boundary amount of proceeds?
Up to 500 thousand UAH
Up to 750 thousand UAH
Up to 100 thousand UAH
Up to 5 million UAH
Up to 1 million UAH
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Simplified tax system implies replacement of several taxes by a single one. What limit on the number of employees is established for the legal persons to implement the simplified tax system?
10 persons
100 persons
75 persons
50 persons
25 persons
‹ Назад
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Fatty oil containing saturated fatty acids is used for atherosclerosis prevention. Specify the medicinal plant that is used for oil production:
Dill seeds
Flax seeds
Fennelflower seeds
Black chokeberry fruits
Hawthorn fruits
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A tablet shop produces trituration tablets. What quality indicators ARE NOT relevant for these tablets?
Homogeneity of content
Microbiological purity
Disintegration and dissolution
Homogeneity of dosage
Abrasion, resistance to crushing
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A phytochemical production unit produces biogenic stimulators out of different raw materials. Specify the biogenic stimulators of organo-mineral origin:
Peloidinum, Humisolum, Torfotum, Рlasmolum, Solcoseryl
Vitreous body, Placenta injection, Рlasmolum, Solcoseryl
Extractum Aloes fluidum, Linimentum Aloes, Succus Aloes, Biosedum
Extractum Aloes fluidum, Linimentum Aloes, Рlasmolum
Peloidinum, Humisolum, Torfotum, Fibs pro injectionibus
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A pharmaceutical enterprise produces water solutions. The solution of the following substance is produced by method of chemical interaction and electrochemically:
Calcium gluconate
Plumbum hydroxide acetate
Potassium arsenite
Aluminum hydroxide acetate
Polyvinyl alcohol
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In course of preparation of suppositories by the pumping method the suppository mass became viscous and fluid after the incorporation of chloral hydrate into the cocoa butter. What substance should be added to the suppository mass in order to restore its density and plasticity?
Dimexid
Glycerine
Purified water
Starch
Wax
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Powders make up an important group among the extemporal medicinal preparations. Which of the following components can be incorporated into a powder without being preliminarily ground?
Ascorbic acid
Xeroform
Camphor
Calcium gluconate
Basic Bismuth nitrate
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Qualitative reaction for phenol is the reaction with bromine water. What compound is produced as a result of the interaction of phenol with bromine water and drops out as a white solid?
2,4-dibromophenol
2,4,6-tribromophenol
4- bromophenol
3- bromophenol
2- bromophenol
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Upper airways diseases can be treated by means of herbal raw materials containing mucilages. The plant source of this compound class is:
Radix Althaeae
Radix Belladonnae
Radix Rhodiolae
Radix Ipecacuanhae
Radix Inulae
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The basic structure of steroid hormones is hydrocarbon skeleton -cyclopentane perhydrophenanthrene. What natural compound is used for testosterone propionate production?
Phenanthrene
Naphthalene
Indole
Cholesterol
Anthracene
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According to the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine, a pharmacy analyst should determine procaine hydrochloride by nitritometric method. What indicator is to be used for this purpose?
Acid chrome blue
Methyl red
Crystal violet
Neutral red
Xylenol orange
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According to the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine, a pharmacy analyst should determine fluorouracil by method of nonaqueous titration. What titrated solution is to be used?
Ammonium thiocyanate
Potassium bromate
Tetrabutyl ammonium hydroxide
Sodium edetate
Sodium nitrite
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An analytical chemist analyses the substance of ethylmorphine hydrochloride. The substance purity is tested by method of semi-microanalysis. What reagent is used to determine the water admixture?
Iodosulphurous
Molibdeno-vanadium
Biuretic
Methoxyphenyl acetic acid
Hypophosphite
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An analytical laboratory carries out an analysis of ferrum sulphate heptohydrate according to the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine. The test portion of the substance should be titrated with the following solution:
Potassium bromate
Sodium edetate
Ammonium thiocyanate
Argentum nitrate
Ammonium cerium sulfate
‹ Назад
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A patient consults a pharmaceutist about taking acetylsalicylic acid as an antiaggregant. What is the daily dose that should be recommended for continuous use?
Over 4,0 g
0,5-1,0 g
2,0-3, 0
1,0-2,0 g
0,1-0,3 g
‹ Назад
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The main active components of senna leaves and fruits are sennosides A, B, C,
Iridoids
Anthracene derivatives
They relate to the following class of biologically active substances:
Phenolic acids
Flavonoids
‹ Назад
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A laboratory received some herbal raw material for analysis. It is a composition of ovoidpointed leaves up to 25 cm long and 20 cm wide; the leaf base is cuneate, the leaf edge is emarginate. The cutting is long and cylindric. The leaf venation is pinnatisect; the midrib and the first-order veins project significantly on the inferior surface of the leaf. The superior leaf surface is dark green, the inferior surface is light green. The plant has a weak narcotic smell. The taste cannot be determined. The plant is poisonous! The described herbal raw material relates to the following plant:
-
Datura stramonium
Passiflora incarnata
Vinca minor
Chelidonium majus
‹ Назад
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It is necessary to prescribe nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drug for patient with rheumatoid arthritis and concomitant duodenal ulcer. Which drug is the drug of choice in this case?
Analgin
Paracetamol
Celecoxib
Acetylsalicylic acid
Diclofenac sodium
‹ Назад
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A pharmaceutist is preparing powders according to the following formulation: Rp.: Scopolamini hydrobromidi 0,0003 Ephedrini hydrochlorodi 0,05 Sachari 0,15 M.f. pulvis t.d. № 10 S. 1 powder thrice a day. Calculate the mass of 1 powder providing that the trituration (1:100) is used:
0,15
0,23
0,17
0,20
0,203
‹ Назад
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A pharmaceutist prepares several different solutions with antibiotics under aseptic conditions. He can sterilize the solution of the following substance:
Benzylpenicillin-sodium
Chloramphenicol
Neomycin sulphate
Benzylpenicillin-potassium
Polymyxin sulphate
‹ Назад
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A pharmaceutist has revealed an incompatibility in the prescription. What drug substances form an eutectic mixture?
Calcium chloride + sodium chloride
Sodium hydrocarbonate + hexamethylenetetramine
Ephedrine hydrochloride + glucose
Chloral hydrate + camphor
Antipyrine + analgin
‹ Назад
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The risk can arise from some forms of activity connected with production of goods and services, their selling, commodity-money and financial operations, commerce, implementation of socioeconomic and scientific-and-technical projects. This is the definition for the following concept:
Loss of time
Labour loss
Financial loss
Business risk
Loss of property
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While studying the reaction of an 'acid'chloroform extraction in acidic medium with sodium nitrite, a forensic toxicologist got a compound stained emerald green. Which of the substances is capable of forming the mentioned ni-trose compound?
Noxiron
Salicylic acid
Amidopyrine
Analgin
Antipyrine
‹ Назад
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A patient got poisoned with nitrites. Nitrite detection by means of azo dye reaction involves using such acid:
Sulphuric
Salicylic
Sulphanilic
Hydrochloric
Phosphoric
‹ Назад
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Preparations made out of eleutherococcus roots and rhizomes are administered as a tonic and adaptogenic drug. If these preparations cannot be found in a pharmacy, they can be substituted by the analogous preparations made of the following raw material:
Ginseng roots
Elecampane roots
Rhizomes and roots of valerian
Polemonium roots
Acorus calamus roots
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A patient with bronchial asthma has been administered a drug from the group of betaadrenergic agonists. Specify this drug:
Salbutamol
Digoxin
Doxycycline hydrochloride
Diazepam
Nitroglycerine
‹ Назад
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An analytical chemist determines the quantitative content of caffeine by method of acidometry in nonaqueous media in compliance with the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine. What solution is used as a titrant?
Perchloric acid
Sodium hydroxide
Sodium nitrite
Sodium edetate
Potassium bromate
‹ Назад
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A pharmacy analyst identifies sodium hydrocarbonate. What indicator can confirm the presence of alkalescent medium reaction in the sodium hydrocarbonate solution?
Phenolphtalein
Naphtholbenzein
Ferroin
Tropeolin 00
Starch
‹ Назад
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Substance of calcium pangamate is to be studied in n analytical laboratory. Calcium cation forms a white precipitate with the following reagent:
Sodium cobaltinitrite
Sodium chloride
Potassium permanganate
Potassium bromide
Ammonium oxalate
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A chemist of an analytical laboratory studies procaine hydrochloride according to the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine. What method is recommended by the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine for the quantitative analysis of this preparation?
Acidimetry
Bromatometry
Chelatometry
Alkalimetry
Nitritometry
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A patient has been administered a spasmolytic from the group of muscarinic receptor antagonists as a part of the complex treatment for renal colic. Specify this drug:
Dithylinum
Atropine
Benzohexonium
Neostigmine
Galantamine
‹ Назад
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A common method for quantitative determination of drugs from the group of alkali metal halogenides is:
Permanganatometry
Alkalimetry
Argentometry
Nitritometry
Chelatometry
‹ Назад
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A patient has been taking isosorbi-de for stenocardia prevention for quite a long time. Now he notes a significant decrease in the effect of the drug. What is this phenomenon called?
Allergy
Potentiation
Cumulation
Physical dependence
Tolerance
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Pharmacy activities are commonly operated by different types of managers. The function of direct control over drug preparation by a pharmaceutist refers to the following type of management:
Technical
Administrative
Managerial
Institutional
Bureaucratic
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A pharmaceutist has applied for a job of a stockkeeper at a wholesale pharmaceutical enterprise. What trial period doesn’t require agreement with the trade-union committee?
Up to six monthes
Up to one month
Up to two monthes
Up to three monthes
Up to four monthes
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Marketing manager at a pharmaceutical factory is planning its communication policy. Which component of the marketing communication systems has the highest value for one contact?
'Public relations'
Periodical advertising
TV advertising
Personal sale
Sales promotion
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During the treatment of chronic heart failure with digoxin in a patient having bradycardia, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision. Which drug is the antidote in this case?
Unithiol
Amyl nitrite
Atropine sulphate
Tetacinum calcium
Dipiroximum
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A biennial or perennial plant from the Apiaceae family has a blue-grey stem branching in its lower part. Its leaves are also blue-grey, finely dissected, with the ultimate filiform segments. The flowers are yellow, in compound umbels. Its fruit is used for production of 'dill water'. What plant is it?
Conium maculatum
Carum carvi
Foeniculum vulgare
Petroselium crispum
Coriandrum sativum
‹ Назад
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Incoming control is conducted in the course of wholesale and retail trade, such control is carried out during receipt of goods by visual inspection or analysis of drug. Incoming control is carried out by authorized person, which is assigned by:
State inspection of drugs quality control
The order of head of territorial inspection
Head of regional structure
Proprietor of an enterprise
Managers order
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When a pharmacy records goods as received, it normally specifies the amount of the markup intended for expenditure coverage and profit gaining. Give the definition for the markup:
Rummage (goods remains) at the end of the month
The difference between the sales price and the customs price
The difference between the sale price and purchase price of goods
The amount of goods sold
The difference between the sales price and markup
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Before the raw plant material is taken over from the supplier, it must be checked for compliance. Which document is the ground for recording raw plant material as received in the pharmacy in case of its approval?
Consignation note
-
Acceptance certificate
Write-off certificate
Invoice
‹ Назад
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The relationships between the demand, supply and price level is studied within the following field of complex market research:
Analysis of sociopsychological features of buyers
Analysis of market segmentation
Studies of economic environment
Studies of market and product requirements
Studies of market structure of companies
‹ Назад
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According to the Labour Code, compulsory deductions from the salaries of pharmacy employees include:
Amounts to be withheld under writs of execution
Alimony
Pension contributions
Excess payments
Trade union contributions
‹ Назад
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According to the basic regulations for supply of medical products, pharmacies should be supplied with medicaments having a remaining shelf life of no less than ... %, and bacterial preparations of no less than ...%:
80 %, 60%
40 %, 20%
60%, 40%
50 %, 40%
60 %, 30%
‹ Назад
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A patient with chronic bronchitis wants to buy glaucine hydrochloride at a pharmacy. What typical side effect of the drug should the patient be warned against?
Allergic skin rash
Rise of intraocular pressure
Irregular heartbeat
Drop of arterial pressure
Excitation of the central nervous system
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A 30-year-old patient with a sleep disorder and psychoemotional disbalance has been administered diazepam. What is the mechanism of its psychosedative action?
Reduction of noradrenaline amount in the CNS
Inhibition of the reticular formation
Activation of GABAergic system
Inhibition of opioid receptors
Inhibition of the limbic system
‹ Назад
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Benzylpenicillin sodium is not used per os, because this drug:
Is destroyed by penicillinase
Reduces formation of gastric HCl
Poorly absorbed in the intestine
Destroys gastric HCl
Irritates gastric mucosa
‹ Назад
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Select the reductant required for the determination of arsenic impurity in drugs (method 2):
Sodium hypophosphite
Potassium iodide solution
Hydrochloric acid solution
Sodium hydroxide solution
Sodium sulfite solution
‹ Назад
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A pharmacy received a prescription for powders with a too high single dose of phenobarbital not justified by proper documentation. What actions should a pharmaceutist take?
Supply 1/3 of the maximum single dose, multiplied by the number of powders
Supply the highest single dose
Supply the maximum single dose, multiplied by the number of powders
Put the stamp 'invalid' and return the prescription to the patient
Supply 1/3 of the maximum single dose
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When heroin comes into an an organism, it metabolizes chiefly to:
Codeine
6- acetylmorphine
Morphine
3- acetylmorphine and morphine
Morphine and 6-monoacetylmorphine
‹ Назад
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A pharmacy received a prescription for a topical powder including a substance that is hard to disperse. Which of the listed fluids may be used for dispersing the substance?
Diethyl ether
Water for injections
Isopropyl alcohol
Purified water
Dimexid
‹ Назад
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A female has prolonged labour. Select a drug that stimulates labour activity due to its physiological effect from the listed below:
Neostigmine
Pachycarpine
Oxytocin
Progesterone
Estrone
‹ Назад
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A pharmaceutist has to prepare suppositories with a glycerine gelatin base by the molding method. What is the ratio of gelatin, water and glycerine required for the base?
2:2:4
1:2:5
1:3:4
2:1:5
3:2:3
‹ Назад
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While filling hard gelatin capsules such glidants as 0,1% - 0,3% aerosil or magnesium stearate along with 0,5% - 1% talc are often added to the filling agent in order to improve the following properties:
Homogeneity of mixing
Regulation of moisture content
Homogeneity
Ability to contact molding
Flowability
‹ Назад
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Prescriptions for drugs being subject to the stocktaking and supplied on favourable terms or free of charge except for narcotic (psychotropic) drugs and tramadol are written out:
In 2 copies of form F-1
On the form F-1
On the form F-3
On the pink form
On the forms F-3 and F-1
‹ Назад
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What management style is characterized by manager’s particular compliance, when manager initiates goals formation by his subordinate and is ready to accept it without reservations?
Bureaucratic style
Combined style
Democratic management style
Collective style
Laissez-faire management style
‹ Назад
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Activity of pharmaceutical institutions is subject to licensing. What is the duration of licencse for drugs and healthcare products sale?
Five years
One year
Two years
Three years
Four years
‹ Назад
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In case of loss of license a pharmaceutist should address an application for a duplicate to a licensing authority. The licensing authority is obliged to issue the duplicate to the applicant no later than:
Two monthes from the date of application receipt
One month from the date of application receipt
Three working days from the date of application receipt
Three monthes from the date of application receipt
The duplicate isn’t issued
‹ Назад
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Which component of the marketing communication system focuses on creating a positive image of a company?
Advertising
Public relations
Personal sales
Retail logistics
Merchandising
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Select a loop diuretic of strong, emergency and short-term action from the listed below:
Triamterene
Spironolactone
Acetazolamide
Furosemide
Clopamide
‹ Назад
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A laboratory received some herbal raw material for analysis. The plant had flowerheads up to 4 cm in diameter, the marginal flowers were agamic, blue, funnel-shaped; the inner flowers were bisexual, purple, tubular. What plant has these features?
Scutellaria baicalensis
Viola tricolor
Centaurea cyanus
Solidago virgaurea
Polygonum persicaria
‹ Назад
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Spesify the type of the following liniment: Ol. Helianthi 7,4 Sol. Ammonii caustici 25 ml Ac. Oleinici 0,1 M.f. linimentum D.S. To be rubbed in.
Liniment, emulsion o/w
Liniment-solution
Liniment-suspension
Liniment, emulsion w/o
Combined liniment
‹ Назад
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A patient who has been undergoing combined drug therapy for peptic ulcer presents with black feces. Specify a drug that might have caused such a change:
Ranitidine
Metronidazole
Omeprazole
Bismuth subcitrate
Actovegin
‹ Назад
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A man with a long history of chronic hepatitis has been diagnosed with pneumonia. Which of the following antibacterial drugs can be applied in this clinical situation?
Tetracycline
Amoxicillin
Vancomycin
Rifampicin
Biseptol
‹ Назад
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A 57-year-old female patient was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis; she has also a history of stomach ulcer. What drug from the group of nonsteroid antiinflammatory drugs may be recommended this patient?
Diclofenac
Mefenamic acid
Celecoxib
Indometacin
Aspirin
‹ Назад
Далі ›
An internship doctor prescribed his patient nifuroxazid from the group of ni-trofurans for the treatment of urinary tracts infection. The doctor made a mistake because:
It has nephrotoxic effect
It is excreted from the organism very slowly
It cannot be absorbed from the digestive tract
It has bacteriostatic effect
It is excreted with urine in the inactive state
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Which of the following is the drug of choice for bronchial asthma attacks prevention?
Drotaverine
Salbutamol
Cromolyn sodium
Diphenhydramine hydrochloride
Ambroxol
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A pharmaceutist needs to sterilize 250 ml of glucose solution for injections. How many minutes should the solution undergo sterilization in the autoclave under the temperature of 120°C?
12
30
15
25
8
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Grinding equipment is classified by the way of grinding. What kind of machines does a roller crusher relate to?
Cutting
Impact
Crushing
Impact-centrifugal
Abrasive
‹ Назад
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Antacid gastritis can be treated with plantain juice. What is the way of its extraction?
Maceration with aqueous ethanol solution
Dissolution of concentrates
High-pressure compression
Extraction with condensed gases
Repercolation
‹ Назад
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Oxidation of some toxins within the body results in generation of compounds that increase their toxicity. Thus, due to the oxidation of heptachlor in the body the folowing compound is formed:
Hexachlorocyclohexane
Carbon dioxide
Heptachlor oxide
Carbon monoxide
Heptachlor epoxide
‹ Назад
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A pharmacy has sulfonamide biseptol on sale. What chemical compounds are the main components of this drug?
Sulgin, norsulfazol
Phthalazolum, sulfadimezin
Sulfazin, salazodimethoxinum
Urosulfan, sulfapiridazin
Sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim
‹ Назад
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In course of isoniazid identification a pharmacy analyst boiled thoroughly the substance with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene. The substance turned yellow, after adding alkaline solution it turned first violet and then brownish-red. As a result of this reaction the following aldehyde derivative is produced:
Hexanic
Glutamic
Gluconic
Glyoxylic
Glutakon
‹ Назад
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A routine inventory revealed a cash shortage. Who must reimburse the sum of the identified shortage?
Deputy head of Department
Pharmacy director
Department head
Deputy director of pharmacy
Cashier
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A pharmaceutical factory produces herbal juice out of fresh raw material. What operation should be performed at the stage of juice purification?
Heating followed by quick cooling
Filtration
Adsorption
Sedimentation
Crystallization
‹ Назад
Далі ›
A patient suffering from stomach ulcer was prescribed an antiulcer drug that also reduces secretion of hydrochloric acid and inhibits Chelicobacter pylori. What drug is it?
Almagel
Famotidine
Omeprazole
Maalox
Gastrocepine
‹ Назад
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Quantitative determination of ni-trofural (furacilin) can be done by method of spectrophotometry. A pharmacy analyst can calculate quantity by measuring:
Rotation angle
Fusion temperature
Refractive index
Optical density
pH of solution
‹ Назад
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An edema can be relieved by means of hypertonic solutions. What phenomenon takes place in the blood cells after injection of such solution?
Plasmolysis
Hemolysis
Electrolysis
Lipolysis
Hydrolysis
‹ Назад
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A consulting pharmacist informed a patient about possible side effect of metronidazole that is normally provoked by alcohol intake. What is the mechanism of this phenomenon?
Enzyme acetylcholinesterase blocking
Enzyme acetylcholinesterase activation
Enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase activation
Enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase blocking
Enzyme glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activation
‹ Назад
Далі ›
An anaesthesiologist has to perform an operation under neuroleptanalgesia. Which of the following drug combinations should be used in this case?
Fentanyl with diazepam
Diazepam with aminazine
Droperidol with prednisolone
Promedol with amitriptillin
Fentanyl with droperidol
‹ Назад
Далі ›
Common juniper is applied as a diuretic, anti-inflammatory and cholagogic agent. This plant gives the following medicinal raw material:
Leaves
Seeds
Roots
Sprouts
Fruits
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Which of the following reagents should be added to the isoniazid to achieve blue colour and precipitation that turns light-green and emits gases when heated?
Iron (III) chloride solution
Copper sulfate solution
Alkaline solution
Silver nitrate solution
Hydrochloric acid solution
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For accounting business transactions carried out in a pharmacy the synthetic accounts are used. Their list is given in the Chart of Accounts. Balances of the I, II and III account classes are used for completion of the following document:
Fourth section of the liabilities balance sheet
Profit and Loss Account
Liabilities
First section of the liabilities balance sheet
Assets
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A 40-year-old patient suffers from bronchial asthma and cardiac rhythm disturbance in form of bradyarrhythmia. Drugs of which pharmacological group should be administered for bronchospasm suppression?
Cholinesterase inhibitors
M-cholinergic antagonists
Beta-blockers
Muscle relaxant
M-cholinomimetics
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A patient who has taken phenobarbi-tal for a long time was prescribed diclofenac sodium. However the anti-inflammatory effect of diclofenac appeared to be less than expected due to the pharmacokinetic interaction of these drugs. Such interaction might be the result of the following processes:
Reduced protein concentration in plasma
Accelerated drug metabolism in liver
Decelerated drug metabolism in liver
Change of receptor sensibility
Increased drug dosage
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